Type 2 collagenase

The ssDNA strands (Table 1) that were designed with our sequences were synthesized by Takara (Otsu, Japan). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin–streptomycin solution, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 0.25% (w/v) trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution, type II collagenase, and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) were obtained from GE Healthcare (Little Chalfont, UK). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from MP Biomedicals (California, USA). Wogonin was obtained from Coolaber (China, Beijing). Tris-HCl, MgCl₂, bicinchoninic acid (BCA), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were acquired from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA). The culture vessels and culture plates were procured from Corning (NY, USA). Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes were acquired from Millipore (MA, USA). Antibodies (COL-II and AGC) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Phalloidin and DAPI were obtained from Cytoskeleton (Denver, USA). The 4% paraformaldehyde solution was acquired from Solarbio (Beijing, China). The SYBR® Green I polymerase chain reaction (PCR) master mix, RNeasy® Plus Mini Kit, and DNase I were obtained from Takara (Tokyo, Japan).