Gaasp pmt

Manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics

Sourced in Japan

The GaAsP PMT is a photomultiplier tube (PMT) that utilizes a gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) photocathode. It is designed to convert light signals into electrical signals with high sensitivity and fast response times. The GaAsP PMT's core function is to detect and amplify low-level light signals across a wide range of wavelengths.

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Lab products found in correlation

Mrp07220, by Nikon (8 mentions) Insight ds dual, by Spectra-Physics (8 mentions) Bergamo 2 system b232, by Thorlabs (4 mentions) Ff02 525 40 25, by IDEX Corporation (4 mentions) Lumfln60xw, by Olympus (4 mentions) Fluo 4 am, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Deepsee hp, by Spectra-Physics (3 mentions) Dmem f12, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Lumplfln 60xw, by Olympus (2 mentions) H11706, by Hamamatsu Photonics (2 mentions) Gaasp photomultiplier tube, by Hamamatsu Photonics (2 mentions) Resonant scanning two photon microscope, by Thorlabs (2 mentions) Ehp deepsee, by Spectra-Physics (2 mentions) Bergamo 2, by Thorlabs (2 mentions) Tiberius, by Thorlabs (2 mentions) Insight deepsee, by Spectra-Physics (2 mentions) Two photon moveable objective microscope, by Sutter Instruments (2 mentions) Pm100d, by Thorlabs (1 mentions) Water immersion objective, by Nikon (1 mentions) Df scope, by Sutter Instruments (1 mentions)

25 protocols using gaasp pmt

Multi-modal Fluorescence Imaging Protocol

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The epifluorescence imaging was performed on a custom upright microscope equipped with a Prizmatix LED (UHP-T-LED-White-High-CRI), using either of two objectives a 35 mm F/1.4 Computar or a 25 mm F/0.95 Computar CCTV lens. We used a 479 nm (Semrock FF01-479/40) excitation filter combined with a 515 nm long pass dichroic mirror, and a bandpass filter. The neuronal activity was recorded with a NeuroCCD SM256 camera (RedShirtImaging, USA) with 2 × 2, or 3 × 3 binning and at a frame rate between 50–250 Hz. The images were collected with NeuroPlex software (RedShirtImaging, USA).
For 2-photon imaging, we used a modified MOM two-photon laser-scanning microscope (Sutter Instruments, USA) with a Nikon 16x, 0.8NA lens, a Coherent Discovery laser light source, and detected fluorescence emission on a GaAsP PMT (#H10770PA-40–04, Hamamatsu, Japan). 2-photon excitation of the super ecliptic pHluorin GFP chromophore was achieved with 940–980 nm laser light with an imaging speed of 31 frames per second (resonant scanners; Cambridge Technology, USA). The laser power was measured by placing a power meter (PM100D, Thorlabs) directly underneath the objective lens at the beginning of experiments and ranged between 75–140 mW.

Platisa J., Zeng H., Madisen L., Cohen L.B., Pieribone V.A, & Storace D.A. (2022). Voltage imaging in the olfactory bulb using transgenic mouse lines expressing the genetically encoded voltage indicator ArcLight. Scientific Reports, 12, 1875.

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In vivo Two-Photon Imaging of GCaMP6s

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Pups were maintained under inhaled isoflurane anesthesia (2.5–3.5%) during the imaging session. We used a Bruker-Ultima resonant-galvo system with an identical configuration to the in vitro system. In vivo, imaging through the craniotomy was performed using a Nikon LWD water immersion objective (16X, 0.8 N.A.). Two-photon images were acquired using galvo-scanning at a minimum depth of 200 µm from the surface. GCaMP6s was excited at a wavelength of 920 mm, and emission was filtered and acquired using a single GaAsP PMT (Hamamatsu Photonics). Time series acquisition of single XY planar raster scans was performed at a 256×256-pixel resolution at ~2.67 frames/second speed. Movement in XY dimensions was minimal and was corrected by motion correction algorithms (ImageJ). Motion artifact in the Z plane was identified by frames with repeated cytoarchitecture. All images were acquired at 2X digital zoom.

Suryavanshi P., Langton R., Fairhead K, & Glykys J. (2023). Brief excitotoxic insults cause a calpain-mediated increase in nuclear membrane permeability in neonatal neurons. bioRxiv.

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Two-Photon Imaging of VTA and LC Axons

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Imaging was done using a laser scanning two-photon microscope (Neurolabware). Using a 8 kHz resonant scanner, images were collected at a frame rate of 30 Hz with bidirectional scanning through a 16x/0.8 NA/3 mm WD water immersion objective (MRP07220, Nikon). GCaMP6s and GCaMP7b were excited at 920 nm with a femtosecond pulsed two photon laser (Insight DS + Dual, Spectra-Physics) and emitted fluorescence was collected using a GaAsP PMT (H11706, Hamamatsu). The average power of the laser measured at the objective ranged between 50–80 mW. A single imaging field of view (FOV) between 400–700 μm equally in the x/y direction was positioned to collect data from as many VTA or LC axons as possible. Time-series images were collected from 3–5 planes spaced 2 um apart using an electric lens to ensure axons remained in a field of view and reduce power going to an individual plane. Images were collected using Scanbox (v4.1, Neurolabware) and the PicoScope Oscilloscope (PICO4824, Pico Technology, v6.13.2) was used to synchronize frame acquisition timing with behavior.

