For the identification, supernatants of the centrifuged culture media and Camelina seedling extracts were used. Screening and quantification were carried out using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-electrospray-mass spectrometer (MS) consisting of an ACQUITY UPLC system equipped with a Xevo TQ-S triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (Waters, Eschborn, Germany) using a Nucleodur C18 Gravity-SB column (150 × 3 mm, 3 µm; Macherey-Nagel, Düren, Germany) thermostated to 25 °C. The 59 min gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1 mL/min with Millipore water (Millipore GmbH, Schwalbach, Germany) with 0.1% formic acid (pH 3.0) as solvent A and acetonitril with 0.1% formic acid as solvent B (VWR International GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany, LC-MS grade). The mass spectra were recorded with an ESCi source in positive and negative full scan mode.
Formic acid
Manufactured by Avantor
Sourced in United States, Germany, France, Poland, United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Netherlands, Ireland, Portugal, Hungary
Formic acid is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound with the formula HCOOH. It is the simplest carboxylic acid and is used in various industrial and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Avantor (102 mentions)
Methanol, by Avantor (75 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Avantor (29 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (23 mentions)
Ammonium formate, by Merck Group (17 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (17 mentions)
Ammonium formate, by Avantor (16 mentions)
Ethanol, by Avantor (16 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (15 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Avantor (13 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Avantor (12 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Avantor (12 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Chloroform, by Avantor (12 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Acetone, by Avantor (11 mentions)
339 protocols using formic acid
1
Camelina Metabolite Profiling
2
Phytochemical Extraction and Quantification
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Chemicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine), reagents (Folin–Ciocalteu reagent), standards: caffeic acid, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, apigenin, sakuranetin, chrysin, naringenin, taxifolin, pinobanksin, pinocembrin were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA), and buffer components (chloroform, ethyl acetate, formic acid, ethanol, acetonitrile, formic acid) were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials Poland SA (APM, Gliwice, Poland).
3
Simulated Fresh Drinking Water Preparation
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Sodium rhodizonate dibasic (97%), hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(iv ) hydrate (H2PtCl6·3H2O ≥99.9%), and MO were purchased from Amresco and Kimtech KWP was purchased Fisher Scientific, USA. Formic acid (≥98%) was purchased from BDH Chemicals while H2 gas (99.99%) was obtained from Matheson Tri-Gas. Milli-Q water (>18.20 MI cm resistivity) was obtained from a Milli-Q (Advantage A-10) water filter system. The simulated fresh drinking water was prepared following the Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT) protocol. In detail, 252 mg L−1 NaHCO3, 147 mg L−1 CaCl2·.2H2O, 124 mg L−1 MgSO4·7H2O, 95 mg L−1 Na2SiO3·9H2O, 12 mg L−1 NaNO3, 2.2 mg L−1 NaF, and 0.18 mg L−1 NaH2PO4·H2O were dissolved in deionized water to achieve the simulated FDW.
4
Formulation and Characterization of Propofol Nanoemulsions
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Propofol (purity 99.9%) was obtained from Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Dhaka, Bangladesh). Zanthoxylum rhetsa seed oil (ZRO) was collected by a steam distillation process from naturally obtained seeds (no organic solvent was used). Medium-chain triglycerides (carbon chain length 8–12), Miglyol 810 (M810), and corn oil (CO) were purchased from Sasol Germany GmbH (Werk, Witten, Germany). Capmul MCM (C10) mono/diglycerides of capric acid were purchased from Abitec Corp. Janesville, USA. Maisine 35–1 (long-chain monoglycerides) was obtained from Gattefosse SAS, (Saint-Priest, France). Kolliphor ELP and Kolliphor HS15 were purchased from BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich, USA. HPLC-grade acetonitrile, methanol, formic acid, and phosphoric acid were obtained from BDH Chemicals Ltd., Poole, UK. Milli-Q water was obtained through a Milli-Q Integral Water Purification System (Millipore, Bedford, MA). All other reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification.
5
HPLC Reagent Preparation Protocol
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High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade methanol and acetonitrile were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), and formic acid, acetic acid and ammonium formate were obtained from BDH Laboratory Supplies (Poole, UK). N-Acetyl-l -Leucine was obtained from Laboratories Pierre Fabre and dissolved directly to incubation buffer at the highest incubation concentration on the day of incubations. N-Acetyl-d -Leucine and all other chemicals were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Helsinki, Finland) at the highest purity available. Water was in-house freshly prepared with a Direct-Q3 (Millipore Oy, Espoo, Finland) purification system and UP grade (ultra-pure, 18.2 MΩ).
