Elix 3 system

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

The Elix 3 system is a water purification device designed by Merck Group. It provides high-quality ultrapure water for laboratory applications. The system uses a combination of filtration and deionization technologies to remove impurities from the water supply, producing water that meets specific purity standards.

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Lab products found in correlation

8 protocols using elix 3 system

Analytical Detection of Organic Compounds

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Sodium chloride (Polish Chemical Reagents, Gliwice, Poland); Igepal^® CA-630 (according to IUPAC octylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol; C₈H₁₇––O(CH₂CH₂O)₈CHCH₂OH; CAS Number 9002-93-1; HLB = 13) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany); sodium azide (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany); purified water (System Elix 3, Millipore, Bedford, USA); carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄; J.T Baker, Deventer, Holland); 1,4-dinitrobenzene (DNB); Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany); in flame-ionization detection; ultra-high purity hydrogen, ultra-high purity nitrogen; and synthetic air (TEMIS) were used [7 (link)].

Krenczkowska D., Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska K., Wielgomas B., Bazar D, & Jankowski Z. (2020). Ex Vivo Human Skin is not a Barrier for Cyclic Siloxanes (Cyclic Silicones): Evidence of Diffusion, Bioaccumulation, and Risk of Dermal Absorption Using a New Validated GC-FID Procedure. Pharmaceutics, 12(6), 586.

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Characterization of Organic Compounds

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All chemicals were used as received from commercial sources (Acros Organics — Geel, Belgium; Alfa-Aesar—Ward Hill, MA, USA; Sigma-Aldrich — Steinheim, Germany; or Polish Chemical Reagents—Gliwice, Poland) and used without further purification. Distilled water was obtained from System Elix 3 (Millipore, Bedford, USA). All nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Varian Mercury-VX 300 MHz, Bruker Avance III HD 400 MHz, or Varian Unity Plus 500 MHz spectrometers at 25 °C. Chemical shifts (δ) are given in parts per million (ppm) and internally referenced to CD₃OD (¹H: δ = 3.31 ppm; ¹³C: δ = 49.00 ppm) or DMSO-d₆ (¹H: δ = 2.50 ppm) signals. Splitting patterns are designated as s (singlet), bs (broad singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), or m (multiplet), the coupling constants (J) are reported in Hertz (Hz). The IR (KBr pellets) spectra were recorded on a Thermo Scientific Nicolet 380 FT-IR spectrometer. Melting points were determined on an X-4 melting point apparatus with a microscope and were uncorrected. The mass spectra were recorded on single quadrupole LCMS 2010 EV (Shimadzu—Kyoto, Japan) mass spectrometer.

Fedorowicz J., Bazar D., Brankiewicz W., Kapica H., Ciura K., Zalewska-Piątek B., Piątek R., Cal K., Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska K, & Sączewski J. (2022). Development of Safirinium dyes for new applications: fluorescent staining of bacteria, human kidney cells, and the horny layer of the epidermis. Scientific Reports, 12, 15098.

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Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles via Citrate Reduction

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Gold nanoparticles were prepared by the reduction of gold(iii) chloride trihydrate (99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) solutions with sodium citrate (99% Synth, Brazil) by the standard procedure, following the citrate method.^{44 (link)} Solutions were prepared with deionized water obtained from a commercial Millipore Elix 3 system. All the chemicals used in this work were of analytical grade and were used as received with no further purification. A volume of 100 mL of an aqueous solution of HAuCl₄ (1.0 mmol L⁻¹) was heated and stirred gently with a magnetic Teflon-coated bar. When the temperature of the HAuCl₄ solution reached 90 °C, 1.0 mL of a 0.3 mol L⁻¹ solution of sodium citrate preheated to 90 °C was added, and the pH of the mixture, measured at room temperature, was maintained at 3 to 4. After 8 minutes of reaction, the reaction mixture was removed from the heat and cooled to room temperature (Fig. 5).

Gorup L.F., Perlatti B., Kuznetsov A., Nascente P.A., Wendler E.P., Dos Santos A.A., Padilha Barros W.R., Sequinel T., Tomitao I.D., Kubo A.M., Longo E, & Camargo E.R. (2020). Stability of di-butyl-dichalcogenide-capped gold nanoparticles: experimental data and theoretical insights. RSC Advances, 10(11), 6259-6270.

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Quantification of Total Phenols in Oils

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Total phenols were extracted from oil diluted with Hexane by liquid-liquid extraction with methanol/water (60:40, V/V) according to the method of Gutfinger (21 (link)). The content of total phenols was estimated based on the phenol reaction with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and sodium carbonate, and measurement of absorbance at 725 nm with spectrophotometer (Carry UV/Vis 50; Varian Inc., Harbor City, CA, USA). caffeic acid was used as reference for the calibration curve and expression of results (mg caffeic acid per kg of oil). Hexane of analytical quality, methanol of spectrophotometric grade and caffeic acid (≥98%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Merck (Steinheim, Germany), and Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and sodium carbonate of analytical quality were obtained from Kemika (Zagreb, Croatia). Grade 2 water was obtained from Elix 3 system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).

