Syn1 cre

Syn1-Cre (Stock No: 003966), GFAP-Cre (Stock No: 024098), Thy1-GFP (Stock No: 007788), Rosa26^Ai9/+ (Stock No: 007909), Fmr1 knockout (Stock No: 003025), CD68-EGFP (Stock No: 026827) and Cx3cr1^CreER/+ (Stock No: 021160) mouse strains were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. The Pten^+/− strain was from the National Cancer Institute. All mice were maintained at 22 °C on a 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle with ad libitum access to water and food. Animal procedures were approved by the Scripps Florida Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Npc1^nih BALB/cJ mice were obtained from Jackson Laboratories (#003092) and backcrossed to C57BL6/J for at least 10 generations. Npc1^−/− mice were generated as F1 hybrids by crossing Npc1^+/− mice on BALB/cJ and C57BL6/J backgrounds. This hybrid cross allowed for the restoration of Mendelian frequency of Npc1^−/− mice^{84 (link)}. Genotyping was performed as previously described^{64 (link)}. Smpd1^−/− mice were maintained on the C57BL6/J background. Genotyping was done as described by ref. ^{58 (link)}. Floxed-Npc1^{64 (link)}, Syn1-Cre (003966, Jackson Labs), and Olig2-Cre (025567, Jackson Labs) mice were maintained on the C57BL6/J background. Male Npc1^flox/flox mice were crossed with female Cre+; Npc1^+/− mice to generate experimental groups. Lox/Cre mice were genotyped as previously described^{64 (link)}. Littermate mice were genotyped prior to use in experiments. Approximately equal numbers of male and female mice were used in these studies. All animal procedures were approved by the University of Michigan Committee on the Use and Care of Animals (PRO00010017). Mice were housed in a 12-h dark/light cycle, in a facility with an ambient temperature ranging from 20.6–23.9 °C and a humidity between 30–70%.

All animal models were kept on a C57BL/6N background. For breedings, C57BL/6N male and female mice were purchased from either Janvier or Harlan. Mice were housed in a pathogen-free animal facility at the Institute of Molecular Health Sciences at ETH Zurich. Animals were maintained in a temperature-controlled room (22 °C), with humidity at 55% on a 12 h light-dark cycle (lights on from 5.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.). Mice were fed a standard chow laboratory diet and water ad libitum. The age of mice is indicated in the figure legends. All animal experiments were approved by the Kantonale Veterinäramt Zürich. Methods were carried out in “accordance” with the relevant guidelines of the Kantonale Veterinäramt Zurich. Generation of mice deficient for Foxa1 was performed in C57BL/6N embryonic stem cells. The Foxa1^eGFP BAC transgenic reporter mouse was created by pronucleus injection in C57BL/6N mice. Nts^ires-Cre (#017525), Syn1^Cre (#003966), Ubc^Cre/ERT2 (#008085), R26^LSL-Tomato (#007914), cP53 (#008462) and Ppargc1a-KO (#008597) lines were purchased from Jackson. R26^tdRFP mice were used to sort STN neurons55 (link).

Six- to eight-week-old C57BL/6J, LysM^cre, Syn1^cre, and CD45.1 mice were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory. CaMKK2^−/−, Tg(Camkk2-EGFP)DF129Gsat reporter mice (CaMKK2-EGFP), and CaMKK2^fl/fl mice were generously provided by Luigi Racioppi (Duke University). CaMKK2^−/−, CaMKK2-EGFP and CaMKK2^fl/fl mice have been previously validated^{22 (link)}. All transgenic mouse lines were derived from or have been previously backcrossed to the C57BL/6 background. Animals were maintained under pathogen-free conditions, in temperature and humidity controlled housing, with free access to food and water, under a 12-h light/dark cycle at the Cancer Center Isolation Facility of Duke University Medical Center. All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Duke University Medical Center.