For all experiments, Agilent 7100 CE System (Waldbronn, Germany) coupled with UV–Vis absorbance diode array detector and equipped with automatic injector was used. For separation, bare fused silica capillary (Polymicro Technologies, Phoenix, USA) of total length of 64.5 cm (effective length of 56 cm) and inner diameter of 75 µm was utilized. To measure peak areas, migration times, and other data, Agilent ChemStation software was used. Peaks of these compounds were identified by comparing their spectra in the standard sample with those in the biological sample, as well as by comparing the migration times of analytes on electropherograms of the standard and the real sample. To shake the samples, a vortex was used, in turn, a thermostat was used to evaporate the organic solvent, and the pH of the solutions was adjusted using a pH-meter from Mettler Toledo (Switzerland). The deionized water used for all experiments was purified using a Millipore Milli‐Q‐RG System (Waterford, Ireland).
Milli q rg system
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Austria, Ireland
The Milli-Q RG system is a water purification system designed to produce high-quality, ultrapure water for laboratory applications. It utilizes a multi-stage filtration process to remove various contaminants, ensuring the water meets the necessary purity standards for a wide range of scientific and analytical procedures.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ph meter, by Mettler Toledo (3 mentions)
Bare fused silica capillary, by Molex (2 mentions)
7100 ce system, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
1220 infinity lc system, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Fiveeasy f 20 ph meter, by Mettler Toledo (2 mentions)
Zorbax sb c18, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Mikro 220r centrifuge, by Hettich (2 mentions)
Hi 221 ph meter, by Hanna Instruments (2 mentions)
1200 series hplc system, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Hi 221, by Hanna Instruments (2 mentions)
Centrivap, by Labconco (2 mentions)
Mikro 220r, by Hettich (2 mentions)
L glutamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin solution, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
6 carboxy 2 7 dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate dcf da, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Chemstation software, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Boric acid, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Diode array detector, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
20 protocols using milli q rg system
1
Capillary Electrophoresis for Compound Analysis
2
Profiling Bioactive Compounds in Meat Tissues
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All chemicals
used during this study were commercially available and analytical
reagent grade except for the derivatization reagent 1-benzyl-2-chloropyridinium
bromide (BCPB) and LLys. BBCP and LLys were synthesized according
to the method previously described.14 (link),27 (link) LA, tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine
(THP), Pronase E from Streptomyces griseus, protease
from Bacillus licheniformis (subtilisin A), DPPH,
and sodium tetraborate decahydrate were received from Sigma-Aldrich
Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). HPLC grade acetonitrile (MeCN), sodium
hydroxide, and boric acid were from J.T. Baker (Deventer, The Netherlands),
while perchloric acid (PCA), sodium borohydride, and hydrochloric
acid were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Acetic acid was
achieved from Chempur (Piekary Śla̧skie, Poland) and
pure anhydrous calcium chloride from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). Deionized
water was obtained from a Millipore Milli-QRG system (Millipore, Vienna,
Austria).
The most commonly consumed samples of liver, heart,
kidney, and stomach from cows, calves, pigs, chicken and turkey were
analyzed. The studied meat samples were purchased from local markets
or a local meat processing company with the exception of a beef heart
and kidney, a pork stomach, and a veal heart, which were obtained
from a local slaughterhouse. Tissues were kept in vacuum bags in a
freezer at −20 °C until processing.
used during this study were commercially available and analytical
reagent grade except for the derivatization reagent 1-benzyl-2-chloropyridinium
bromide (BCPB) and LLys. BBCP and LLys were synthesized according
to the method previously described.14 (link),27 (link) LA, tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine
(THP), Pronase E from Streptomyces griseus, protease
from Bacillus licheniformis (subtilisin A), DPPH,
and sodium tetraborate decahydrate were received from Sigma-Aldrich
Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). HPLC grade acetonitrile (MeCN), sodium
hydroxide, and boric acid were from J.T. Baker (Deventer, The Netherlands),
while perchloric acid (PCA), sodium borohydride, and hydrochloric
acid were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Acetic acid was
achieved from Chempur (Piekary Śla̧skie, Poland) and
pure anhydrous calcium chloride from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). Deionized
water was obtained from a Millipore Milli-QRG system (Millipore, Vienna,
Austria).
