Cleaved caspases 3

Gn-Rb1 was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Antibodies against gp91^phox, SOD₂, 3-nitrotyrosine, 4 hydroxynonenal, DRP1, DRP1 (phospho S637), DRP1 (phospho S616), Mitofusin 2, OPA1, Fis1, Histone H3, caspases-3, cleaved caspases-3, and VDAC1 were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). GAPDH, Bax, and Bcl-2 were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Nrf2, keap1, NQO1, HO1, Ndufs1, Ndufv1, Ndufs6, Ndufs4, Ndufv2, and Ndufa12 were obtained from Abmart (Shanghai, China). Dihydroethidium (DHE) wasobtained from Beyotime (Jiangsu, China).

Sal B was purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). Potassium chloride (KCl) was obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dihydroethidium (DHE) was from Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Protease inhibitor cocktail was from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against gp91^phox (1 : 1000, sc-130543), Keap1 (1 : 500, sc-515432), and NQO1 (1 : 500, sc-32793) were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); Cleaved caspases-3 (1 : 500, ab49822) and Nrf2 (1 : 1000, ab92946) were from Abcam (Cambridge, UK); HO-1(1 : 1000, AF1333) and Histone H3 (1 : 500, AF7101) were from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China); GAPDH (1 : 2000; #2118), Bax (1 : 1000, #14796), and Bcl-2 (1 : 1000, #3498) were from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA).