Electrospinning was used to form catalyst-embedded CNFs. A precursor solution of AgNO3/ZnN2O6/N–CNF was prepared by mixing PAN (Mw = 150 000 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich), AgNO3 (Mw = 169.87 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich), and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O (Mw = 297.49 g mol−1, Sigma-Aldrich). Next, 85 mg of AgNO3 and 149 mg of Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, as metal precursors, were dissolved in dimethylformamide (DMF, C3H7NO, Sigma-Aldrich). Samples were split into 4 groups: (1) pure PAN without metal (bare CNF), (2) PAN with Ag (Ag–CNF), (3) PAN with Zn (Zn–CNF), and (4) PAN with AgZn (AgZn–CNF). The solution was stirred for 12 h at room temperature. After stirring, the solution was loaded in a syringe for electrospinning. The solution-loaded syringe was pressed by a syringe pump (KDS 100, KD scientific) at a constant rate of 0.4 ml h−1 and an applied voltage of 15 kV. The distance between the needle tip of the syringe and the collector was 15 cm. The as-spun metal nitrate/PAN nanofibers were first stabilized in an air atmosphere at 280 °C for 2 h at a heating rate of 5 °C min−1. After evacuation by a rotary pump and turbo molecular pump, the samples were carbonized at 800 °C for 3 h in a N2 flow of 200 mTorr at a heating rate of 5 °C min−1.
Agno3
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, United Kingdom, Poland, China, Canada, Brazil, Italy, Australia, Hungary, Ireland, Egypt
AgNO3 is a chemical compound consisting of silver and nitrate ions. It is a crystalline solid that is soluble in water. AgNO3 is commonly used in various laboratory applications due to its unique properties.
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Lab products found in correlation
Nabh4, by Merck Group (65 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (59 mentions)
Haucl4, by Merck Group (32 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (32 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (31 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (29 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (25 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (20 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by Merck Group (20 mentions)
H2so4, by Merck Group (18 mentions)
Sodium citrate, by Merck Group (16 mentions)
Haucl4 3h2o, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
Pb no3 2, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Na2co3, by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Fecl3, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Cacl2, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (9 mentions)
570 protocols using agno3
1
Electrospinning of Metal-Embedded Carbon Nanofibers
2
Determination of Crab Meat Salt Content
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The salt content of crab meat was determined using the method described by Lascorz et al. [26 (link)] with some modifications. Briefly, aliquots of 2 g of crab meat were added to 100 mL of an aqueous 0.1 N nitric acid (HNO3) solution (Sigma-Aldrich) and homogenized at 8000 rpm for 10 s using an Ultra-turrax®. The homogenate was placed into a shaking water bath at 65 °C for 15 min and subsequently cooled on ice to a final temperature of 20 °C before titration against 0.1 N silver nitrate (AgNO3; Sigma-Aldrich) using a pH meter equipped with a silver electrode to an endpoint of +220 mV. The salt content was expressed as percentage of wet sample weight using the following formula:
where A is the volume (mL) of AgNO3 titrating the sample, B is the volume (mL) of AgNO3 titrating the blank, and C is the sample weight (g).
where A is the volume (mL) of AgNO3 titrating the sample, B is the volume (mL) of AgNO3 titrating the blank, and C is the sample weight (g).
3
MTT Assay for Assessing Silver Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity
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Cells were seeded on 96-well plates at a density of 3500–5000 cells per well (depending upon cell line) in 100 µL of complete media, recovered for 24 h, and then were exposed to AgNPs or AgNO3 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in 100 µL of complete media containing doses of AgNPs or AgNO3 as listed in the figures. After 72 h, media containing AgNPs or AgNO3 were replaced with 200 µL of media containing 0.5 mg/mL 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT; Sigma-Aldrich) and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C. Medium was removed by vacuum suction, and cells were lysed in 200 µL of DMSO and absorbance read using a Molecular Devices Emax Precision Microplate Reader (San Jose, CA, USA) at 560 nm. Absorbance measurements at 650 nm were subtracted from each reading to correct for any inconsistencies in optical properties between wells.
4
Synthesis of C24 DNA-AgNPs
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C24 single stranded DNA (an oligonucleotide containing 24 cytosines, RP-Cartridge-Gold™ purification, Eurogentec) was diluted in Milli-Q water (MQ) or in a 0.1 M citrate buffer ( pH 6.2) to give [DNA] = 2 mM. The diluted DNA was heated to 80-85 °C in order to start with a homogeneous dilution of single stranded C24. 32 The solution was then cooled to room temperature. AgNO 3 (99.9999%, Sigma Aldrich) and NaBH 4 (99.99%, Sigma Aldrich) were separately diluted in MQ to concentrations of [AgNO 3 ] = [NaBH 4 ] = 2 mM and sequentially added to the DNA in the ratio DNA : AgNO 3 : NaBH 4 of 1 : 12 : 12. This sample was further diluted to a [DNA] = 10 μM concentration for all the spectroscopic measurements. See the ESI † for further details.
