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2 protocols using anti alpha smooth muscle actin α sma

1

Quantification and Analysis of Protein Expression

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The prepared protein samples were quantified using the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit (CWBIO Corporation) and protein extraction kit (Beijing ComWin Biotech Co., Ltd.). Next, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to divide and transfer the protein samples to the Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) membranes. The cells were incubated in 5% skim milk for 1 hour to block non-specific binding. Subsequently, the membranes were probed with primary antibodies at 4 ℃ overnight and with horseradish peroxidase–linked anti-rabbit (cat. no. ab6721; 1:2000; Abcam) secondary antibody on the following day. The enhanced chemiluminescence detection system was used to visualize the protein bands, and band intensity was determined using LI-COR Image Studio v5.2.5 Software (LI-COR Biosciences). The value was normalized to GAPDH. Anti-TGFβ1 (cat. No. 21898-1-AP; 1:1,000; Proteintech), anti- alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; cat. No. #19245; 1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology), and anti-GAPDH (cat. No. ab9485; 1:2,500; Abcam) were used.
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2

Fibrosis Signaling Pathway Modulation

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BLM and the JNK inhibitor (SP600125) were obtained from Selleck China Inc. (Shanghai, China). TGF-β1 was purchased from PeproTech China Inc. (Suzhou, China). Azithromycin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (Shanghai, China). The primary antibodies we used are as follows: anti-vimentin (Proteintech, 60330-1-Ig), anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (Proteintech, 14395-1-AP), anti-Collagen 1 (Proteintech, 14695-1-AP), anti-LOX (Proteintech, 17958-1-AP), anti-LOXL2 (Abcam, 96233), anti-TGF-β1 (Proteintech, 21898-1-AP), anti-Smad2 (Cell Signaling Technology, 5339), anti-Smad3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9523), anti-phospho (P)-smad2 (Cell Signaling Technology, 3108), anti-P-smad3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9520), anti-JNK (Proteintech, 66210-1-Ig), anti-c-Jun (Proteintech, 66313-1-Ig), anti-P-JNK (Proteintech, 80024-1-RR), anti-P-cJun (Proteintech, 28891-1-AP), anti-α-tubulin (Proteintech, 66031-1-Ig), and anti-GAPDH (Proteintech, 60004-1-Ig). The dilution ratio of all antibodies was 1:1000.
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