TG measurements of the samples were conducted using open Al pans on a thermogravimetry/differential thermal analyser (DTG-60, Shimazu, Japan) from room temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C min -1 under a nitrogen atmosphere. Each sample weight was fixed at 5 mg. Regarding silica nanoparticles with ionic liquid surface and original silica nanoparticles, the degree of ILSC substitution was calculated based on the difference in mass losses between modified silica nanoparticles and original silica nanoparticles. Regarding DN ion gels, the sample was heated from room temperature to 700 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C min -1 under a nitrogen atmosphere.
Dtg 60
Manufactured by Shimadzu
Sourced in Japan, Brazil
The DTG-60 is a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) made by Shimadzu. It is used to measure changes in the weight of a sample as a function of temperature or time in a controlled atmosphere.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Dsc 60, by Shimadzu (8 mentions)
Ir prestige 21, by Shimadzu (3 mentions)
Jem 2100f, by JEOL (2 mentions)
Supermini200, by Rigaku (2 mentions)
Jsm 6510la, by JEOL (2 mentions)
Su3500, by Hitachi (2 mentions)
Dsc 60 plus, by Shimadzu (2 mentions)
D8 advance, by Bruker (2 mentions)
Escalab 250xi, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
X pert pro mpd diffractometer, by Philips (1 mentions)
Hr4000 spectrometer, by OceanOptics (1 mentions)
D max 2500, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
S 4800, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Smartlab, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
Raman spectrometer, by Renishaw (1 mentions)
Raman, by Renishaw (1 mentions)
Cm200, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Jsm 6100 microscope, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Spectrum one, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Xrd 7000, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
113 protocols using dtg 60
1
Thermal Analysis of Silica Nanoparticles and Ion Gels
2
Synthesis and Thermal Treatment of TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol
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After MeO-Kaol (100 mg) was dispersed in a methanolic solution of TPhPCl (1 mL, 1 mol L−1), the dispersion was stirred at room temperature for a day. After the reaction, the resultant solid was centrifuged at 4800 rpm for 1 min, and then dried at 120 °C for 10 min to afford TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol.
Subsequently, TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol (40 mg) was heated to 540 °C using a thermobalance (Shimazu DTG-60) at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 under a nitrogen atmosphere, producing TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol_540.
Then, TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol_540 (20 mg) was manually ground using a mortar and a pestle as follows; when the contact with the pestle did not produce any more changes in the ground powders, the powders were collected from the mortar center by a spatula. The grinding process was conducted four times, affording TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol_540_G. All grinding procedures took approximately 15 min.
Subsequently, TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol (40 mg) was heated to 540 °C using a thermobalance (Shimazu DTG-60) at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 under a nitrogen atmosphere, producing TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol_540.
Then, TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol_540 (20 mg) was manually ground using a mortar and a pestle as follows; when the contact with the pestle did not produce any more changes in the ground powders, the powders were collected from the mortar center by a spatula. The grinding process was conducted four times, affording TPhPCl/MeO-Kaol_540_G. All grinding procedures took approximately 15 min.
3
Synthesis and Characterization of Phenothiazine Derivatives
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Melting points were measured in glass plates
on a Yanagimoto melting point apparatus. UV/vis/near-IR absorption
spectra in solution state and KBr pellets were obtained on a JASCO
V-650 spectrophotometer and a Shimadzu UV/vis/near-IR scanning spectrometer
UV-3100 PC, respectively. UV/vis/near-IR spectra of neat samples were
recorded using an Ocean Optics HR4000 spectrometer. Differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) was performed with a SHIMADZU DSC-60. TGA and differential
thermal analysis were measured using a SHIMADZU DTG-60. ESR spectra
were recorded with a JEOL JES-FE1XG. The magnetic susceptibility measurements
were performed using a Quantum Design SQUID magnetometer, MPMS-XL.