6
Quantification of Melatonin in Fruit Juices
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All solvents and reagents used were of analytical grade or higher. Melatonin standard was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Corporation (St. Louis, MO, USA). Five juices including apple juice, lychee juice, guava juice, tomato juice, and orange juice were purchased from a local supermarket. Solvents used included HPLC-grade acetonitrile and methanol (VWR Scientific, Mississauga, Canada). Analytical-reagent grade formic acid, NaOH and HCl were purchased from BDH Chemicals (Poole, UK). HPLC grade water was prepared by reverse osmosis with purification through a Barnstead™ Pacific TII Water Purification System and filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane filter (Whatman, USA) before use.
7
Analytical Reagent Procurement for Research
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Nitric acid was purchased from BDH chemicals (Gyeonggi-do, Korea), hydrogen peroxide from BDH chemicals (Leuven, Belgium), multi-element standard from BDH chemicals (Fomlenay-Sous-Bios, France), sodium chloride anhydrous from BDH chemicals (Tolderlundsvej, Denmark) and formic acid, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, disodium hydrogen citrate sesquihydrate, tri-sodium citrate dehydrate, magnesium sulphate were all from BDH Chemicals (Caton, United Kingdom).
8
Bioavailability Enhancement of Lipophilic Drugs
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The model drugs, SN (purity 99.9%) and DN, reference standard (purity >99.8%) were obtained as a gift from Renata (former Pfizer), and Concord Pharmaceuticals Ltd (Dhaka, Bangladesh), respectively. BSO was extracted directly by cold pressing method (mentioned in the method section) from naturally obtained Nigella sativa seeds. Capmul MCM (C10) mono-/di-glycerides of capric acid was purchased from Abitec Corp. (Janesville, USA). Soybean oil (SBO; long chain triglycerides) was obtained from John L. Seaton and Co. Ltd. (North Humberside, UK). Maisine 35-1 (long chain mono-glycerides) was donated by Gattefosse SAS, (Saint Priest, France). Cremophor EL was purchased from BASF, (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Porcine pancreatin (8XUSP specifications) was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). HPLC grade methanol, acetonitrile, formic acid, and phosphoric acid were obtained from BDH Chemicals Ltd., (Poole, UK). High purity deionized water was obtained through a Milli-Q Integral Water Purification System (Millipore, Bedford, MA). All other reagents were used as of analytical grade without further purification.
9
Rosuvastatin Quantification in Plasma and Milk
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The pure forms of rosuvastatin powder and rosuvastatin-d3 powder (Toronto Research Chemicals Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada) were used as a reference standard and an internal standard (IS), respectively. Control and standard samples were prepared using human plasma (Red Cross Australia) and human milk. Acetonitrile (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) was used for the protein precipitation and mobile phase. Formic acid (BDH Chemicals Ltd., Poole, England) and MilliQ water (Sartorius Stedim Biotech, Goettingen, Germany) were used to prepare the mobile phase.
10
Comprehensive Chemical Reagents for Research
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Milli-Q water (purified by Elix® S water purification with Q-Gard® 1 Purification Cartridge, Merck, Germany), chloroform, methanol and ethanol (HPLC grade, Sigma-Aldrich, United States), ethyl acetate, toluene and glacial acetic acid (HPLC grade, Fisher Scientific, United Kingdom), formic acid (ACS reagent, 98%, BDH Chemicals Ltd., United Kingdom), DMSOd6, ≥99.0% (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., United States), PBS buffer pH 7.4, D-MEM, penicillin-streptomycin 10,000 U/ml, FBS and Trypan blue stain 0.4% (Gibco, Stockholm, Sweden), MTT ≥ 97.5% HPLC grade, DMSO anhydrous ≥99.9%, DMSO Hybri-Max® (Sigma-Aldrich, United States), H2O2 (HPLC grade, Sigma-Aldrich, United States/analytical grade, Carl Roth, Germany), HNO3 (analytical grade, Carl Roth, Germany), HCl (analytical grade, Carl Roth, Germany), phosphoric acid (≥98%, ACROS Organic, United States), RotiStar ICP-standard matrix: 5% HNO3 (Carl Roth, Germany).
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