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5 protocols using af1830

1

Induction of Retinal Detachment for Research

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A previous method [12 ] for inducing bullous and permanent RD was modified to avoid any retinal holes and subretinal hemorrhage. Briefly, a superior scleral hole was gently made with the bevel of 30 G insulin syringe needle (BD Ultra-Fine™), avoiding any retinal damage. Anterior chamber puncture was made to relieve any elevation of intraocular pressure. A 33 G needle connected to Hamilton 2.5 μl syringe was inserted into the scleral hole and carefully positioned within the subretinal space. Sodium hyaluronate (2 μl, ProVisc, Alcon) was gently injected to detach the neurosensory retina from RPE. In the treated groups, 2 μl of polyclonal goat anti-mouse IL6Rα IgG antibody (R&D system, AF1830) or monoclonal rat anti-mouse gp130 IgG1 antibody (R&D system, MAB4682) or monoclonal mouse IgG1 isotype control (R&D system, MAB002) or PBS was injected into the vitreous cavity following detachment. The success of hemi-retinal detachment was confirmed by visual microscopic inspection, and in a subset of cases, OCT imaging. Mice with detachments that were accompanied by retinal holes, subretinal or vitreous hemorrhage were excluded from subsequent studies. More details about anti-IL6Rα and anti-gp130antibodies used in the current study are given in Additional file 1: Table S1.
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2

Protein Expression and Localization

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Primary antibodies included rabbit-anti-CT-Ab (#SC661; Santa Cruz), rabbit-anti-actin (A2066, Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), rabbit-anti-GAPDH (14C10, Cell Signaling, Frankfurt am Main, Germany), rabbit-anti-meprin α (self-designed at Pineda, Berlin, Germany), and rabbit-anti-meprin β72 (link), mouse-anti-human-IL-6R (4–11)73 (link) and goat-anti-mouse-IL-6R (AF1830, R&D systems, Wiesbaden-Nordenstadt, Germany). Secondary antibodies used were Alexa Fluor 488, biotinylated antibodies (Molecular Probes, Eugene, USA) and peroxidase conjugated antibodies (Dianova, Hamburg, Germany).
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3

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Neural Markers

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Routine reagents were purchased from Sigma unless indicated otherwise. MBP84-104 (ENPVVHFFKNIVTPRTPPPSQ) and scrambled (s)MBP84-104 (NKPQTNVVEPFHRTFPIPPVS) peptides, derived from the human MBP sequence (GenBank #AAH08749), were synthesized by GenScript. The peptides were protected from degradation by exoproteinases using N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal amidation. The following primary antibodies were used in our immunofluorescence analyses: goat polyclonal IL-6 [R&D Systems (AF506), 1:100], goat polyclonal IL-6 receptor [IL-6R, R&D Systems (AF1830), 1:100], rabbit polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP, DAKO (Z0334), 1:500], mouse monoclonal NeuN [EMD Millipore (MAB377), 1:1000], rabbit ionized Ca2+-binding adapter molecule 1 [Iba1, Wako (019-19741), 1:500], mouse neurofilament 200 [NF200, Millipore (MAB5262), 1:200], rabbit polyclonal calcitonin gene-related peptide [CGRP, Abcam (ab47027), 1:400], and rabbit polyclonal activating transcription factor 3 [ATF3, C-19 clone, Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SC-188), 1:100].
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4

Macrophage Infection Model with FAC

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pMacs in a 24‐well tissue culture plate (∼5 × 105 cells/well, 1 mL culture media/well) were treated for 24 h with “infection medium,” which was culture medium lacking penicillin/streptomycin, with or without 250 μM ferric ammonium citrate (66 μg/mL, FAC, Sigma–Aldrich, CAS: 1185‐57‐5) and with or without 125 ng/mL anti‐IL‐6Rα (R&D Systems, AF1830) or normal goat IgG isotype control antibody (R&D Systems, AB‐108‐C). Cells were infected with UTI89 in 1 mL of new infection media.
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5

Comprehensive Immunohistochemistry Protocol

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Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues were cut in 5‐μm sections. Sections were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis following our previously reported protocol (Sorrelle et al, 2019) using antibodies specific for anti‐P‐STAT3 (Tyr705, #9145, Cell Signaling, dilution 1:500), anti‐ARG1 (#93668, Cell Signaling, dilution 1:500), anti‐CD8α (#98941, Cell Signaling, dilution 1:1,000), anti‐ZAP70 (#2705, Cell Signaling, dilution 1:500), anti‐P‐SMAD2 (Ser465/467, AB3849, Millipore, dilution 1:500), anti‐IL‐6Rα (AF1830, R&D Systems, dilution 1:250), anti‐iNOS (PA1‐21054, Thermo Fisher Scientific, dilution 1:200), anti‐CD3 (PA1‐29547, Thermo Fisher Scientific, dilution 1:1,000), anti‐F4/80 (NBP2‐12506, Novus Biologicals, 1:200), anti‐FOXP3 (MAB8214, Novus Biologicals, dilution 1:500), anti‐CD11b (ab133357, Abcam, dilution 1:1,000), and anti‐Ki67 (ab15580, Abcam, dilution 1:1,000). Images were obtained with a Nikon Eclipse E600 microscope using a Niko Digital Dx1200me camera and ACT1 software (Universal Imaging Corporation). Pictures were analyzed using NIS Elements (Nikon).
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