Single-crystal X-ray data were collected by a Rigaku XtaLAB P200 diffractometer
with graphite monochromated Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71075
Å). Powder XRD was performed on a Philips X’Pert Pro MPD
diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å).
Silver bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, dehydrated dichloromethane,
and cyclohexane were commercially available and used without further
purification. N-n-Pentyl-10H-phenothiazine (1 ) and N-n-octyl-10H-phenothiazine (N-octyl analogue) were prepared according to the literature.19 (link) Compounds 1 •+ ·BF 4 – , 1 •+ ·PF 6 – , and 1 •+ ·SbF 6 – were prepared
using corresponding silver salts by the similar method of1 •+ ·NTf 2–.
on a Yanagimoto melting point apparatus. UV/vis/near-IR absorption
spectra in solution state and KBr pellets were obtained on a JASCO
V-650 spectrophotometer and a Shimadzu UV/vis/near-IR scanning spectrometer
UV-3100 PC, respectively. UV/vis/near-IR spectra of neat samples were
recorded using an Ocean Optics HR4000 spectrometer. Differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) was performed with a SHIMADZU DSC-60. TGA and differential
thermal analysis were measured using a SHIMADZU DTG-60. ESR spectra
were recorded with a JEOL JES-FE1XG. The magnetic susceptibility measurements
were performed using a Quantum Design SQUID magnetometer, MPMS-XL.
Single-crystal X-ray data were collected by a Rigaku XtaLAB P200 diffractometer
with graphite monochromated Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71075
Å). Powder XRD was performed on a Philips X’Pert Pro MPD
diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å).
Silver bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, dehydrated dichloromethane,
and cyclohexane were commercially available and used without further
purification. N-n-Pentyl-10H-phenothiazine (
using corresponding silver salts by the similar method of
4
Thermal Properties of Starch Granules
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The temperature and the enthalpy of gelatinization of the starch granules were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (Mettler Toledo, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland). The starch samples (~2.5 mg) were weighed into aluminum DSC pans, to which 7.5 mg of deionized water was added. After sealing, the pans were heated from room temperature to 90 °C with at a heating rate of 10 °C /min, under nitrogen atmosphere (30 mL/min). An empty aluminum pan was used as a reference. The onset (Ton), peak (Tp), conclusion (Tc) temperatures, and gelatinization enthalpies (ΔH) were estimated using the TA Instrument universal analysis software.
Simultaneous Thermogravimetric/Differential thermal analyses (TGA/DTA) were performed in a Shimadzu DTG-60 (Kyoto, Japan). Dry samples (~5 mg) were placed in aluminum pans inside the thermogravimetric balance and then heated under a nitrogen atmosphere (20 mL/min) in a range of 30 to 450 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. TGA curves were derived with respect to temperature to determine the degradation temperatures.
Simultaneous Thermogravimetric/Differential thermal analyses (TGA/DTA) were performed in a Shimadzu DTG-60 (Kyoto, Japan). Dry samples (~5 mg) were placed in aluminum pans inside the thermogravimetric balance and then heated under a nitrogen atmosphere (20 mL/min) in a range of 30 to 450 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. TGA curves were derived with respect to temperature to determine the degradation temperatures.
5
Thermal Analysis of PA11/SiO2 Composites
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The non-isothermal crystallization behavior in the melts of the composites were performed by using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, 204F1, Netzsch, Berlin, Germany). To eliminate thermal history, the samples were first heated from 30 to 205 °C at 20 °C min−1, held at the high temperature for 5 min, and then cooled to 20 °C at 10 °C min−1. After this thermal treatment, the samples were heated from 20 °C to 200 °C at 10 °C min−1 for analysis (2nd scan). The crystallization temperature (Tc) and the enthalpy of crystallization (ΔHc) were measured during the cooling scan. The melting temperature (Tm) and the enthalpy of fusion (ΔHm) were measured during the 2nd scanning process. The crystallinity (Xm) was estimated according to Equation (1):
where ΔHm and ΔH0 denote the heats (J/g) of melting of the PA11/SiO2 composites and PA11 crystals of infinite size with a value of 225.9 J/g [22 (link)].