Heer C.M, & sheffield M.E. (2024). Distinct catecholaminergic pathways projecting to hippocampal CA1 transmit contrasting signals during behavior and learning. bioRxiv.

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Two-Photon Imaging of Neuronal Activity

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Imaging was done using a laser scanning two-photon microscope (Neurolabware). Using a 8 kHz resonant scanner, images were collected at a frame rate of 30 Hz with bidirectional scanning through a 16x/0.8 NA/3 mm WD water immersion objective (MRP07220, Nikon). GCaMP6f and GCaMP7b were excited at 920 nm with a femtosecond-pulsed two photon laser (Insight DS + Dual, Spectra-Physics) and emitted fluorescence was collected using a GaAsP PMT (H11706, Hamamatsu). The average power of the laser measured at the objective ranged between 50–70 mW. A single imaging field of view (FOV) between 400–700 µm equally in the x/y direction was positioned to collect data from as many CA1 pyramidal cells or dopaminergic axons as possible. Time-series images were collected through Scanbox (v4.1, Neurolabware) and the PicoScope Oscilloscope (PICO4824, Pico Technology, v6.13.2) was used to synchronize frame acquisition timing with behavior.

Krishnan S., Heer C., Cherian C, & Sheffield M.E. (2022). Reward expectation extinction restructures and degrades CA1 spatial maps through loss of a dopaminergic reward proximity signal. Nature Communications, 13, 6662.

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Two-Photon Calcium Imaging in Dorsal CA1

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Two-photon calcium imaging experiments were performed on the day of the window implant using a single-beam multiphoton pulsed laser scanning system coupled to a microscope (TriM Scope II, LaVision Biotech). The Ti:sapphire excitation laser (Chameleon Ultra II, Coherent) was operated at 920 nm. GCaMP fluorescence was isolated using a bandpass filter (510/25). Images were acquired through a GaAsP PMT (H7422-40, Hamamatsu) using a ×16 immersion objective (NIKON, NA 0.8). Using Imspector software (LaVision Biotech), the fluorescence activity from a 400 μm × 400 µm field of view was acquired at approximately 9 Hz with a 1.85 μs dwell time per pixel (2 μm/pixel). Imaging fields were selected to sample the dorsal CA1 area and maximize the number of imaged neurons in the stratum pyramidale. Piezo signal, camera exposure time, and image triggers were synchronously acquired and digitized using a 1440A Digidata (Axon Instrument, 50 kHz sampling) and the AxoScope 10 software (Axon Instrument). During the imaging session, body temperature is continuously controlled.

Dard R.F., Leprince E., Denis J., Rao Balappa S., Suchkov D., Boyce R., Lopez C., Giorgi-Kurz M., Szwagier T., Dumont T., Rouault H., Minlebaev M., Baude A., Cossart R, & Picardo M.A. (2022). The rapid developmental rise of somatic inhibition disengages hippocampal dynamics from self-motion. eLife, 11, e78116.

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Two-Photon Imaging of Hippocampal Calcium Dynamics

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Imaging was done using a laser scanning two-photon microscope (Neurolabware). The microscope consisted of an 8 KHz resonant scanning module (Thorlabs), a 16×/0.8 NA/3 mm WD water immersion objective (MRP07220, Nikon). GCaMP6f was excited at 920 nm with a femtosecond-pulsed two-photon laser (Insight DS + Dual, Spectra-Physics) and the fluorescence was collected using a GaAsP PMT (H11706, Hamamatsu). The microscope is customized to tilt the objective, which we tilted to be perpendicular to the CA3 head plate angle but kept vertical for CA1 imaging. Stray light from the VR monitor was blocked from entering the objective lens by a dark rubber tube attached to the implanted head ring and the objective. Laser average power after the objective was ~60 mW for CA1 imaging and ~120 mW for CA3 to gain similar baseline fluorescence levels in the CA1 or CA3 FOV. Scanbox (Neurolabware) was used for microscope control and data acquisition. Time-series videos were acquired at around 11 Hz for each of the three imaging planes (using an electronic lens) to maximize the number of neurons imaged in each mouse. The PicoScope Oscilloscope (PICO4824, Pico Technology) collected the signal from the microscope to synchronize frame acquisition timing with behavior (see below).

Dong C., Madar A.D, & Sheffield M.E. (2021). Distinct place cell dynamics in CA1 and CA3 encode experience in new environments. Nature Communications, 12, 2977.

