Tears naturale 2

Mice were dark-adapted before electroretinography (ERG). For general anesthesia, the animal was injected intraperitoneally with a mixture of Ketamine and Xylazine (100 and 10 mg/kg body weight, respectively) in PBS. The pupil was locally anesthetized with 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride (Alcon, Belgium) and dilated with 1% Mydriacyl (Alcon, Belgium). Gold wire electrodes (Diagnosys, United States) were placed on the apex of the cornea. A reference electrode (Chalgren, United States) was attached subcutaneously on the forehead and a ground electrode (Chalgren, United States) was placed subcutaneously at the tail region. Tears naturale II (Alcon, Belgium) was used to lubricate the eye during the recording. White flash of 3 (p)cd.s/m² and 10 (p)cd.s/m² intensities were delivered from the ColorDome Ganzfeld System (Diagnosys, United States). a-wave, b-wave, and the ascending phase of the b-wave (oscillatory potentials, OPs) were recorded using the Espion ERG Diagnosys and analyzed by Epsion V5 System (Diagnosys software) as previously reported (Li et al., 2012 (link); Yang et al., 2017 (link); Wang et al., 2020 (link)).

Subjects were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to the phentolamine mesylate and placebo treatment group, respectively. Patients in the placebo group received one drop of polyquad lubricant eye drop (Tears Naturale II^Ⓡ, Alcon, Fort Worth, TX) in each eye. Patients in the treatment group received one drop of 1.0% phentolamine mesylate prepared in Tears Naturale II® vehicle (PMOS) in each eye. This was a double-masked study, where subjects and the investigator were both masked to the treatment regimen. One investigator conducted all of the slit lamp examinations at this single site study.