Icap rq system

Manganese chloride tetrahydrate (99%), oleic acid (tech, 90%) and 1-Octadecene (tech, 90%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Sodium oleate was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. All reagents were used without further purification.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the related high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images were performed on a FEI Tecnai G2 F20 microscope (accelerating voltage, 200 kV) and a Hitachi HT7700 Exalens microscope (accelerating voltage, 120 kV). The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of the nanoparticles were acquired on a D/MAX-Ultima VI X-ray powder diffractometer (Rigaku Co., Japan). The X-ray absorption spectra (XPS) were conducted at an Escalab 250Xi X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (Thermo Scientific). The hysteresis loops at 300 K were recorded by the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) were measured by Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments Ltd., England). The measurement of relaxivity and phantom imaging at 0.5 T were all performed on an NMI20-Analyst system. In vivo MRI were performed on 7 T micro MRI System. The concentrations of metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) on an iCAP RQ system (Thermo Fisher).

ICP-MS was used to determine the amount of ions released into the medium containing the virus during contact with the surface of interest. Dilutions were adjusted to a calibration range between 1 and 100 ppb, which represents the higher concentration part of the linear calibration curve. In accordance with the calibration measurements, the samples were acidified with 2% HNO₃. For allowing multiple measurements or to further adjust the dilution of the same sample, 10 mL sample solution were obtained by adding 300 µL of an ultra-pure 69% HNO₃ (Roth, Supra quality), thorough mixing and filling up to 10 mL to adjust an acid concentration of 2%. The samples were analyzed with an iCAP RQ system from Thermo Fisher Scientific in KED mode.