Urine albumin concentration was measured by ELISA using an Albuwell M kit (Exocell, Philadelphia, PA) as described previously (Awad, You, Gao, Gvritishvili, et al., 2015 ). Urine creatinine was measured using Diazyme Creatinine Assay (Diazyme Laboratories, Poway, CA) (Awad et al., 2011 ; Awad, You, Gao, Cooper, et al., 2015 ). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was determined using a QuantiChrom urea assay kit (BioAssay Systems, Hayward, CA) as previously described (You et al., 2017 ). Mouse systolic pressures were measured using CODA Non‐invasive Blood Pressure system (Kent Scientific Corporation, Torrington CT) as previously described (Awad, You, Gao, Gvritishvili, et al., 2015 ). Mice were acclimated for 10 min at 26°C before readings began. Readings were taken at the same time of day for all groups to prevent any diurnal variations.
Albuwell m kit
Manufactured by Exocell
Sourced in United States
The Albuwell M kit is a laboratory equipment product that provides a method for the quantitative determination of albumin in urine samples. It functions as a diagnostic tool to measure the concentration of albumin, a protein found in the blood that can indicate various health conditions when present in urine.
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Lab products found in correlation
Creatinine companion kit, by Exocell (7 mentions)
Quantichrom urea assay kit, by BioAssay Systems (4 mentions)
Creatinine companion, by Exocell (3 mentions)
Bp 2000 blood pressure analysis system, by Visitech (3 mentions)
Enzymatic assay, by BioAssay Systems (2 mentions)
Tnfr2 quantikine elisa kits, by R&D Systems (2 mentions)
Mouse tnf α elisa ready set go kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Pierce bca protein assay kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Colorimetric detection kit, by Arbor Assays (2 mentions)
Onetouch glucometer, by LifeScan (2 mentions)
Ultra test strips, by LifeScan (2 mentions)
Coda non invasive blood pressure system, by Kent Scientific (1 mentions)
Contour ts meter glucometer, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Lipopolysaccharides (lps), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Em uc7, by Leica (1 mentions)
H 7600, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Coda blood pressure system, by Kent Scientific (1 mentions)
Bp 98a, by Softron (1 mentions)
Contour blood glucose meter, by Bayer (1 mentions)
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37 protocols using albuwell m kit
1
Renal Function and Blood Pressure Measurements
2
Urine Biomarkers and Body Composition in Mice
3
Urine Biomarkers and Body Composition in Mice
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Urine albumin was measured by ELISA using an Albuwell M kit (Exocell, Philadelphia, PA) as described previously.15 (link),41 (link),42 (link) Urine and plasma creatinine was determined using an enzymatic assay (Diazyme Laboratories, Poway, CA) as described previously.15 (link),41 (link),42 (link) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was determined using QuantiChrom Urea Assay Kit (BioAssay Systems cat#DIUR-500).15 (link),41 (link),42 (link) Body composition was measured using a LF90 Minispec Time Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer (Burker Optics, Billerica, MA) as described previously.15 (link),73 Kidney TNF-α protein was determined using mouse TNF-α Elisa Ready-SET-GO kit according to manufacturer's protocol (eBioscience, cat #88-7324). Kidney TNFR1 and TNFR2 proteins were determined using mouse TNFR1 and TNFR2 Quantikine Elisa kits according to manufacturer's protocol (R&D System, cat #MRT10 and MTR20; respectively).
4
STZ-Induced Diabetes Biomarker Analysis
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A week after STZ injection, blood samples were collected from the tail vein under anesthesia and subsequently serum glucose concentrations were evaluated using a Contour TS Meter Glucometer (Bayer Diagnostics, Leverkusen, Germany). Serum transferrin level was measured using an ELISA kit (Huamei Biology, Wuhan, China). At the end of the experiment, the rats were sedated, and blood was drawn from their hearts for further measurements. The levels of serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured using ELISA kits (MBbiology, Nanjing, China) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Urine albumin and creatinine levels were measured by using Albuwell M kit and the Creatinine Companion kit (Exocell, Philadelphia, PA, USA), respectively, based on the manufacturer’s instructions.
5
Investigating Proteinuria Induced by LPS
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Transient proteinuria was induced by LPS injection as described54 (link). We injected 4- to 6-week-old female C57BL/6 (n=18), Itsn2+/L− (n=10), and Itsn2L−/L− (n=10) mice with LPS (200 µg intraperitoneally (i.p.); SIGMA Aldrich). Urine samples were obtained from individual mice at various time points before (0 h) and after (12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h) the injection of LPS. Urinary albumin and creatinine were measured using an Albuwell M kit and the creatinine companion kit (Exocell) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Albuminuria was calculated as micrograms of albumin per milligram creatinine. Kidneys were dissected from WT and Itsn2-L−/− mice 24 and 48 h after LPS injection. Specimens for EM were fixed with 2% PFA and 2.5% glutaraldehyde, washed with 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, and incubated with 1% OsO4 for 90 min. The sections were counterstained with 1% uranyl acetate for 50 min, dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol (50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 95%), and finally embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections (80 nm) were cut with a Leica EM UC7 (Leica) and mounted in copper grids. Images were obtained using a transmission electron microscope (H-7600; Hitachi High-Technologies). The mice experiments were not blinded.
6
Measurement of Renal and Metabolic Parameters in Mice
7
Comprehensive Metabolic Monitoring in Murine Model
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Body weight (BW), fasting glucose, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations, and urinary albumin excretion were serially monitored every 4 weeks. Glucose levels in blood obtained from the retro-orbital sinus were measured using a Roche Glucotrend® 2 monitor (Roche, Germany). Blood pressure was measured by a non-invasive tail cuff and pulse transducer system (Softron BP-98A, Tokyo, Japan) after the mice were externally pre-warmed to 37°C for 10 min. Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations were enzymatically determined by a VITROS 950 automatic biochemistry analyzer (Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ). Urinary albumin concentrations were examined by an immunospecific ELISA (Albuwell M kit; Exocell Inc., Philadelphia, PA), and all samples were individually adjusted for creatinine excretion (Creatinine Companion; Exocell Inc., Philadelphia, PA). For morphometric studies, the kidneys were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and subsequently embedded in paraffin. The 3-μm sections of paraffin-embedded tissues were stained with periodic acid-Schiff.
8
Urinary Albumin-Creatinine Ratio in rpS6 Mice
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Urine samples from rpS6P−/− mice and rpS6P+/+ mice were collected for the measurement of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, with urine samples from podocyte-specific mVps34 knockout mice at 2-3 weeks of age as positive control (our recent study revealed that these knockout mice develop proteinuria after 2 weeks of age32 (link)). Urine albumin concentration was determined by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an Albuwell M kit (Exocell, Philadelphia, PA). Urine creatinine concentration was measured by Jaffe’s reaction of alkaline picrate with creatinine using a Creatinine Companion kit (Exocell, Philadelphia, PA). All measurements were performed in triplicate, and the ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine (micrograms per milligram) was calculated. Results are expressed as the means ± SEM (n=5).
9
Urinary Albumin-Creatinine Ratio in rpS6 Mice
10
Metabolic Monitoring in Animal Model
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Body weight and tail blood glucose were measured and collected twice a week. Twenty-four-hour urine sample collections were performed using metabolic cages. Urine albumin concentrations and serum creatinine were tested using an Albuwell M kit and a creatinine assay kit (Exocell Inc.) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, respectively.
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