Cinobufagin was purchased from Yuanye Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Stock solution of Cinobufagin was prepared in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and then diluted in complete cell culture medium to make working solutions. The same solutions without Cinobufagin were used as vehicle controls.
Human SW480, SW1116 colorectal adenocarcinoma and BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) (Manassas, VA, USA) and the human L-O2 liver and NCM460 colon epithelial cell lines were purchased from KenGen (Nanjing, China). All other cell lines were bought from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). All cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco's Modi ed Eagle's Medium (DMEM, Gibco, Life Technologies Corporation) containing 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS, Kangyuan, China). The cells were maintained at 37°C in a humidi ed incubator with 5% CO2, following instructions from the providers. Cell authenticity was con rmed by short tandem repeats (STR) pro ling.
Human SW480, SW1116 colorectal adenocarcinoma and BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) (Manassas, VA, USA) and the human L-O2 liver and NCM460 colon epithelial cell lines were purchased from KenGen (Nanjing, China). All other cell lines were bought from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). All cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco's Modi ed Eagle's Medium (DMEM, Gibco, Life Technologies Corporation) containing 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS, Kangyuan, China). The cells were maintained at 37°C in a humidi ed incubator with 5% CO2, following instructions from the providers. Cell authenticity was con rmed by short tandem repeats (STR) pro ling.