Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Manufactured by Siemens

Sourced in Germany

The Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a laboratory technique used to detect and quantify specific substances, typically proteins, in a liquid sample. The core function of ELISA is to use antibodies and color change to identify and measure the concentration of a target substance.

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Lab products found in correlation

Aanalyst 800, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) D dimer, by Siemens (1 mentions)

4 protocols using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Abdominal Swabs and Blood Coagulation

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A total of another 10 abdominal swabs were analyzed in the SCT as described above.
Furthermore, activation of blood coagulation was measured before and after contact of two abdominal swabs with fresh human whole blood, which was anticoagulated with various heparin concentrations ranging from 0.75 to 1.5 IU/ml. As a plasmatic marker for coagulation, we determined thrombin–antithrombin-III complexes (TAT) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Siemens Healthcare, Marburg, Germany).

Krajewski S., Nathan T., Neumann B., Hoffmann S., Abel M., Koggel A., Schlensak C, & Wendel H.P. (2015). Simple clotting test to detect procoagulant abdominal swabs. Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine, 26(2), 106.

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Biochemical Markers in Clinical Evaluation

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Serum biochemical variables were measured with an Architect c16000/i2000 analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, City, UK). Serum copper was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAnalyst 800, Perkin Elmer, City, CA, USA). Serum zinc was analyzed by a colorimetric method (Sentinel Diagnostics, Milano, Italy). The normal ranges were 60 to 150 µg/dL for zinc and 75 to 150 µg/dL for copper. Immunoanalysis was used to measure C-reactive protein, procalcitonin (Abbott Diagnostics, City, ST, US) and D dimer (Siemens, City, Germany), and interleukin-6 and interleukin-12 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Invitrogen, City, CA, USA). The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were below 10%.

Arrieta F., Martinez-Vaello V., Bengoa N., Jiménez-Mendiguchia L., Rosillo M., de Pablo A., Voguel C., Martinez-Barros H., Pintor R., Belanger-Quintana A., Mateo R., Candela A, & Botella-Carretero J.I. (2021). Serum zinc and copper in people with COVID-19 and zinc supplementation in parenteral nutrition. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 91, 111467.

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Assessing Mental Health and Comorbidity

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Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). This is a brief and easy to administer questionnaire that was developed to detect possible and probable cases of anxiety disorders and depression in clinical settings. A score in either domain ≥8 indicates possible anxiety or depression [29] . Comorbidityrelated prognosis was calculated using the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) [30] , from the medical history. Systemic inflammation was measured using peripheral blood high-sensitivity Creactive protein (hs-CRP), and analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Marburg, Germany).

Cordova-Rivera L., Gibson P.G., Gardiner P.A., Hiles S.A, & McDonald V.M. (2019). Extrapulmonary associations of health status in severe asthma and bronchiectasis: Comorbidities and functional outcomes. Respiratory medicine, 154.

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Edoxaban's Impact on D-dimer and F1+2 in AHF

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The primary measure for this sub-analysis was the change in Ddimer levels after admission for AHF. We also compared D-dimer and F1 + 2 levels between patients who were already receiving edoxaban prior to admission and those who first received edoxaban at the time of admission. The plasma concentration of edoxaban in both groups was also investigated. Blood sampling began before administration of edoxaban on Day 1 and continued immediately prior to each edoxaban dose for 7 consecutive days after admission. The final blood sample was collected on the day of discharge or when it was determined by the investigator that the patient had entered the clinically stable phase of heart failure and observation could be stopped.
The methods for measuring D-dimer, F1 + 2, and edoxaban levels have been published [17] ; respectively, these were a latex immunoturbidimetric assay (reference value < 1.0 μg/mL; KAINOS Laboratories, Inc., Tokyo, Japan), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (reference value 69-229 pmol/L; Siemens Healthineers AG, Erlangen, Germany), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry solid phase extraction (SCIEX, Framingham, MA, USA).

Kida K., Nabeta T., Ishida M., Shiono T., Suzuki N., Doi S., Tsukahara M., Ohta Y., Kimura T., Morishima Y., Takita A., Matsumoto N., Akashi Y.J., Ako J, & Inomata T. (2022). D-dimer levels in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and acute heart failure treated with edoxaban. Journal of cardiology, 79(6).

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