Au powders (99.995%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar, Ag powders (99.9%) from Aldrich, nitric acid (70%) from BDH, and methyl orange powders from Acros Organics. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ·cm) was produced with a Milli-Q Millipore (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) water purification system.
Nitric acid
Manufactured by BD
Sourced in United Kingdom
Nitric acid is a strong, corrosive, and oxidizing chemical compound with the formula HNO3. It is commonly used in various industrial and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by BD (2 mentions)
Ethanol, by BD (2 mentions)
Milli q millipore, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ferric chloride hexahydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anhydrous ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Guanidine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q integral system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Glycidyl methacrylate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Suprapur nitric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anthrone reagent, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sulphuric acid, by BD (1 mentions)
Potassium sodium tartrate, by BD (1 mentions)
Triton x, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
N hexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using nitric acid
1
Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles
2
Multifunctional Fe3O4@Silica Nanoparticles for RNA Extraction
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To synthesize the Fe3O4@Silica for RNA extraction, the following chemicals of analytical reagent grade were received and used without further purification. Ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O), styrene, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), divinylbenzene (DVB), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), polyacrylic acid, guanidine hydrochloride (>99%) and ethanol anhydrous were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Ammonia in water 28–30% w/w, sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, nitric acid (90%) were obtained from BDH. Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GTMOS), (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) were purchased from TCI (USA). All aqueous solutions were prepared with deionized water obtained from a Milli-Q Integral system (resistivity = 18 MΩ cm, EMD Millipore). Zymo MagBinding® Beads was obtained from Zymo Research, USA for comparison in RNA binding. Dynabeads® MyOneTM, M280 from Thermofisher were used as the microscopic reference sizing materials, employed at 800x magnification.
3
Synthesis and Characterization of DGA Ligands
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The multiple DGA-containing ligand LI was prepared as reported.23 (link)LII was prepared following an analogous method, details of which are given in the ESI.† The purity of the ligands was checked by elemental analysis, NMR and HR-MS techniques. The diluents, n-dodecane and isodecanol (>99% purity), were procured from Lancaster, UK and SRL, Mumbai, respectively, and were used as obtained. HTTA (2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (USA) and was used after recrystallization. Suprapur nitric acid (Merck, Germany) was used for the preparation of dilute nitric acid solutions applied in this study, which were standardized using volumetric methods using AR grade NaOH (BDH) with phenolphthalein (Fluka, Switzerland) as the indicator.
4
Comprehensive Phytochemical Analysis Protocol
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N-hexane (Merck, United States), chloroform (May and Baker, UK), methanol (Merck, Germany), ethanol (Merck, Germany), deionized water, hydrochloric acid (BDH, England), sulphuric acid (BDH, England), nitric acid (BDH, England), sodium carbonate, copper sulfate, potassium acetate, aluminium nitrite, acetone, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride (E. Merck A. G Darmstadt, Germany), quercetin (Sigma, United States), bovine serum albumin (Sigma, United States), gallic acid (Sigma, United States), anhydrous glucose (Merck, Germany), Triton X (Sigma, United States), Folin–Ciocalteau’s phenol reagent (Unichem Chemicals, India), anthrone reagent (Sigma, United States), monosodium phosphate (BDH, England), disodium phosphate (Riedel-de Haen, Germany), 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (BDH, England), potassium sodium tartrate (BDH, England), and distilled water were used in experiments.
5
Characterization of Micro and Nanoclays
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Crystal violet (CV), methylene blue (MB), and malachite green (MG) were procured from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 36%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, ≥97%), nitric acid (HNO3, 68.0–70.0%), and sodium chloride (NaCl, ≥99%) were obtained from BDH, England (Poole, Doorset, UK). The morphology and elemental composition of the dried micro and nanoclays adsorbents were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) (JEOL 7600F, Tokyo, Japan). FTIR spectra of the tested micro and nanoclays adsorbents before and after CV dye adsorption were recorded on the Thermo Scientific FTIR Spectrometer (Nicolet iS50 FTIR, Madison, WI, USA) in the range 4000–400 cm−1. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the micro and nanoclays adsorbents was accomplished using a Shimadzu XRD-6000, (Tokyo, Japan) diffractometer. A UV-vis spectrophotometer was utilized to determine the concentrations of dyes on the micro and nanoclay adsorbents. The chemical composition of micro and nanoclay adsorbents was obtained by XRF. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) (Thermo Scientific, Weltham, MA, USA) was applied for the analysis of micro and nanoclay adsorbents.
6
Preparing Arsenic Batch Sorption Experiments
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For the preparation of stock and sub-stock solutions, sodium arsenite (NaAs III O 2 ; 99%) salt and deionized water were used, and 100 mg L -1 stock solution of As(III) was prepared to prepare working As(III) solutions for batch experiments. A 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl; 35%) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH; 95%) was used to adjust the pH of the solution as required (Shakoor et al. 2019) (link). All the chemicals used were of analytical grade (Sigma-Aldrich) for batch sorption experiments. Other chemical reagents, such as sodium chloride (NaCl; 99%), nitric acid (HNO 3 ; 69%), ethanol (C 2 H 6 O; 99%) (BDH), and thiourea (CH 2 N 2 S; 99%) (Merck), were used as received without further purification. The plasticware and glassware were used after washing with tap water followed by soaking in 1% HNO 3 and rinsing two times with deionized water.
7
Synthesis of 3-Formylchromone
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3-Formylchromone (Scheme 1 ) was synthesized using a method described in the literature.25 Ni(OAc)2·4H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, Ni(ClO4)2·6H2O, NiCl2·6H2O, Co(OAc)2·4H2O, Co(NO3)2·6H2O, CoCl2·6H2O, 8-hydroxyquinoline, oxine (8-HQ), 1,10-phenanthroline, Na2EDTA, nitric acid, mureoxide, and ammonium hydroxide were purchased from either BDH or Merck. The organic solvents were directly employed without distillation and were reagent grade compounds.
8
Synthesis of Catalytic Nanocomposites
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The following chemicals were used as received: multiwalled CNTs (≥98 %, Sigma–Aldrich), nitric acid (69 %, BDH), cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate (≥99 %, Sigma–Aldrich), manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate (≥99 % Sigma–Aldrich), ethanol (96 %, VWR), solution of ammonia (35 %, Fisher Scientific), Nafion (5 wt % in alcohol and water, Sigma–Aldrich), and 20 % Pt/C (Alfa Aesar).
9
Synthesis of Metal-Organic Nanoparticles
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Iron(iii ) acetylacetonate, manganese(ii ) acetylacetonate, styrene (≥99%), and divinylbenzene (tech. 80%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich; oleic acid (90%) was purchased from Fisher Scientific; 1-octadecene (90%), docosane (90%) were purchased from Acros Organics. Ethanol, hexane, acetone, and nitric acid were purchased from BDH. All reagents were used without any further purification.
10
Preparation of Standard Metal Solutions
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Standard solutions for different metals were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Bishop Meadow Road Loughborough, UK), and working standard solutions were prepared by simple dilution with distilled water. Sulfuric acid, perchloric acid and nitric acid were all of Analytical grade (BDH, England). All glassware's were of borosilicate and purchased from British Glass (Churchhill way, Sheffield, UK).
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