Aluminum hydroxide gel

Manufactured by InvivoGen

Sourced in United States

Aluminum hydroxide gel is a type of laboratory equipment used as an adjuvant in various applications. It serves as a mineral-based carrier for enhancing the immune response in immunological studies and vaccine development.

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Lab products found in correlation

Ovalbumin (ova), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ne u11b, by Omron (2 mentions) Dexamethasone (dex), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ova grade 5, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Complete freund s adjuvant, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Luciferase assay reagent, by Promega (1 mentions) Ovalbumin (ova), by InvivoGen (1 mentions) Cpg odn, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Poly 1 c, by InvivoGen (1 mentions) Addavax, by InvivoGen (1 mentions) Nano sio2, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pam3csk4, by InvivoGen (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Aluminum hydroxide (8 citations) Aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant (4 citations) Aldydrogel 2% aluminum hydroxide gel (2 citations) Aluminum hydroxide gel (alum, (2 citations)

7 protocols using aluminum hydroxide gel

OVA-Induced Asthma Model and CTS Treatment

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Mice were randomly separated into the following five groups: control group (n = 8), OVA group (ovalbumin, Sigma Co., St. Louis, MO, USA; n = 8), OVA+CTS 20 (CTS 20 mg/kg; Abcam, ab120666; Purity > 97% with chemical structure shown in Figure 1A; n = 8), OVA+CTS 40 (CTS 40 mg/kg; n = 8), and OVA+DEX (dexamethasone 1 mg/kg; Sigma Co., St. Louis, MO, USA; n = 8). The mice were sensitized on day 0, 7, and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 20 µg OVA emulsified in 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide gel (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA) in a total volume of 200 µl. These sensitized mice were exposed to aerosolized 5% OVA in sterile saline for three times (30 min each time) a week for 8 weeks beginning on day 16. The mice were placed in chambers (18×14×8 cm) connected to an ultrasonic nebulizer (NE-U11B; Omron Corp., Tokyo, Japan) to obtain a whole-body inhalation. CTS and DEX were administered through intraperitoneal injection at 30 min before nebulization (Figure 1B). Control mice were sensitized and challenged with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) using the same protocol. The mice were sacrificed at 48 h after the last challenge, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected for analysis.

Wang C., Zheng M., Choi Y., Jiang J., Li L., Li J., Xu C., Xian Z., Li Y., Piao H., Li L, & Yan G. (2019). Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Airway Remodeling by Inhibiting Crosstalk Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Signaling Pathways in Asthma. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10, 1338.

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Investigating Galangin's Effects on Allergic Asthma

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Figure 1B shows a schematic illustration of the protocols. In total, 48 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the following 6 groups: control, OVA (Grade V; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), OVA+GL (galangin 0.1 mg/kg; Sigma), OVA+GH (galangin 0.5 mg/kg), OVA+DEX (1 mg/kg; Sigma), and OVA + DMSO (0.4 μL in a total volume of 200 μL with saline, vehicle; Sigma). The mice were sensitised on days 0, 7 and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 20 μg OVA emulsified in 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide gel (Invivo-Gen, San Diego, CA, USA) in a total volume of 200 μL. These sensitised mice were exposed to aerosolised 5% OVA in sterile saline for 8 weeks beginning on day 16 for 30 min three times a week. We placed the mice in chambers (51 × 31 × 21 cm) connected to an ultrasonic nebuliser (NE-U11B; OmronCorp., Tokyo, Japan) to obtain a whole-body inhalation system. Galangin (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg), DEX and DMSO were administered 30 min before nebulisation. Control subjects were sensitised and challenged with saline using the same protocol. The mice were sacrificed 24 h after the last challenge, and BALF, sera, and lung tissues were collected for analysis.

Liu Y.N., Zha W.J., Ma Y., Chen F.F., Zhu W., Ge A., Zeng X.N, & Huang M. (2015). Galangin attenuates airway remodelling by inhibiting TGF-β1-mediated ROS generation and MAPK/Akt phosphorylation in asthma. Scientific Reports, 5, 11758.

