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Thapsigargin tg

Manufactured by Adipogen
Sourced in Switzerland

Thapsigargin (TG) is a natural product that functions as a potent and selective inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) enzyme. SERCA is responsible for the active transport of calcium from the cytosol into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, playing a key role in the regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. By inhibiting SERCA, TG disrupts calcium signaling and homeostasis, making it a valuable tool for the study of calcium-dependent cellular processes.

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4 protocols using thapsigargin tg

1

Leukemic CTLs Maintenance and Assays

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TALL-104 human leukemic CTLs were maintained as described previously 9 (link). Early experiments were conducted in complete culture medium. Later experiments were in culture medium without IL-2. Complete culture medium contains 40mL heat-activated fetal bovine serum, 4mL Pen-Strep, 8mL L-Glutamine, 80 μL IL-2, and 348mL Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medium. Dynabeads polystyrene beads coated with anti-CD3 or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA) were washed in medium according to the manufacturer’s protocol, and were added to the cell suspension at a ratio of ~one bead per cell. Alexa647-conjugated anti-LAMP1 antibody (0.5 μg/mL final concentration) was purchased from BD Pharmingen (San Jose, CA). Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was from Alexis Biochemicals (San Diego, CA). Thapsigargin (TG) was from AdipoGen (San Diego, CA). Cells were incubated with imiquimod (Adipogen) San Diego, California) at 10 uM or PMA at 100 nM for indicated time. The National Cancer Institute’s Diversity Set V (https://wiki.nci.nih.gov/display/NCIDTPdata/Compound+Sets) was used for screening, and powder resupply was from NCI. Compounds were prepared in DMSO at a final concentration of 10μM.
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2

ER Stress Induction in EndoC-βH1 Cells

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EndoC-βH1 cells, obtained from Dr. Raphael Scharfmann (Paris Descartes University, France) (20 (link)), were maintained as described previously (21 (link)). ER stress was induced 100nM Thapsigargin (TG; Adipogen Life sciences, Fuellinsdorf, Switzerland) for 24h.
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3

Induction of ER Stress in Cell Lines and Primary Neurons

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To induce ER stress, cells were incubated with thapsigargin (Tg, AdipoGen Life Sciences) at different concentrations (100 nM to 1 μM) for 30 min or 5 hours at 33°C (for STHdhQ7 and Q111 cells) or 37°C (for primary neurons) in an incubator supplemented with 5% CO2. In some experiments, GSK2606414 (Calbiochem) was added at a final concentration of 1 μM during Tg incubation. ISRIB (Sigma-Aldrich) was used at a final concentration of 400 nM. For stress recovery, STHdhQ7 and Q111 cells were washed twice with PBS at the end of Tg incubation and further incubated in complete culture medium for various time before analysis at 33°C in an incubator supplemented with 5% CO2. Primary neurons were washed once with and further incubated in neuron-conditioned media that were collected from unused wells for various time before analysis. Cyclopiazonic acid (Calbiochem) was used at a final concentration of 10 μM in primary neurons.
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4

Fluorescent Biosensors in Hematopoietic Cells

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TALL-104 cells were obtained from the ATCC and cultured and transfected using nucleofection as described previously. 18 K562 cells were obtained from the ATCC and cultured in Iscove's modified Eagle's medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated serum, glutamine, and penicillinstreptomycin, and were transfected using nucleofection according to the manufacturer's recommended protocol. CDNAs encoding EKAR, 19 CKAR, 2 DAGR, 2 DKAR, 20 and D3CPV 21 were obtained from Addgene (see Suppl. Table for a description of each sensor). The JNKAR construct 22 was provided by Dr. Jin Zhang. To generate polyclonal long-term transfectants, K562 cells were transiently transfected, then sorted on YPF fluorescence ~2 weeks and ~4 weeks after transfection. Experiments with transiently transfected TALL-104 cells were conducted in normal Ringer's solution. 18 All other experiments were conducted in complete medium. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was from Alexis Biochemicals (San Diego, CA). Thapsigargin (TG) was from AdipoGen (San Diego, CA). Anisomycin was from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO). Calcein red-orange and Far Red DDAO-SE were from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR).
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