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted with a DTA-TG apparatus (DTG-60, SHIMADZU, Kyoto, Japan) ranging from 50 °C to 700 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min in a N2 atmosphere (flow rate 100 mL min−1).
where ΔHm and ΔH0 denote the heats (J/g) of melting of the PA11/SiO2 composites and PA11 crystals of infinite size with a value of 225.9 J/g [22 (link)].
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted with a DTA-TG apparatus (DTG-60, SHIMADZU, Kyoto, Japan) ranging from 50 °C to 700 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min in a N2 atmosphere (flow rate 100 mL min−1).
6
Thermal Analysis of Particles
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The above particles were placed in a thermogravimetric (TG) analyser (DTG-60, Shimadzu Corp.).
The temperature was raised up to 600 °C at a rate of 15.9 K min-1 and then kept at 600 °C for 1 h with the flow of N2 gas. Then, the temperature was decreased naturally down to room temperature. The time variation of the temperature and the weight of the particles was recorded. The weight was calibrated with a precision scale (Excellence plus XP56, Mettler-Toledo International Inc.).
7
Thermal Analysis of FS and PAN/FS Membranes
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DTA-TGA apparatus (Shimadzu DTG-60) is used to determine the thermal character of FS and PAN/FS membranes at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 between a temperature range of 25 °C and 700 °C under a nitrogen flow.
8
Organic Exchange Method for Hydration Arrest
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An organic exchange method was conducted to stop the hydration of all paste specimens. First, the coarse-paste specimens (1.18–2.36 mm) were immersed in isopropanol for 30 min and then in fresh isopropanol for an additional 6 h. The paste specimens after the organic exchange were dried in a vacuum desiccator under ~0.08 MPa for 3 days. The coarse-paste specimens were crushed in an agate mortar, then, the paste powder was passed through a 96-μm sieve. The powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (D/MAX-2500, Rigaku, Japan) with a Cu-Kα radiation of 1.541 Å, step width of 0.02° and scanning speed of 4°/min at 45 kV and 40 mA. The TGA was conducted by an equipment (DTG-60, Shimadzu, Japan) with a N2 purge of 20 mL/min at the heating rate of 10 °C/min from 40 to 1000 °C.
9
Cementitious Materials for Durability
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Type I OPC (Ssangyong cement, Korea), HAC with Al2O3 of ~70 wt % (UAC 70N, Union, Seoul, Korea) and extra pure grade CaCO3 (Daejung chemicals and metals, Siheung, Korea) were used in this study. Table 1 shows the oxide composition and the loss on ignition of the OPC, HAC and CaCO3. The oxide composition was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (Axios, PANalytical, Almelo, The Netherlands) and the loss of ignition was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA; DTG-60, Shimadzu, Japan). The TGA was conducted with a N2 purge of 20 mL/min at the heating rate of 20 °C/min, from 40 to 1000 °C and the hold time at 990 ± 10 °C was 15 min. The HAC was comprised of calcium mono-aluminate (CaO·Al2O3, CA) in primary phase and calcium di-aluminate (CaO·2Al2O3, CA2) in secondary phase. The chloride solutions were prepared with NaCl (Daejung chemicals and metals, Siheung, Korea).
10
Thermal Analysis of Sample Decomposition
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Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to observe the variation in mass and differential thermal flow, respectively, of the sample when exposed to a controlled temperature increase, to identify events such as melting point, structural phase transition, and decomposition. The TGA and DTA measurements were carried out simultaneously in a Shimadzu DTG-60 thermogravimetric analyzer with an α-alumina open crucible in a nitrogen atmosphere at a flow rate of 100 mL∙min−1, in the temperature range from 30 to 500 °C, with a heating rate of 10 °C∙min−1.
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