Ie33 machine

Manufactured by Philips

Sourced in United States, Netherlands

The IE33 machine is a diagnostic imaging device designed for advanced echocardiography. It provides high-resolution imaging capabilities to support medical professionals in their assessment and monitoring of cardiac function.

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Lab products found in correlation

Agfa software, by Philips (2 mentions) S5 1 transducer, by Philips (2 mentions) Xcelera workstation, by Philips (2 mentions) Ge vivid 7 machine, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Echopac workstation, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Au5821, by Beckman Coulter (1 mentions) Au5831, by Beckman Coulter (1 mentions) Avanto magnetic resonance imaging scanner, by Siemens (1 mentions) Vivid 7, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Intellispace cardiovascular, by Philips (1 mentions) S8 3 transducer, by Philips (1 mentions) S5 probe, by Philips (1 mentions) Qlab software, by Philips (1 mentions)

38 protocols using ie33 machine

Echocardiographic Assessment of Kawasaki Disease

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Echocardiography was performed using an IE33 machine (Philips Medical System, Andover, MA, USA) with an S8 transducer on KD patients and febrile patients who were suspected of having KD during their admission period. Standard parasternal and apical views were acquired. Complete 2D and M-mode echocardiogram, pulsed color-flow Doppler, and TDI were obtained. We measured the following LV parameters by M-mode echocardiography: interventricular septal wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, and LV end diastolic dimension at the chordae tendinae level. Ejection fraction was determined by using the biplane Simpson formula, and fractional shortening was calculated using LV internal dimensions.
The diastolic function was assessed with pulsed Doppler mode from the apical window. Early diastolic velocity (E), late diastolic velocity (A), E/A ratios, and deceleration time were measured using conventional pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography (IE33 machine, Philips Medical System, Andover, MA, USA).

Lee S.B., Choi H.S., Son S, & Hong Y.M. (2015). Cardiac Function in Kawasaki Disease Patients with Respiratory Symptoms. Korean Circulation Journal, 45(4), 317-324.

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Echocardiographic Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension

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Patients were identified and recruited from the pulmonary hypertension programs at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA) and Hammersmith Hospital (London, UK), both of which are tertiary referral centers for patients with PH. Recruitment at the Massachusetts General Hospital occurred between May 2012 and March 2013. Recruitment at the Hammersmith Hospital occurred between January 2012 and April 2013. Echocardiograms were performed and analyzed in the cardiac ultrasound facilities of the respective hospitals, using the Philips IE33 machine and Xcelera/QLAB workstation (Philips Medical Systems, Andover, MA) at the former, and the GE Vivid 7 machine and EchoPAC workstation (GE, Milwaukee, WI) at the latter.

Afilalo J., Grapsa J., Nihoyannopoulos P., Beaudoin J., Gibbs J.S., Channick R.N., Langleben D., Rudski L.G., Hua L., Handschumacher M.D., Picard M.H, & Levine R.A. (2015). Leaflet Area as a Determinant of Tricuspid Regurgitation Severity in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging, 8(5), 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.114.002714 e002714.

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Transthoracic Echocardiography for TAVI Evaluation

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Comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography using a Philips iE33 machine (Philips Healthcare, Andover, Massachusetts) was performed by a board-certified cardiologist before TAVI. Acquired images were transferred to a dedicated workstation (Tomtec Imaging Systems GmbH, Unterschleissheim, Germany) and re-evaluated by independent experienced imaging specialists blinded to clinical outcome in the Corelab. The LV dimensions and AS severity were determined by quantitative assessment as recommended by current guidelines [13, 14] . Patients with mean gradient <40 mmHg and stroke volume index ≥35 ml/m 2 or mean gradient <40 mmHg and stroke volume index <35 ml/m 2 were defined as "high-flow low-gradient (HFLG) AS" and "low-flow low-gradient (LFLG) AS", respectively. LVEF1 was retrospectively measured by using Simpson's biplane method by measuring the volume change from end-diastole to the time of peak LV ejection time on continuous wave Doppler of aortic flow: (LV end-diastolic volume -LV volume at the time of peak aortic flow) / LV end-diastolic volume × 100 (%) [7] (Fig. 1). Patients were stratified into low and high LVEF1 group according to a cut-off value of 25%, as previously validated [8] [9] [10] .

Tomii D., Okuno T., Demirel C., Praz F., Lanz J., Stortecky S., Windecker S, & Pilgrim T. (2022). Impact of First-Phase Ejection Fraction on Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions, 42.

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Comprehensive Cardiac Ultrasound Assessments

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Examinations of real-time 3D ultrasound, 2D ultrasound, and transesophageal and Doppler echocardiography were carried out to measure left atrial size and function in all patients using a cardiac ultrasound device (iE33 machine equipped with X3-1 and X7-2t, Philips Medical Systems, Eindhoven, the Netherlands). Ultrasound parameters were measured under sinus rhythm in all patients. Left atrial (LA) dimensions were measured in the parasternal long axis view using 2D methods. LAMax refers to left atrial volume at the end of systole before opening of the mitral valve, while LAMin refers to the end of diastole before closing of the mitral valve. All patients underwent preoperative transesophageal echocardiography to obtain left atrial appendage emptying velocity (LAAEV). Left atrial appendage images were obtained from the base of the heart with the probe rotated by 0°, 45°, 90°, and 180°. LAAEV was measured using 1 representative value when rhythm was stable, or by averaging the value of 5 consecutive sinus waves when rhythm was variable due to respiration.

You L., Zhang X., Yang J., Wang L., Zhang Y, & Xie R. (2021). The Long-Term Results of Three Catheter Ablation Methods in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 8, 719452.

