Cellsens entry version 1

Three-D printed printlets were washed with 2-propanol to remove any uncured liquid formulation on the surface immediately after fabrication, then they were weighed and measured (diameter and thickness, n = 10) using a caliper. The breaking force of printlets (n = 10) was measured using a hardness tester Erweka TBH 125D (Erweka, Langen, Germany). Microscopic observations of placebo and optimal printlets were done under a polarized light microscope Olympus BX 51P (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). Photos were acquired using cellSens Entry Version 1.14 software (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).

Optical microscopy under polarized light was employed to investigate the signs of anisotropy in the transient phases and nanoemulsion samples (×100 magnification) with Olympus BX53P polarizing microscope, and the obtained images were analyzed with the cellSens Entry version 1.14 software (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).
To gain a direct access into the microstructure, i.e., to determine its morphological properties and to confirm the mean droplet size data, the representative nanoemulsion samples F1 and F2 prepared with different cosurfactants were investigated using Ntegra prima atomic force microscope (NT-MDT). Prior to measurements, 10 μL of diluted nanoemulsions (1:100 or 1:1000 v/v) were placed on the circular mica substrate discs (Highest Grade V1 AFM Mica Discs, Ted Pella Inc., Redding, CA, USA) and dried under vacuum for 24 h at 25 °C. Measurements were carried out in the air using intermittent-contact AFM mode. For this purpose, NT-MDT NSGO1 silicon cantilevers (N-type, Antimony doped, Au reflective coating) were used. The nominal force constant of these cantilevers was 5.1 N/m. During the measurements cantilever driving frequency was around 150 kHz. Both topography and “error signal” AFM images were taken, and later analyzed using Image Analysis 2.2.0 (NT-MDT) software.

An Olympus BX53-P polarized microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) with UPLFLN4XP and UPLFLN10XP objectives was used for visual examination of a cross section of the tablets’ internal structure before and after dissolution testing, as well as for crystal detection. Photos were acquired using cellSens Entry Version 1.14 software (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).