Clinical and laboratory parameters, including demographic data, liver disease etiology, platelet count, serum albumin level, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, and upper endoscopy findings (if available) were assessed at baseline. Liver stiffness (LS) was measured using a two-dimensional shear wave elastography unit (Supersonic Imagine) and an SC6-1 probe as described in previous studies [15 (link)16 (link)]. Based on the presence of ACLD and previous or current hepatic decompensation, the baseline state of liver disease for individual patients was categorized as non-ACLD, cACLD (ACLD without decompensation), or decompensated ACLD (dACLD; previous or current decompensation). ACLD was defined according to the Baveno VI criteria [1 (link)] and LS threshold for shear wave elastography proposed by the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Liver Elastography [17 (link)]. Patients were considered to have ACLD if they had an LS > 9 kPa, gastroesophageal varices on endoscopy, or pathologically proven advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Hepatic decompensation was defined as the occurrence of ascites, variceal bleeding, or grade ≥ 2 hepatic encephalopathy [18 (link)].
Sc6 1 probe
Manufactured by SuperSonic Imagine
Sourced in France
The SC6-1 probe is a medical imaging device designed for ultrasound examinations. It functions as a transducer, converting electrical signals into mechanical vibrations and vice versa, enabling the capture of real-time images of the body's internal structures.
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Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using sc6 1 probe
1
Assessing Liver Disease Severity Using 2D Elastography
2
Non-invasive Liver Stiffness Measurement
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Two experienced technicians (both of them have conducted more than 500 examinations), blinded to the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy results, performed 2D-SWE (Supersonic Imagine, Aix-en-Provence, France) with a convex broadband SC6-1 probe. After an overnight fast, 2D-SWE measurements were performed within 1 week after admission. Readings were taken in three different regions of interest (ROI) in the right lobe of the liver. The measurement of LS should be performed at least 10 mm below the liver capsule. The final LS value was calculated as the mean of the recorded acquisitions. Each acquisition was considered successful if the following three conditions are met (more than two-thirds of the elastography signal filled the region of interest (ROI), standard deviation (SD) of the LS value was ≤1.75 kilopascals (kPa), and big vessels and biliary tracts were not included in ROI). Measurements not fulfilling these requirements were considered failed, and such patients were excluded from the study.
3
Hepatic Ultrasound for Liver Steatosis Assessment
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The hepatic ultrasound was performed using a high-resolution B-mode tomographic ultrasound system (Aixplorer, SuperSonic Imagine, Aix-en-Provence, France) with a convex SC6-1 probe in abdominal mode. Patients were examined in the dorsal position when Hamaguchi’s score and the HRI were calculated. Hamaguchi’s ultrasound score uses a number of variables to assess liver steatosis: hepatorenal echo contrast, liver parenchyma brightness, vessel blurring, and attenuation depth. Hepatic steatosis is defined by a score ≥2 and moderate/severe steatosis by score ≥4 [15 (link)]. The HRI is the ratio of the average liver parenchyma to renal cortex brightness in a B-Mode sonogram. A ratio below 1.49 signified no steatosis. Low, intermediate, and high grades were diagnosed when the HRI ranged between 1.49–1.85, 1.86–2.22, or 2.23 and greater, respectively [16 (link)].
Technical details of non-invasive techniques applied in the study are presented in Supplementary Material 1.
Technical details of non-invasive techniques applied in the study are presented in Supplementary Material 1.
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