Hepatic arteriography was performed in all groups of tumor-bearing rabbits on digital subtraction arteriography (DSA; Siemens Medical Solutions, Munich, Germany). All animals were anesthetized before treatment, the preparation and sterilization of skin, an incision of skin and muscle, and separation of the femoral artery were performed in sequence. The 4-F sheath was then placed in the separated artery by a superb puncture technique. After that, a 4-F Cobra catheter (Cook, Inc., Bloomington, IN) was usually used to select the celiac artery for angiography to determine the hepatic artery. Next, a 2.7-F coaxial microcatheter system (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) was further to select the hepatic artery and tumor-feeding artery (generally the left branch of hepatic artery) for angiography. When it confirmed that the complete feeding artery of tumor without other vessels, the treatment methods were performed in the different groups, and angiography was reviewed after treatment. At last, all catheters and sheaths removed, the wound was sutured. The penicillin was injected for 3 days in all rabbits as describe above.
4 f cobra catheter
Manufactured by Cook Medical
Sourced in Japan
The 4-F Cobra catheter is a medical device designed for use in diagnostic and interventional procedures. It is a four-French (4-F) catheter with a cobra-shaped tip, which is intended to facilitate access to specific blood vessels or regions of the body during medical interventions. The core function of the 4-F Cobra catheter is to provide a conduit for the introduction and guidance of other instruments or materials during these procedures.
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3 protocols using 4 f cobra catheter
1
Hepatic Arteriography for Tumor Imaging
2
Embolization Procedure for Liver Tumor
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After baseline MRI, the embolization procedures were performed immediately on digital subtraction arteriography (DSA, Siemens Medical Solutions, Munich, Germany). Under general anesthesia, the right femoral artery was exposed surgically, and a 4-F vascular sheath (Radiofocus Introducer II, Terumo Medical) was introduced in the exposed artery. After that, a 4-F Cobra catheter (Cook, Inc., Bloomington, IN) and a 2.4-F coaxial microcatheter system (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) were used to select the celiac artery, hepatic artery and tumor-feeding artery successively for angiography.23 (link) Then, the drugs or embolic materials were slowly injected by hand under careful real-time fluoroscopy to prevent nontarget embolization.
3
Hepatic Arteriography for Tumor Therapy
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Hepatic arteriography was performed in all groups of tumor-bearing rabbits under fluoroscopy guidance. Thirty-six tumor-bearing rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. The LD group received the emulsion of 0.5 mL lipiodol and 4 mg donafenib. The LE group received the emulsion of 0.5 mL lipiodol and 4 mg epirubicin. The control group received the equal volume of saline. The rabbit’s femoral artery was dissected and catheterized after anesthesia. A 4-F Cobra catheter (Cook, Inc., Bloomington, Indiana) was inserted into the celiac artery, and a 2.7-F coaxial microcatheter (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) was further used to select the hepatic artery for angiography to identify the tumor-feeding artery. According to the predetermined groups, the various treatment was administered slowly to avoid the occlusion of non-target vessels. We then used gelatin sponge particles for supplement till the complete embolization of tumor vessels. Finally, all catheters were removed, and all rabbits were intramuscularly injected with penicillin daily for three days.
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