Dulbeco s modified eagle medium dmem

Apo-B-α-LA was procured from Sigma Aldrich Chem. Co., and used in all the experiments without further purification. The lanthanum perchlorate salt was prepared starting from lanthanum oxides followed by treating the reaction mixture with perchloric acid and recrystallizing the product. A 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4 was used for all the experiments unless otherwise mentioned.
Both the healthy and the cancer cells used in the present study were obtained from National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India. Dulbeco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and DMEM without phenol red, Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS), Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) and coverslips for fluorescence microscopy were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Caspase 3/7 green detection reagent was procured from Thermo Fischer scientific.

Testes were collected from 3 litters of 4 male pigs on different farrowing dates for n = 24 testes, n = 12 pigs, and n = 3 litters. Testes from each litter were sterilized in 70% ethanol twice for 30 s each and stored in sterile HBSS on ice for transit. Testis were chopped vigorously by hand in a sterile hood for roughly 10 min, and then collagenase and trypsin digestions and filtration were used to isolate NPSC from testicular tissue, as previously described [4 (link)]. NPSC were cultured on 150 mm tissue culture plates (Corning Inc., Corning, NJ, USA) using Dulbeco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM, Sigma-Aldrich, Burlington, MA, USA) media containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) as described below.

For the isolation of SARS-CoV-2, nasopharyngeal swabs (n = 780)s were collected from different areas of Punjab Province from March, 2020 to November, 2021 in a viral transport medium (VTM) kit (Copan Diagnostics, Murrieta, CA, USA). The samples were tested using real-time PCR (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at the Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) facility at the Institute of Microbiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. A total of 20 nasopharyngeal swab samples with Ct < 25 were selected and processed for the isolation of SARS-CoV-2.
The Vero-E6 cell line (African monkey green kidney cells (ATCC CRL-1586)) was procured from the Defense Science and Technology Organization (DESTO) Pakistan and cultured in Dulbeco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Sigma–Aldrich Company, Burlington, MA, USA). The medium was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA). Penicillin (100 IU/mL), streptomycin (100 µg/mL) and amphotericin B (250 μg/mL) (Biological Industries, Kibbutz Beit-Haemek, Israel) were added to the media to avoid contamination.
The representative samples were diluted and inoculated on a Vero-E6 cell line having 80% confluent monolayer and agitated gently for 1 h at 37 °C for adsorption. The DMEM media was added and kept at 37 °C in the presence of 5% CO₂. The flask was observed for cytopathic effects (CPEs) daily.