Brkić Bubola K., Lukić M., Lukić I, & Koprivnjak O. (2019). Effect of Different Clarification Methods on Volatile Aroma Compound Composition of Virgin Olive Oil. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 57(4), 503-512.

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UHPLC Supergradient Solvent Preparation

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Acetonitrile (UHPLC supergradient ACS quality) and methanol (Chromasolv^TM for HPLC, ≥99.9%) were provided by PanReac AppliChem (Barcelona, Spain). Formic acid (≥98%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Water was purified with an Elix 3 system coupled to a Milli-Q instrument from Millipore Corporation (Bedford, MA, USA). The water was filtered with a 0.22 µm nylon membrane filter integrated into the Milli-Q instrument.

García-Seval V., Saurina J., Sentellas S, & Núñez O. (2022). Characterization and Classification of Spanish Honey by Non-Targeted LC–HRMS (Orbitrap) Fingerprinting and Multivariate Chemometric Methods. Molecules, 27(23), 8357.

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Chitosan-based Diflunisal Polymorph Characterization

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Diflunisal (DF) polymorph II was kindly supplied by Merck Sharp and Dohme (Madrid, Spain). Chitosan of low (CS_L) (50–190 kDa), medium (CS_M) (190–310 kDa) and high molecular weight (CS_H) (>375 kDa) was supplied by Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). The degree of deacetylation for the three polymers was 75–85%. O-CarboxymethylChitosan (CMCS) was supplied by Heppe Medical Chitosan GMBH (Halle, Germany). This polymer presented 80–95% degree of deacetylation and a molecular weight of 51 kDa. The reagents ethanol (Scharlau, Barcelona, Spain) and hydrochloric acid (Panreac, Barcelona, Spain) were used as received. Aqueous solutions were prepared with deionised water obtained from a commercial Millipore Elix 3 system (0.1 μS/cm conductivity). All reagents and chemicals used were of analytical grade.

Lucio D., Zornoza A, & Martínez-Ohárriz M.C. (2022). Role of Microstructure in Drug Release from Chitosan Amorphous Solid Dispersions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(23), 15367.

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Paracetamol and Lactose Hydrate Formulation

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Materials used in experiments were: paracetamol (PAR) (Sigma-Aldrich, Ireland), α-lactose monohydrate (Lα•H2O) (Sigma-Aldrich, Ireland) and Carbopol (polyacrylic acid, molecular weight of 3,000,000, Sigma-Aldrich, Ireland). Ethanol (EtOH) (technical grade) was purchased from T.E Laboratories (Ireland), and deionised water (H2O) was produced using a Millipore Elix 3 system (Millipore, France) and anhydrous ethanol (< 0.003% H2O) was purchased from VWR Chemicals (Ireland).

McDonagh A.F, & Tajber L. (2020). Crystallo-co-spray drying as a new approach to manufacturing of drug/excipient agglomerates: Impact of processing on the properties of paracetamol and lactose mixtures. International journal of pharmaceutics, 577.

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Analytical-Grade Polyphenols Characterization

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Methanol (Chromosolv^TM for HPLC, ≥99.9%) and acetonitrile (UHPLC supergradient ACS quality) were obtained from PanReac AppliChem (Barcelona, Spain), formic acid (≥98%) from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA), and hydrochloric acid (37%) from Fisher Chemical (Geel, Belgium). Water was purified by employing an Elix 3 system coupled to a Milli-Q instrument from Millipore Corporation (Bedford, MA, USA). The water was filtered with a 0.22 µm nylon membrane filter integrated into the Milli-Q instrument.
All the polyphenolic and phenolic acid compounds used in this work were of analytical grade and were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, with the exception of hesperidin obtained from Glentham Life Sciences (Lorsham, United Kingdom), astilbin and caftaric acid from Biopurity Phytochemicals Ltd. (Chengdu, Sichuan, China), trans-coumaric acid and procyanidin C1 from Phytolab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany), diosmin, hesperetin, and catechol from AlfaAesar Chemicals (ThermoFisher, Kandel, Germany), naringin, naringenin, and epigallocatechin from Biosynth-Carbosynth (Berkshire, United Kingdom), procyanidins B2 and A2 from Extrasynthese (Genay, France), pinocembrin from Fisher Scientific (Madrid, Spain), tricetin and galangin from Cymit Quimica S.L. (Barcelona, Spain), and chrysin and pinobanksin from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).

García-Seval V., Saurina J., Sentellas S, & Núñez O. (2022). Off-Line SPE LC-LRMS Polyphenolic Fingerprinting and Chemometrics to Classify and Authenticate Spanish Honey. Molecules, 27(22), 7812.

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