The most commonly consumed samples of liver, heart,
kidney, and stomach from cows, calves, pigs, chicken and turkey were
analyzed. The studied meat samples were purchased from local markets
or a local meat processing company with the exception of a beef heart
and kidney, a pork stomach, and a veal heart, which were obtained
from a local slaughterhouse. Tissues were kept in vacuum bags in a
freezer at −20 °C until processing.
3
HPLC-UV Analysis of Analytes
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An Agilent 1220 Infinity LC system equipped with a binary pump integrated with two-channel degasser, autosampler, temperature-controlled column compartment and diode-array detector (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) was used for the HPLC–UV experiments. Data acquisition and analysis were performed using an OpenLAB CDS ChemStation software. Analytes were separated on ZORBAX SB-C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5.0 µm) column from Agilent Technologies (Waldbronn, Germany). During the study, a Mikro 220R centrifuge with fast cool function (Hettich Zentrifugen, Tuttlingen, Germany), and a FiveEasy F-20 pH-meter (Mettler Toledo, Greifensee, Switzerland) were also used. Water was purified using a Milli-QRG system (Millipore, Vienna, Austria).
4
Antimicrobial Evaluation of LCLB56-AgCs
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Effectiveness of LCLB56-AgCs was studied against following bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC10145, Proteus mirabilis ATCC25933 (Collection of the Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University), S. epidermidis ATCC49461 from the collection of Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, MSSA ATCC29213 (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus), and S. aureus ATCC6338 from Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Torun. Mueller–Hinton (MH) broth was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany), and a solution of phosphate buffered saline (PBS-10X) was supplied from GenoPlast (Poland). L929 mouse Cell Line from European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM), glutamine, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were from Sigma-Aldrich. MTP Anchor Chip 384 target (Bruker Daltonik, Bremen, Germany) was used in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI–TOF MS) experiments, as well as chemicals from Sigma-Aldrich. The milk was supplied by Dairy Factory in Drzycim, Poland. Water was purified using a Milli-Q RG system by Millipore (Millipore Intertech, Bedford, MA, USA).
5
HPLC Analysis of Analytes
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All analyses were performed on a 1200 Series HPLC system (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) equipped with a quaternary pump, vacuum degasser, autosampler, module of temperature control, and spectrofluorometric detector. All analyses were controlled by HP ChemStation software. A Hamilton PRP-1 column from Energy Way, Reno, NV, USA, parameters: 150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm was used for the analyte separation. Water used for the mobile phase preparation was distilled with the use of a Milli-QRG system from Millipore in Vienna, Austria. The pH of the phosphate buffer and mobile phases was controlled using a HI 221 pH meter, model Hanna Instruments, Woonsocket, RI, USA. Precipitated proteins were separated using a Hettich Micro 200R centrifuge (Hettich Zentrifugen, Tuttlingen, Germany). For sample homogenization, an IKA T10 basic homogenizer (IKA®-Werke GmbH&Co. KG, Staufen, Germany) was used.
6
HPLC Analysis of Pharmaceutical Samples
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The analyses were performed on 1220 Infinity LC system from Agilent equipped with a binary pump integrated with a two-channel degasser, autosampler, column oven and diode array detector. The samples were injected using the autosampler. Chromatographic separation was achieved on the Zorbax SB C-18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column from Agilent Technologies (Waldbronn, Germany). For instrument control, data acquisition and analysis, OpenLAB software was applied. Water was purified using Milli-QRG system (Millipore, Vienna, Austria). For pH measurement, an HI 221 (Hanna Instruments, Woonsocket, RI, USA) pH meter was used. Precipitated proteins were removed from the sample using Hettich Mikro 200R (Hettich Zentrifugen, Tuttlingen, Germany) centrifuge.