5
Preparation of 5 mM AgNO3 Solution
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In order to make 5 mM of AgNO3, 85 mg of AgNO3 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States of America) was dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water with vigorous stirring for about 30 min at room temperature (Kwon et al., 2005 (link)).
6
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
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AgNO3 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA), and the synthesis procedure was carried out according to the methods of Lee et al.17 Briefly, 4 mL of panchakavya was mixed with 96 mL of 1 mM AgNO3 solution, and the resulting milky-white mixture was incubated for 8 hours in a rotary shaker (180 rpm) at room temperature. Reduction of Ag+ ions to Ag was monitored by change in color of the reaction mixture from milky white to dark brown.
7
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
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Silver nanoparticles (GT-AgNP and C-AgNP) were synthesized by adding the corresponding extracts to 0.1 M aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3, ≥99.0%; Sigma-Aldrich) solution in a 1:1 volume ratio at room temperature, pH 7, by constant stirring for 24 h. Preliminary optimization experiments indicated that the application of 1:1 green extract/AgNO3 ratio is required to achieve particles with spherical morphology. The obtained disperse system was then purified by repeated centrifugation at 1,730 ×g for 5 min. The supernatant was transferred to a clean dry beaker for further settlement of particles, and repeated cycles of centrifugation were carried out to further purify AgNPs. The final colloid samples were stored at 4°C.
8
Fluorescent Silver Nanoclusters Synthesis
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DNA strands were purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies with standard desalting, and used without further purification. All DNA sequences are made available as Additional file 1 : Table S1. Strands were prepared and mixed in 25 mM HEPES–NaOH, pH 7.4, and mixed strands were allowed to hybridize for 2 h at 37 °C. Silver cluster synthesis was performed through addition of AgNO3 (99.9999%, Sigma Aldrich) in a 9.6:1 AgNO3:Probe ratio, followed by reduction with NaBH4 (99%, Sigma Aldrich) in a 4.6:1 NaBH4:Probe ratio, after a 30 min incubation. Samples were allowed to stabilize their fluorescence for 60 min after reduction. The fluorescence was monitored continuously during this time to ensure stability before proceeding. Measurements were then performed by collecting emission spectra on a Cary Eclipse fluorimeter (Varian), fitted with a Peltier element and controller to maintain the temperature of 37 °C. All measurements were performed three times under identical conditions. The standard deviation between measurements is presented as error bars in the graphs. Data processing and application of the model made use of the Matlab2012a software suite (The MathWorks, Inc).
9
Synthesis of Silver Hexacyanoferrate
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Ag4[Fe(CN)6] was synthesized by the recommended methodology.16,17 (link) Briefly, 1.5 μmol K4[Fe(CN)6]·3H2O (Sigma Aldrich, ≥98.5%) and 6 μmol AgNO3 (Sigma Aldrich, ≥99.0%) were dissolved in 50 ml distilled water (separately), and the solution of AgNO3 was then added dropwise to the K4[Fe(CN)6] solution and purged by N2 to avoid iron oxidation. After full mixing of all reagents, a white precipitate was formed and aged for 30 min under stirring and N2 bubbling. The synthesized white product was washed with distilled water by multiple decantations (centrifugation, 5 rounds, 5000 rpm) and dried at 70 °C overnight under vacuum. The product exhibited a darkish-blue colour when fully dried.
10
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposites
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The chemical reagents NaCl (≥99.0%), KI (≥99.0%), AgNO3 (>99.9%), and NaBH4 (99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ultrapure (UP) water with resistivity of 18.3 MΩ·cm was obtained by Millipore filtration (Merck, MA, US). The natural zeolite of content of 80% clinoptilolite was obtained from the company “Transcarpathian zeolitic factory” (Khust district, Ukraine) and is referred as NZU (Natural Zeolite Ukraine) in the rest of paper. Sodium chlorite (NaCl, 99.5%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99.5%) and silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99.8%) used for the nanocomposites synthesis were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Potassium iodide (KI, 99.8%) used for the adsorption experiments was purchased from Fischer-Scientific (Hampton, NH, U).
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