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3 protocols using ripk2

1

Quantitative Protein Analysis in Membranes

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Protein concentration was determined by the BCA protein assay [43 (link)]. Membranes were exposed to the following antibodies purchased from Cell Signaling Technology: Occludin (#91131), Claudin-2 (#48120), Cleaved-IL-1β (#63124), IL-18 (#57058), Caspase-1 (#2225), NLRP3 (#15101), ASC/TMS1 (#67824), AIM2(#63660), β-actin (#4970), Malt1(#2494), Bcl10(#4237), Nod1(#3545), Card9 (#12283), Ripk2 (#4142). Anti-ZO-1 antibody purchased from abcam (ab221547), Anti-NLRC4 antibody purchased from ECM Bioscience(#NP5381). Western blotting signals were quantified by a FluorChem densitometer (Alpha Innotech, San Leandro, CA).
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2

Immunofluorescence Analysis of XIAP, TAB1, and RIPK2

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Immunofluorescence analysis was performed as described previously (Albert et al, 2020 (link)). In brief, HCT116 or HeLa cells were seeded on coverslips in 12‐well plate and transfected with GFP‐XIAP for 16 h. Cells were washed with PBS and subsequently fixed with 3% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 20 min. Cells were blocked and permeabilised with blocking buffer (0.1% saponin (Carl Roth), 3% BSA (Carl Roth) in PBS) for 30 min and later incubated with primary antibodies for TAB1 (1:100, Cell Signaling) or RIPK2 (1:100, Cell Signaling) in a humid chamber overnight at 4°C. After incubation, coverslips were washed with washing buffer (0.1% saponin in PBS) three times and incubated with secondary antibody goat anti‐rabbit Alexa Fluor 568 (1:500, Thermo Fisher Scientific) for 1 h at room temperature. Subsequently, cells were stained with 300 nM DAPI (Molecular Probes) for 10 min and washed three times and embedded with mowiol overnight. For imaging, Fluoview FV1000 confocal microscope (Olympus GmbH) was used (objective: Olympus PlanApo, 60×/1.40 oil, ∞/0.17).
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3

Monitoring NOD2 K48 Ubiquitination Dynamics

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Assembling of K48 poly-ubiquitin chains on NOD2 in response to MDP was monitored over time. THP-1 Myc-BirA*-NOD2 cells were pre-treated for one h with DMSO (vehicle) or MG132 (at 12.5 µM) before 10 µg/mL of MDP (InvivoGen, France) was added. At given time points, samples were taken, spun down and the reaction was stopped using RIPA lysis buffer plus protease and phosphate inhibitors (ROCHE, Germany). Additionally, 50 mM of N-ethylmaleimide (Thermofisher scientific, USA) was added to the RIPA buffer to lyse the MG132-treated samples. A SDS gel was run and membranes were blotted against the anti-NOD2monoclonal antibody (2D9) (SantaCruz, sc-56168, 1:250) and RIPK2 (Cell Signalling Technology, USA) and anti-actin (Sigma Aldrich, UK, Cat No. A5060, 1:2000) or anti-Tubulin (Sigma Aldrich, UK, Cat No. T9026, 1:2000) as a controls. NOD2 ubiquitination was assessed using the anti-poly-K48 antibody (Merck Millipore, USA, Cat No. 05-1307, 1:2500).
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