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5 protocols using recombinant mouse vegf

1

Macrophage-Targeted Therapy for Angiogenesis

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HET0016, DDMS and 20-HETE were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Human recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), mouse recombinant IL-4 and IL-13 were purchased from Pepro Tech (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA). Mouse recombinant VEGF, SDF-1 and TGF-β were purchased from R&D Systems (Oxford, UK). Stattic (a STAT3 inhibitor) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Clodronate (Clod) was purchased from Roche Diagnostics (Indianapolis, IN, USA). Zoledronic acid (ZA) and A83-01 (a TGF-β receptor inhibitor) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Neutralizing antibodies against TGF-β (MAB7346), VEGF (AF-493) and SDF-1 (MAB310) were purchased from R&D Systems. Neutralizing antibody against PDGF-B (ab34074), mCherry (ab125096) antibody and CD68 (ab955) antibody were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Neutralizing antibody against MMP-9 (MA5-13595) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). F4/80 antibody (sc-377009) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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2

Investigating 661W Cell Proliferation

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Mouse cone photoreceptor-derived 661W cells were kindly provided by Dr. Al-Ubaidi (University of Houston). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from GeneDEPOT (Barker, TX, USA) and HyClone (Logan, UT, USA), respectively. Quercetin, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and bovine serum albumin were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). CellTiter96 AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation assay kit was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Mouse recombinant VEGF was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Primary and secondary antibodies used for immunoblotting and immunostaining were described in Table 1.
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3

Endothelial Cell Marker Protocol

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Cell culture media, serum, and cell culture supplements were purchased from ATCC; Manassas, VA, USA, Millipore; USA, Invitrogen; NY, USA, and PAA; North America. Antibodies against VE‐cadherin (ab33168), Flk‐1 (ab9530), VEGFA (ab51745), STAT3 (ab119351), JAG‐1 (ab7771), NOTCH‐1 (ab27526), SMA; Smooth Muscle Actin (ab5831), and SM22 (ab14106) were purchased from Abcam; Cambridge, UK. The Antibody against GAPDH (sc‐25778) was purchased from Santa Cruz. Antibodies against CD31 were purchased from ABBIOTEC; San Diego, USA (250590) and Santa Cruz; Heidelberg, Germany (sc‐1506). The secondary antibodies for immunostaining anti‐mouse Alexa 488 and anti‐rabbit Alexa 488 were purchased from Invitrogen. The secondary antibodies for Western blotting were purchased from DakoCytomation; Glostrup, Denmark and Abcam. Recombinant mouse VEGF was purchased from R and D Systems; Abingdon, UK.
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4

Ovarian Tissue Transplantation with Growth Factors

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Biodegradable gels (MedGel, Tokyo, Japan) that were cut into 2 × 2 mm pieces were immersed in 10 μl of 0.1 × phosphate buffered saline (PBS), recombinant mouse VEGF (100 ng/ml, 1 μg/ml, and
10 μg/ml; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), recombinant mouse basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; 100 ng/ml, 1 μg/ml, and 10 μg/ml; R&D Systems), or recombinant mouse hepatocyte
growth factor (HGF; 100 ng/ml, 1 μg/ml, and 10 μg/ml; R&D Systems) and then stored in an incubator for 1 h at 37°C. After incubation, biodegradable gels were transplanted into the bursa
of the ovaries of 10-week-old female ICR mice under anesthesia achieved using a mixed anesthetic reagent that contained 60 μg/ml medetomidine, 800 μg/ml midazolam, and 100 μg/ml butorphanol
[17 (link)]. The mixed anesthetic reagent was administered at 50 μl/10 g body weight. A biodegradable gel containing 0.1 × PBS was transplanted into the
bursa of the left ovary, and a gel containing recombinant VEGF, bFGF, or HGF was transplanted into the right ovary. The surgical procedure was performed according to a previous report [18 (link)]. Ovaries from non-treated 10-week-old female ICR mice were used as controls. Ovaries were removed 5 days after transplantation and fixed with SUPER FIX
(KURABO, Osaka, Japan) at 4°C overnight. Then, fixed ovaries were embedded in paraffin and were sliced into 5-μm-thick serial sections.
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5

Investigating FVIIa and APC Signaling

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Recombinant human FVIIa was provided by the Late Walter Kisiel, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (NM). APC was obtained from Enzyme Research Laboratories (South Bend, IN). Recombinant mouse VEGF, TNFα, and anti-mouse VCAM-1 antibodies were from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). Monoclonal antibodies against PAR1 (ATAP2, WEDE15), ß-arrestin1, and ICAM-1 were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX). Polyclonal antibodies against ß-arrestin2 were obtained from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Hercules, CA). SPAN12 mAb clone was kindly provided by Lawrence Brass (University of Pennsylvania). Antibodies against phosphospecific Akt (p-Akt S473), GSK3 (p-GSK3 α/ß S21/9), eNOS (p-eNOS S1177), phosphospecific and total ERK1/2 were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). LY-6G antibody was from Novus Biologicals (Littleton, CO). ELISA kits for measuring mouse cytokines TNFα, IL-1ß, and CCL2 were obtained from either Affymetrix or e-Biosciences (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA).
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