Cell-seeded scaffolds were differentiated into chondrogenic lineage using Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)-high glucose supplemented with dexamethasone (100 μM), ascorbate-2-phosphate (40 μg/ml), 1 × insulin-transferrin-sodium selenite + 1 media supplement, L-proline (40 μg/ml), and sodium pyruvate (1 mM). Components of chondrogenic differentiation medium were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. During differentiation, samples were collected on the seventh, 14th, 21st, and 28th days of differentiation and used for biochemical and gene expression analyses as well as histology.
Chondrogenic differentiation medium
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Chondrogenic differentiation medium is a specialized cell culture medium designed to support the differentiation of stem cells or progenitor cells into chondrocytes, the cells that make up cartilage tissue. The medium contains a specific combination of growth factors, nutrients, and other components that promote the development and maturation of chondrocytes from the precursor cells.
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2 protocols using chondrogenic differentiation medium
1
Chondrogenic Differentiation of Cell-Seeded Scaffolds
2
Evaluating EMSC Differentiation Potential
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The capacity of EMSCs to differentiate in vitro was evaluated. EMSCs were seeded at 1 × 105/cm2 and cultured for 3 weeks in osteogenic differentiation medium (0.01 μM 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3, 10 mM β-glycerophosphate, and 50 μM ascorbate-2) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), adipocyte differentiation medium (500 μM isobutyl-methylxanthine, 1 μM dexamethasone, 10 μM insulin, and 200 μM indomethacin) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), or chondrogenic differentiation medium (6.25 g/ml insulin, 50 μM ascorbate-2) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Cells cultured in normal medium were used as the control. The medium was changed every 3 days. After 3 weeks, the cells in each group were stained with alizarin red, oil red O, and alcian blue (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) to assess osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis, respectively [25 (link)].
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