7
Capillary Electrophoresis for Biomolecule Analysis
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For all experiments, an Agilent 7100 CE System (Waldbronn, Germany) coupled with UV-Vis absorbance diode-array detector and equipped with automatic injector was used. The bare fused silica capillary (Polymicro Technologies, Phoenix, AZ, USA) with a total length of 40 cm (effective length of 31.5 cm) and an inner diameter of 75 µm was used as the separation column. To measure migration times, peak heights, peak areas, and other data Agilent ChemStation Rev. B.04.02. SP1 software were used. The Millipore Milli-Q-RG System (Waterford, Ireland) was used for the deionization of water. A pH meter (Mettler-Toledo, Columbus, Ohio, USA) was used to adjust the pH of the buffer solutions and to shake the samples vortex. The Labconco CentriVap (Kansas City, MO, USA) was used to lyophilize samples, and a centrifuge with a fast cool function (Mikro 220R, Hettich Zentrifugen, Tuttlingen, Germany) was used to centrifuge the samples. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed on a Nicolet iS50FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Scientific, Madison, WI, USA) with a DTGS detector and the EasyDiff (PIKE Technologies, Fitchburg, WI, USA) diffuse reflectance accessory over the spectral region from 4000 to 400 cm−1, using 64 sample scans and a resolution of 4 cm−1.
8
Caffeine-Loaded Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles
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All chemicals were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Caffeine in anhydrous powder form ReagentPlus Grade and PCL preformed in flakes with an average molecular weight of 14,000 g/mol were used. Acetone with purity ≥ 99.5% in compliance with European Pharmacopedia standards and acetonitrile of an HPLC grade ≥ 99.9% were employed as solvents. Phosphate buffer solution was prepared with the following chemicals: 8 mg/mL sodium chloride anhydrous ≥ 99%, 0.2 mg/mL potassium chloride ACS grade ≥ 99.5%, 1.44 mg/mL sodium phosphate dibasic dehydrate ≥ 99%, and 0.24 mg/mL potassium dihydrogen phosphate ACS reagent ≥ 99%. Ultrapure water was produced by means of a Milli-Q RG system by Millipore R (Billerica, MA, USA).
9
Sensitive HPLC Analysis of Compounds
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The Agilent 1220 Infinity HPLC system (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) coupled with the diode-array detector and equipped with a binary pump, degasser, automatic injector, and column oven was used to perform all of the experiments. Separation was performed on the Zorbax SB C-18 chromatographic column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm, Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany). The peaks corresponding to the analytes were assigned by comparing both the diode-array spectra and the retention times recorded for the real samples with the matching set of data achieved for authentic compounds. For instrument control, data acquisition, and quantitative analysis, the OpenLAB ChemStation Edition software was used. The Millipore Milli-Q-RG System (Waterford, Ireland) deionizer was used for water purification. Deionized water (Type 1) was obtained with a resistivity of 18 kΩ·cm at 25 °C. The water was filtered using a membrane filter with a pore diameter of 0.22 μm. The pH meter (Mettler-Toledo, Greifensee, Switzerland) was used to adjust the pH of the buffer solutions, for proteins removal a centrifuge with a fast cooling function (Mikro 220R, Hettich Zentrifugen, Tuttlingen, Germany) was applied, and the Labconco CentriVap (Kansas, MO, USA) was used to lyophilize the samples.
10
Lipid Extraction and Oxidative Stress Assays
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Phospholipon90G (>90% phosphatidylcholine; P90G) was purchased from Lipoid GmbH (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Propylene glycol was purchased from Galeno (Carmignano, Prato, Italy). LC-MS grade acetonitrile was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Formic acid (99%), used as additive of aqueous mobile phase, was purchased from Carlo Erba Srl (Milan, Italy). Deionized water was obtained with a Milli-Q RG system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
L-glutamine, penicillin/streptomycin solution, lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (LPS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640), and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Furthermore, 6-Carboxy-2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCF-DA) and 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM Diacetate) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (San Jose, CA, USA).
L-glutamine, penicillin/streptomycin solution, lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (LPS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640), and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Furthermore, 6-Carboxy-2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCF-DA) and 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM Diacetate) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (San Jose, CA, USA).
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