Cholesterol chol

Soybean lecithin (SPC) was purchased from Shanghai Jinban Pharmaceutic Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Cholesterol (Chol) was obtained from Beijing Dingguo Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Nifedipine and nimodipine were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Other commonly used organic reagents are analytically pure. Wistar rats were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shenyang, China).

Vitamin D₃ (crystalline, purity > 99%) was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Egg phosphatidylcholine (egg PC) was purchased from Jinban Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Cholesterol (Chol) was obtained from Beijing Dingguo Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Other reagents were all of the analytical grade. Aloe-gel was purchased from PERFECT Co., Ltd. (Guangdong, China).

ELE was purchased from Dalian Huali Jingang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd (Dalian, China). CTX was purchased from Hubei Qianmo biological technology Co. Ltd (Hubei, China). Soya lecithin (the main ingredient is phosphatidylcholine, PC) was purchased from Shanghai Taiwei pharmaceutical Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) was purchased from Wuhan Guobangda pharmaceutical chemical Co. Ltd (Wuhan, China). Medium chain triglyceride (MCT) was purchased from Xinxing Tieling pharmaceutical Co. Ltd (Tieling, China). Cholesterol (Chol) was purchased from Beijing Dingguo Changsheng Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China). DSPE-PEG2000-transferrin was purchased from Xi’an Ruixi Biological Technology Co. Ltd (Xi’an, China). DAPI and GAPDH were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, USA). Penicillin–streptomycin and high-glucose DMEM, trypsin EDTA and FBS were purchased from Gibco Life Technologies (AG, USA). CCK-8 was purchased from Meilunbio (Dalian, China). Cypate was purchased from Hangzhou Xinqiao Biotechnology Co. LTD (Hangzhou, China). Coomassie blue, RIPA lysis buffer and bicinchoninic acid protein kit (BCA) were purchased from Biosharp (Shanghai, China). Apoptosis detection kit was purchased from Genview (USA).