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Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Model with PEDF

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Thirty two mice were randomly divided into the control, OVA, PEDF low and PEDF high groups. On Days 0 and 14, the mice in the OVA, PEDF low, and PEDF high groups were immunized by intraperitoneal injection of 100 µg of chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA, Grade V; Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) emulsified in 100 µL of aluminum hydroxide gel (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA). On day 21, the mice were placed in a Plexiglas box (29×22×18 cm) and were airway challenged with 1% aerosolized OVA for 30 minutes per day, 3 days per week, for a period of 8 weeks. The mice in the PEDF low and high groups were given injections via the tail vein with 50 or 100 µg/kg body weight of recombinant PEDF protein13 (link) (Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ, USA) before each OVA challenge. The mice in the control group received sensitization and airway challenge with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) instead of OVA.

Zha W., Su M., Huang M., Cai J, & Du Q. (2015). Administration of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Inhibits Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Chronic OVA-Induced Mice via VEGF Suppression. Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research, 8(2), 161-169.

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Purification and Formulation of SARS-CoV-2 NP

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NP of SARS-CoV-2 (418 amino acids) was cloned and purified from E. coli as previously reported [26 (link)]. This protein was mixed at a ratio of 9 : 1 with aluminum hydroxide gel (InvivoGen).

Kuwentrai C., Yu J., Zhang B.Z., Hu Y.F., Dou Y., Gong H.R., Huang J.D, & Xu C. (2021). Induction of Humoral and Cellular Immunity by Intradermal Delivery of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Using Dissolvable Microneedles. Journal of Immunology Research, 2021, 5531220.

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CpG-ODN Adjuvant Immunization Protocol

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CpG-ODN were purchased from Invitrogen or Genomics Biosci and Tech. Ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide gel were purchased from Invivogen. Freund’s complete adjuvant and incomplete adjuvant were purchased from Thermo Scientific. Luciferase assay reagents were purchased from Promega.

Chuang T.H., Lai C.Y., Tseng P.H., Yuan C.J, & Hsu L.C. (2014). Development of CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides for Effective Activation of Rabbit TLR9 Mediated Immune Responses. PLoS ONE, 9(9), e108808.

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Immunization Protocol for IsdB Antigen

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Mice were immunized i.p. three times with IsdB (75μg, 50μg and 50μg) plus aluminum hydroxide (Aluminum hydroxide gel, InvivoGen, vac-alu-250) (450μg per dose) or with aluminum hydroxide alone at 7-day intervals. Mouse sera were screened for reactivity to IsdB by ELISA.

Tsai C.M., Caldera J., Hajam I.A., Chiang A.W., Tsai C.H., Li H., Lázaro Díez M., Gonzalez C., Trieu D., Martins G.A., Underhill D.M., Arditi M., Lewis N.E, & Liu G.Y. (2022). Non-protective immune imprint underlies failure of Staphylococcus aureus IsdB vaccine. Cell host & microbe, 30(8), 1163-1172.e6.

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Influenza A Virus Vaccine Adjuvant Evaluation

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The influenza A virus (A/New Caledonia/20/99; H1N1) SV and WPV were generously provided by the Kitasato Institute (Tokyo, Japan). WPV (whole-virion preparation of an inactivated influenza virus comprising three different types of inactivated whole-virion components: A/Newcaledonia/20/99 (H₁N₁), A/Hiroshima/52/2005 (H₃N₂), and B/Malaysia/2506/2004) used for leukopenic toxicity test were obtained from KM Biologics Co., Ltd. (Kumamoto, Japan). The following commercially available adjuvants were used: Aluminum hydroxide gel (Alhydrogel, alum), squalene-based oil-in-water adjuvant AddaVax, murine stimulator of interferon genes (STING) ligand DMXaa, toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2) agonist Pam3CSK4, TLR3 agonist Poly I:C, and TLR7/8 agonist R848 obtained from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA). Silicon dioxide nanopowder (NanoSiO₂, particle size 10–20 nm) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (MA, USA). The TLR9 agonist CpG K3 was generously provided by Prof. Ken J Ishii (The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan).
The dose and inoculation volume of influenza vaccine antigens and adjuvants are outlined in Table 2. The appropriate quantity of each adjuvant was mixed with SV and the final volume was unified in each experiment, as described in Table 2. Intranasal inoculation was performed after anesthetization by intraperitoneal injection of sodium phenobarbital.

Sasaki E., Asanuma H., Momose H., Furuhata K., Mizukami T, & Hamaguchi I. (2020). Immunogenicity and Toxicity of Different Adjuvants Can Be Characterized by Profiling Lung Biomarker Genes After Nasal Immunization. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 2171.

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