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Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Function

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Efficacy was tested by an experienced blinded echocardiographer at stratified time points at weekly intervals up to 1 month. Echocardiography was performed by an experienced sonographer on a clinical-grade IE33 machine (Phillips), and analysis was performed by 2 reviewers blinded to the treatment groups (each data point compared was an average of 3 separate recordings). Parasternal long axis and parasternal short axis views were taken to assess left atrial size, wall thickness, and FAC. FAC was calculated as (LVEDA – LVESA)/LVEDA; LVEDA = left ventricular end diastolic area; LVESA = left ventricular end systolic area (7 (link)).

Jabbour R.J., Owen T.J., Pandey P., Reinsch M., Wang B., King O., Couch L.S., Pantou D., Pitcher D.S., Chowdhury R.A., Pitoulis F.G., Handa B.S., Kit-Anan W., Perbellini F., Myles R.C., Stuckey D.J., Dunne M., Shanmuganathan M., Peters N.S., Ng F.S., Weinberger F., Terracciano C.M., Smith G.L., Eschenhagen T, & Harding S.E. (2021). In vivo grafting of large engineered heart tissue patches for cardiac repair. JCI Insight, 6(15), e144068.

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Evaluating Clinical Characteristics and Cardiac Function

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Baseline characteristics, medical history, and laboratory results were collected from the electronic medical database. Clinical information was collected from an electronic case report form by one researcher and independently confirmed by another researcher. Basal serum albumin samples were collected on the following morning after admission and then measured by the bromocresol green method using a Beckman Coulter AU5821 or AU5831 (Beckman Coulter Inc., California, USA). Echocardiography was conducted by using the transthoracic cardiac probe (X5-1) with tissue Doppler capability from the Philips iE33 machine and the LVEF was determined using Simpson's biplane method. Linear internal measurements of the LV and its walls were performed in the parasternal view.

Li X., Zhang X., Zeng Z., Mai W., Peng Z., Li B., Hong W., Liu Y., Shu F., Tang J., Xu L., Tan N., Ma J, & Jiang L. (2023). Serum albumin and prognosis in elderly patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine (Hagerstown, Md.), 24(10), 752-757.

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Cardiac Echocardiography Using Philips iE33

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Echocardiography was done at the Cardiology Unit of CMJAH using the Philips iE33 machine equipped with a S5-1 1-5 MHz transducer, allowing for M-mode, two-dimensional and color Doppler measurements (Philips Corporation, USA).

Aminu M.S., Sagren N., Manga P., Nazir M.S, & Naicker S. (2015). Obesity and graft dysfunction among kidney transplant recipients: Increased risk for atherosclerosis. Indian Journal of Nephrology, 25(6), 340-343.

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Echocardiography and Coronary Artery Evaluation

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Echocardiography was performed using an IE33 machine (Philips Medical System, Andover, MA, USA) with a S8 transducer. Standard parasternal and apical views were acquired. Two dimensional Echocardiography and M-mode echocardiogram, pulsed, color-flow Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging were obtained.
Coronary arteries were defined as abnormal if the internal lumen diameter was >3 mm in children younger than 5 years old; if the internal diameter of a segment measured ≥1.5 times that of an adjacent segment; or if the coronary lumen was clearly irregular13) (link).

Choi H.S., Lee S.B., Kwon J.H., Kim H.S., Sohn S, & Hong Y.M. (2015). Uveitis as an important ocular sign to help early diagnosis in Kawasaki disease. Korean Journal of Pediatrics, 58(10), 374-379.

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Comprehensive Echocardiographic Evaluation Protocol

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An IE33 machine (Phillips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) is used to obtain echo images at visit 2 by a sonographer blinded to the visit 1 findings. A replica dataset is obtained, with the addition of the following images (corresponding views):

Zoomed images of mitral valve (parasternal long and short axis)

TVI at mid-left ventricle (parasternal short axis)

Optimisation for Simpson's biplane volumetric assessment (apical four-chamber and two-chamber view)

Biplane left atrial volumes (X-plane through centre of mitral annulus)

PW TDI of inferoseptal and anterolateral walls (apical four-chamber view)

Three-dimensional (3D) datasets in those with adequate 2D images

For 3D dataset acquisition, a single cardiac cycle is constructed of four stitched cycles using images acquired with and without breath hold. The 3D datasets (and corresponding views) are as follows:

Three full volume loops focusing on mitral and aortic valves (parasternal long axis);

Three full volume loops focused on the left and right ventricle with mitral annulus still visible (apical four-chamber view);

Three full volume loops of 3D zoom over mitral valve, commissures and annulus (apical four-chamber view).

Coffey S., d'Arcy J.L., Loudon M.A., Mant D., Farmer A.J, & Prendergast B.D. (2014). The OxVALVE population cohort study (OxVALVE-PCS)—population screening for undiagnosed valvular heart disease in the elderly: study design and objectives. Open Heart, 1(1), e000043.

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Transthoracic Echocardiography Protocol

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Standard transthoracic echocardiography was performed at the Internal Medicine Echocardiography Laboratory using a Philips iE33 machine with subjects in the left lateral decubitus position. Measurements were performed off-line by an experienced echocardiographer (VM) according to current guidelines for the left and right chambers evaluation.^{18 (link)}

Mercurio V., Pellegrino T., Bosso G., Campi G., Parrella P., Piscopo V., Tocchetti C.G., Hassoun P.M., Petretta M., Cuocolo A, & Bonaduce D. (2019). Cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension: lesson from left-sided heart failure. Pulmonary Circulation, 9(3), 2045894019868620.

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