Pmod version 4

Manufactured by PMOD Technologies

Sourced in Switzerland

PMOD (version 4.0) is a software package for the analysis of functional imaging data. It provides a range of tools for the processing, kinetic modeling, and quantification of PET, SPECT, MRI, and CT data. The software supports the import of a variety of data formats and offers advanced features for image registration, segmentation, and statistical analysis.

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Lab products found in correlation

Skyra 3t mr scanner, by Siemens (1 mentions) Logiq e9, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)

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PMOD 4.0 (30 citations) PMOD (PMOD 4.01, (2 citations) PMOD version 4.0 image analysis software (2 citations)

7 protocols using pmod version 4

Multimodal PET Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease

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[18F]AV1451 tau PET imaging was conducted under the ADNI protocol (370 MBq (10 mCi); 30-minute dynamic scan, comprised of six 5-minute frames acquired 75 minutes post-injection). Using Pmod (version 4.2, Pmod Technologies LLC, Switzerland), we calculated standard uptake value ratio (SUVR; 75–115 min post-injection; inferior cerebellar gray matter reference region) on the voxel-level.
[18F]Florbetaben and [18F]Florbetapir ([18F]AV45) amyloid PET imaging was conducted under the ADNI protocol ([18F]Florbetaben: 300 MBq (8.1 mCi); four 5-minute frames acquired 90 minutes post-injection; [18F]Florbetapir: 370 MBq (10.0 mCi); four 5-minute frames acquired 50 minutes post-injection). Amyloid PET SUVR was calculated within a global composite ROI including Thal phase regions and was harmonized across amyloid PET tracers into the Centiloid scale as previously described [20 ].

Johnson A.S., Ziaggi G., Smith A.C., Houlihan H., Heuer L.B., Guzmán D.S., Okafor A., Huey E.D., Talmasov D., Provenzano F., Kreisl W.C, & Lao P.J. (2024). Psychotic symptoms are associated with elevated tau PET signal in the amygdala independent of Alzheimer’s disease clinical severity and amyloid burden. medRxiv.

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In Vivo PET Imaging of Mice and Rats

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All animal studies were conducted in accordance with the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines as well as the local animal protection law and were approved by the responsible authority. CD1, 3xTgAD mice and respective controls (sex: female, age: 9–13 months, Charles River Laboratories), as well as Sprague Dawley rats were purchased from established commercial vendors and kept under a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle, with ad libitum food and water. Animals were allowed to acclimatize for at least 1 week before the start of the experimental procedures. Mice and rats were anesthetized with isoflurane and scanned in a μPET/CT scanner (Sofie) for 60 min after tail-vein injection of ¹⁸F-CHL-2205. Data were reconstructed in user-defined time frames. Time–activity curves were calculated by PMOD, version 4.2 (PMOD Technologies), with predefined regions of interest as previously reported (67 (link)). Results are presented as area under the curve (AUC) from the respective time-activity curves (TACs) of standardized uptake values (SUVs), indicating the decay-corrected radioactivity per cm³, divided by the injected dose per gram body weight.

Haider A., Zhao C., Wang L., Xiao Z., Rong J., Xia X., Chen Z., Pfister S.K., Mast N., Yutuc E., Chen J., Li Y., Shao T., Warnock G.I., Dawoud A., Connors T.R., Oakley D.H., Wei H., Wang J., Zheng Z., Xu H., Davenport A.T., Daunais J.B., Van R.S., Shao Y., Wang Y., Zhang M.R., Gebhard C., Pikuleva I., Levey A.I., Griffiths W.J, & Liang S.H. (2022). Assessment of Cholesterol Homeostasis in the Living Human Brain. Science translational medicine, 14(665), eadc9967.

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PET Imaging of Hepatic Copper Uptake

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The scans were analyzed per protocol in PMOD (version 4.0, PMOD Technologies LLC). The amount of ⁶⁴Cu in the liver was determined by the mean SUV in five spherical volumes of interest (VOI) with a diameter of 20 mm placed in the right liver lobe. This is equivalent to approximately 1.5% of the total liver volume. These spherical VOIs were chosen for SUV quantification instead of the entire liver due to signal spill-out from other organs (in this case especially colon and gallbladder) and respiratory motion. The positions of the VOIs on each participant’s first scan were determined by the shape of the liver in the transverse plane. The same positions on the second scan were ensured by their relation to the right kidney and by comparing the liver shape in the two scans. The amount of ⁶⁴Cu in the gallbladder was determined using one VOI with a diameter of 10 mm in the center of the organ.
We calculated the percent of administered ⁶⁴Cu dose in the entire liver as previously described using the radioactivity measured in kilobecquerel per milliliter (kBq/mL) in the VOIs^{19 (link)}. This was done under the assumption that the uptake of ⁶⁴Cu was homogenous, hence the VOI radioactivity would be the same in the entire liver, and further that the liver volume could be calculated with the validated formula^{30 (link),31 (link)}:

L i v e r v o l u m e = {(\sqrt{b o d y s u r f a c e a r e a} \cdot 0.72 + 0.171)}^{3} \cdot 1000 .