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Calcium and Glutamate Signaling in Hair Cells

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Hair cell recordings were performed from the primary neuromasts (L2–L4) originating from the first primordium (primI) (Pujol-Martí & López-Schier, 2013 (link)). Calcium and glutamate signals in hair cells and afferent terminals were recorded using a two-photon laser-scanning microscope (Bergamo II System B232, Thorlabs Inc., USA) based on a mode-locked laser system operating at 925 nm, 80 MHz pulse repetition rate, <100 fs pulse width (Mai Tai HP DeepSee, Spectra-Physics, USA). Images were captured with a 60X objective (LUMFLN60XW, Olympus, Japan) using a GaAsp PMT (Hamamatsu) coupled with a 525/40 bandbass filter (FF02-525/40-25, Semrock). Images were analysed offline using custom built software routines written in Python (Python 3.7, Python Software Foundation) and ImageJ (NIH). Ca²⁺ signals were measured as relative changes of fluorescence emission intensity (ΔF/F₀). Images were acquired at 15 (512 x 512 pixels, Ca²⁺ imaging) or 396 (256 x 32 pixels, when using the iGluSnFR zebrafish) frames per second. Signals from individual ROI were smoothed offline using a Savitzki-Golay filter (windows size:11; polynomial order: 1). Traces were normalized to baseline fluorescence (F₀) which was calculated as the 5th percentile of the fluorescence values of the entire trace.

Hardy K., Amariutei A.E., De Faveri F., Hendry A., Marcotti W, & Ceriani F. (2021). Functional development and regeneration of hair cells in the zebrafish lateral line. The Journal of physiology, 599(16), 3913-3936.

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Two-Photon Imaging of CA3PCs

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For experiments involving imaging of CA3PCs, single-plane resonant scanning 2p imaging was performed as described elsewhere^{15 (link)}. Briefly, imaging was conducted using a 2p 8-kHz resonant scanner (Bruker) and a 16X water immersion objective (Nikon). A 920-nm laser (50–100 mW; Coherent) was used for excitation, and fluorescence signals were collected with a GaAsP PMT (Hamamatsu). A custom dual-stage preamp (Bruker) was used to amplify signals before digitization.

Vancura B., Geiller T., Grosmark A., Zhao V, & Losonczy A. (2023). Inhibitory control of sharp-wave ripple duration during learning in hippocampal recurrent networks. Nature neuroscience, 26(5), 788-797.

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In Vivo Two-Photon Imaging of Axonal Activity

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Imaging was done using a laser scanning two-photon microscope (Neurolabware). Using a 8 kHz resonant scanner, images were collected at a frame rate of 30 Hz with bidirectional scanning through a 16x/0.8 NA/3 mm WD water immersion objective (MRP07220, Nikon). GCaMP6s and GCaMP7b were excited at 920 nm with a femtosecond pulsed two photon laser (Insight DS + Dual, Spectra-Physics) and emitted fluorescence was collected using a GaAsP PMT (H11706, Hamamatsu). The average power of the laser measured at the objective ranged between 50–80 mW. A single imaging field of view (FOV) between 400–700 μm equally in the x/y direction was positioned to collect data from as many VTA or LC axons as possible. Time-series images were collected from 3–5 planes spaced 2 um apart using an electric lens to ensure axons remained in a field of view and reduce power going to an individual plane. Images were collected using Scanbox (v4.1, Neurolab-ware) and the PicoScope Oscilloscope (PICO4824, Pico Technology, v6.13.2) was used to synchronize frame acquisition timing with behavior.

Heer C.M, & sheffield M.E. (2024). Distinct catecholaminergic pathways projecting to hippocampal CA1 transmit contrasting signals during behavior and learning. bioRxiv.

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Two-Photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics

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Imaging was done using a laser scanning two-photon microscope (Neurolabware). Using an 8kHz resonant scanner, images were collected at a frame rate of 30 Hz with bidirectional scanning through a 16x/0.8 NA/3 mm WD water immersion objective (MRP07220, Nikon). GCaMP6f was excited at 920 nm with a femtosecond-pulsed two photon laser (Insight DS+Dual, Spectra-Physics) and emitted fluorescence was collected using a GaAsP PMT (H11706, Hamamatsu). The average power of the laser measured at the objective ranged between 50–70 mW. A single imaging field of view (FOV) between 400–700 μm equally in the x/y direction was positioned to collect data from as many CA1 pyramidal cells or dopaminergic axons as possible. Time-series images were collected through Scanbox (v4.1, Neurolabware) and the PicoScope Oscilloscope (PICO4824, Pico Technology, v6.13.2) was used to synchronize frame acquisition timing with behavior.

Krishnan S, & Sheffield M.E. (2023). Reward Expectation Reduces Representational Drift in the Hippocampus. bioRxiv.

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