A1r hd25 microscope

To analyze the inhibition of viral replication induced by Qx, analysis of virions was made. Vero E6 cells (2.5 × 10⁴ cells/well) cultured in 8 well chamber slides (Nunc Lab-Tek, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were infected at MOI 0.1 and 0.01 and treated with Qx (CC_6.25, CC_12.5 and CC₂₅). After 48 h, the cells were washed three times with pre-chilled PBS and permeabilized and fixed with fixation/permeabilization solution (BD Bioscience, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) for immunofluorescence analysis. Fixed cells were incubated with mouse anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein S2 monoclonal antibody (dilution 1:200, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) as the primary antibody, and then stained with Alexa 488-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG (1:200 dilution; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) as the secondary antibody. The cell nucleus was counter stained with DAPI. Fluorescence images were obtained by confocal microscopy (Nikon A1R HD25 microscope Melville, NY, USA).

THP-1 cells were seeded to poly-L-lysine-covered cover glass chamber slices (Lab-Teck Chambered#1.5, MI, USA). Cells were then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 20 min at room temperature and stained with DAPI. The fluorescence images were obtained using a confocal A1R HD25 microscope (Nikon, Japan).