Munk D.E., Lund Laursen T., Teicher Kirk F., Vilstrup H., Ala A., Gormsen L.C., Ott P, & Damgaard Sandahl T. (2022). Effect of oral zinc regimens on human hepatic copper content: a randomized intervention study. Scientific Reports, 12, 14714.

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Quantifying Muscle T2 Changes After Injury

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MR imaging was carried out before and 8 days after injury on a Siemens Skyra 3T-MR-scanner. Participants were placed supine, and an 18 element anterior coil was positioned over both thighs. Localizer images were acquired to define the length of the vastus lateralis muscle. T2 maps were acquired by a multiecho spin echo sequence with a field of view of 420 × 289 mm, matrix of 256 × 176, and 8 slices with thickness of 7 mm. Repetition time was 2.7 seconds and 16 echoes, and echo times from 20 ms to 320 ms were acquired. Scan time was 3 minutes. T2 maps were obtained by fitting an exponential function to the images. T2 signal was quantified in PMOD version4.0 (PMOD Technologies Ltd). A volume of interest was generated as 3–4 axial images in the middle of the vastus lateralis muscle, where the muscle is well-defined. Due to technical issues, data from only 26 individuals were obtained.

Jensen J.B., Dollerup O.L., Møller A.B., Billeskov T.B., Dalbram E., Chubanava S., Damgaard M.V., Dellinger R.W., Trošt K., Moritz T., Ringgaard S., Møller N., Treebak J.T., Farup J, & Jessen N. (2022). A randomized placebo-controlled trial of nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene supplementation in experimental muscle injury in elderly individuals. JCI Insight, 7(19), e158314.

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PET Imaging Regional Brain Analysis

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Reconstructed dynamic data were realigned for motion correction according to the process of frame-to-reference image registration in PMOD (version 4.0; PMOD Technologies Ltd.). These motion-corrected dynamic PET images were coregistered to T1-weighted MR images.
All T1-weighted MR images were automatically segmented using FreeSurfer 6.0, which is documented and freely available for download online (http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/). Regional time-activity curves were extracted from the following volumes of interest [18] [19] [20] : the cerebellar cortex, thalamus, caudate, putamen, hippocampus, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital, cingulate, cerebral white matter, midbrain, and pons.

Takahata K., Seki C., Kimura Y., Kubota M., Ichise M., Sano Y., Yamamoto Y., Tagai K., Shimada H., Kitamura S., Matsuoka K., Endo H., Shinotoh H., Kawamura K., Zhang M.R., Takado Y, & Higuchi M. (2022). First-in-human in vivo imaging and quantification of monoacylglycerol lipase in the brain: a PET study with ¹⁸F-T-401. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 49(9).

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Thyroid lobe ultrasound imaging protocols

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US was performed on the LOGIQ E9 device (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA). Separate scans of each thyroid lobe (left and right) were acquired. ConUS was conducted with the linear matrix array ML6-15 according to a local standard operating procedure [7 (link)]. For 3DsnUS, a magnetic field and specific position sensors equipped to the ML6-15 probe were necessary. For 3DmsUS an automated mechanically swept 3D convex probe (RAB4-8) was used. The methodology of these 3D-US applications has been described in several previous publications [14 (link),19 (link),20 (link)]. All 3D-US data sets were transferred to the research software PMOD (Version 4.1, PMOD Technologies Ltd., Zürich, Switzerland). Examination settings and acquired data sets are depictured in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
The parameter settings for the two investigated 3D-US applications are shown in Table 1.

Seifert P., Ullrich S.L., Kühnel C., Gühne F., Drescher R., Winkens T, & Freesmeyer M. (2023). Optimization of Thyroid Volume Determination by Stitched 3D-Ultrasound Data Sets in Patients with Structural Thyroid Disease. Biomedicines, 11(2), 381.

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Tumor Metabolism Assessment via FDG-PET Imaging in Rats

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The animals were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane inhalation during PET imaging. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) was intravenously injected into rats, and PET imaging was performed using a Siemens Inveon PET scanner (Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Knoxville, TN, USA). Imaging was performed for 20 min, 1 h after intravenous FDG injection to confirm the change in tumor metabolism using glucose. The injected dose was 48.25±1.95 MBq per rat. PET images were analyzed using the PMOD software (PMOD version 4.1, PMOD Technologies Ltd., Zurich, Switzerland).

Park J., Kong C., Shin J., Park J.Y., Na Y.C., Han S.H., Chang J.W., Song S.H, & Chang W.S. (2023). Combined Effects of Focused Ultrasound and Photodynamic Treatment for Malignant Brain Tumors Using C6 Glioma Rat Model. Yonsei Medical Journal, 64(4), 233-242.

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