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83 protocols using tem 2100

1

SEM-EDX Analysis of Microscopic Samples

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Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis was performed through SEM; a JEOL TEM-2100 connected to a CCD camera at an accelerating voltage of 30 kV was used to conduct an EDX analysis at the Central Laboratory, Electron Microscope Unit, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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2

Comprehensive Nanoparticle Characterization

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The morphology of nanoparticles was investigated by TEM (TEM-200CX, JEOL, Japan) and HRTEM (TEM-2100, JEOL) The UV–vis–NIR spectra of nanoparticles were recorded on a UV-vis spectrophotometer (UV3100, Shimadzu, Japan). The Zeta-potential, as well as the DLS profiles of corresponding nanoparticles, was measured at room temperature using a Zeta-sizer (Nano ZS, Malvern, United Kingdom). Surface element composition was investigated by XPS (K-Alfa, Thermo Fisher Scientific, United States) with a focused monochromatic Al X-ray (1486.6 eV) source. The concentration of tungsten in each sample was determined by ICP-MS (Agilent 7500ce, Agilent, United States).
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Characterizing Zinc Nanoparticle Synthesis

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The particle size and shape of the synthesized ZNP were explored using the scanning electron microscope (SEM, JSM-6701F Plus, JEOL) and transmission electron microscope (JEOL, TEM-2100, Japan) (Hassan et al. 2023 ). The ZNP dilute suspension was sonicated for about one h before the investigation to ensure the uniform dispersion of the particles. One or two drops of the sonicated suspension were dropped onto the grid and left for drying in the air before the examination.
The ZNPs particles were dispersed in distilled water (10 mg/mL). Following the protocol of Ramadan et al. (2022 ), a fresh suspension was prepared daily, and the suspensions were sonicated for 15 min with an ultrasonic cleaner (500 W, 42 kHz, 25 °C, FRQ-1010HT, Hangzhou, China). The prepared ZNPs suspension was stirred on a vortex agitator directly before animal administration. The earlier method has achieved high Zn dispersion stability (Thonglerth et al. 2022 ).
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4

Characterization of PM-PLGA-DOX/GEM Nanoparticles

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The morphological characteristics of PM–PLGA–DOX/GEM nanoparticles were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM-2100, JEOL, Japan). The diameter distribution was detected by dynamic light scattering (BI-9000AT, Brookhaven, USA). Drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) were analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Drug release behavior was determined by dynamic dialysis as described previously.28
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5

Morphological and Biochemical Bacterial Analysis

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The selected bacterial isolate was subjected to the standard morphological and biochemical tests, followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation. The surface of bacterial cells was gold-coated and examined at various magnifications using SEM and JEOL TEM-2100 attached to a CCD camera at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV.
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6

Comprehensive Characterization of Few-Layer Graphene

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X-ray diffraction (Bruker, Germany) analysis was performed to examine the crystalline structures of the samples in a scanning range from 10° to 80°. The interlayer spacings (d002), crystal sizes (La), and crystal heights (Lc) of the samples were calculated using the Debye–Scherer equation, and the g factor values were measured using the Marie and Meiring equation [36 (link)]. Raman spectroscopy (Horiba XploRA PLUS) evaluated the crystal structural order in the wavenumber range of 500–3000 cm−1 using a He-Ne laser at an exciting wavelength of 532 nm. Furthermore, the morphologies of the FLG samples were analyzed using TEM (JEOL TEM 2100) at 200 kV. HRTEM was employed to determine the microstructure characteristics of the FLG samples. The porous properties of the FLG samples were investigated using a Micromeritics TriStar II 3020 at a temperature of −273 °C. The pore size distributions of the samples were derived from the N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, which was assessed using the Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) model. The specific surface areas (SSA) were evaluated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method with a relative pressure (P/Po) of 0.001–1. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to determine the primary compositions of the FLG samples.
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7

Microstructural Deformation of Metallic Alloys

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In situ compression tests of Cu-Al micropillars were conducted inside a JEOL TEM 2100 operated at 200 kV, which is equipped with a Hysitron PI95 holder. The compression was carried out along the <001> direction of the pillar at a strain rate of 5 × 10−3 s−1 under displacement control mode. After compression, the TEM samples were sliced from the deformed pillars using Zeiss Auriga focused ion beam. Dark-field image mode was also adopted to provide a clear contrast of nanoscale deformation twins.
Tensile tests of 304L stainless steel samples were performed on an MTS CMT5205 universal testing machine under the strain rate of ~10−3 s−1 at room temperature. The postmortem deformation microstructures near the fracture surface were characterized using a FEI Titan G2 60-300 Cs-corrected TEM operating at 300 kV. Tensile tests of CoCrFeMnNi HEAs were performed with an engineering strain rate of approximate 10−3 s−1 on an Instron 5982 testing machine at 293 and 77 K, respectively. Before cryogenic tensile tests, the specimens were submerged in the liquid nitrogen for about 5 min; during the tensile test, specimens were completely immersed in the liquid nitrogen. The deformation microstructures were characterized using Zeiss Ultra Plus field emission gun scanning electron microscopy equipped with a transmission Kikuchi diffraction technique.
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8

Pea Root Anatomy Changes by Phytopathogens

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Changes in the anatomy in pea root due to the phytopathogen and bioagent treatments were studied in the root cross sections, after gold-coating, and examined by SEM (TEM-2100, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) connected to an accelerating voltage of 30 kV [30 (link)].
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9

Ultrastructural Analysis of Left Ventricle

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Sections from the left ventricle were cut into small pieces (0.5–1.0 mm3) for TEM ultrastructural analysis. Then, they were fixed in 2.5% phosphate-buffered glutaraldehyde (pH 7.4) followed by fixation in 1% osmium tetroxide in the same buffer at 4 °C, dehydrated, and embedded in epoxy resin. At the Electron Microscope Unit, Faculty of Agriculture, El Mansoura University, Egypt. Ultrathin sections were obtained using a Leica ultracut UCT, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, examined, and photographed using a JEOL TEM 2100, Transmission Electron Microscope (Jeol Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) (Tizro et al. 2019 ).
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10

Transmission Electron Microscopy of EVs

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EVs (10µL) were placed on formvar carbon-coated nickel grids (Ted Pella Inc;Cat.#:01813-F) and settled for 10mins. A droplet of paraformaldehyde (2%) was placed on parafilm, the grid placed on top for 10mins., contrasted in 2% uranyl acetate (BDH;Cat.#:230550), and imaged by JEOL TEM-2100.
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