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Geneart strings dna fragment

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments are custom-made, double-stranded DNA molecules that can be used as building blocks for various molecular biology applications. They are designed to provide a reliable and standardized source of DNA fragments.

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30 protocols using geneart strings dna fragment

1

Cloning and Mutation of Cyclopean Opsins

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Cr2c-Cyclop1 was firstly cloned from C. reinhardtii cDNA. Due to differences between the cloned sequence and the JGI database sequence (Additional file 2: Figure S2), the database sequence Cre11.g467678 was synthesized by GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (Life Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific) with optimized restriction sites to facilitate the following cloning and mutation. Both sequences and several derivative constructs (Additional file 2: Figure S2) were inserted into pGEMHE vector for functional comparison in Xenopus oocytes. Vc2c-Cyclop1 was cloned from V. carteri genomic DNA and cDNA fragments and inserted into the pGEMHE vector. Mutations were introduced into the primer sequence by PCR and ligated with existing restriction site in the sequence. BiFC constructs were made by ligating the PCR-amplified opsin part to the BiFC vector [12 , 18 ] with introduced KpnI and XhoI restriction sites in the primer.
All constructs were confirmed by DNA sequencing. cRNAs for Xenopus oocyte injection were made with the AmpliCap-MaxT7 High Yield Message Maker Kit (Epicentre Biotechnologies) using plasmids linearized by NheI digestion.
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2

Molecular Cloning of PARP Catalytic Domains

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cDNA encoding human PARP10 was obtained from a HeLa cell cDNA
library. cDNA encoding mouse PARP11 was obtained from a mouse embryonic day
16 cDNA library. Full-length PARP11 was cloned into pEGFP-C1 (Clontech). The
catalytic domain (residues 809–1017) of PARP10 was PCR-amplified
from the cDNA library using primers with noncomplementary restriction enzyme
sites located at the 5′ and 3′ ends. The catalytic domain
(residues 481–661) of PARP15 was PCR-amplified from a synthetic
PARP15 (human) gene fragment (GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments, Life
Technologies) using primers with noncomplementary restriction enzyme sites
located at the 5′ and 3′ ends. Amplified products for both
PARP10cat and PARP15cat were cloned into
pET-28b+ (Novagen) for expression. The construct for His-tagged
SRPK2 (human) was obtained from Addgene (Plasmid #39047) in
pNIC28-Bsa4 and contains a deletion of internal segment 268–518. The
construct for full length GFP-tagged PARP10 for mammalian expression was
obtained from Paul Chang at Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(Cambridge, MA). The PARP10 G888W (GW) mutant was generated using the
QuickChange II XL site-directed mutagenesis kit (Agilent). Plasmids were
sequenced from both the 5′ and 3′ direction to confirm the
coding sequence.
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3

Constructing DNA Expression Vectors

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DNA constructs. mCherry reporter constructs were generated by PCR amplification of an mCherry template with forward primers containing the test sequence at the 5′ end and homology to mCherry at the 3′ end. The test sequence for each construct is listed in the following table. The PCR product was purified by NucleoSpin Gel and PCR Clean-up kit (Macherey-Nagel) and integrated into the pcDNA-DEST40, pcDNA-DEST53, or pMT-DEST49 expression vector by the Gateway cloning system (Invitrogen). Luciferase constructs were generated by the same method.
Whole gene constructs were generated by PCR amplification from gene library database constructs from Thermo (MTDH clone ID: 5298467) or Life Technologies GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (ZCRB1) and cloned in pcDNA-DEST40 vector for expression. Synonymous mutations in the natural gene homopolymeric lysine runs were made by site-directed mutagenesis. Human β-globin gene (delta chain; HBD) was amplified from genomic DNA isolated from HDF cells. Insertions of poly(A) track, AAG codons, or premature stop codon in HBD constructs were made by site-directed mutagenesis. The sequences of inserts are given in table S6.
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4

Germline Antibody Gene Synthesis

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Five ACPAs were reverted to their germline sequences according to the Ig repertoire from the ImMunoGeneTics database with the V–D, D–J, and V–J junctions unchanged. The germline IgH genes for all the antibodies and germline IgL genes for the ACPAs R79P1-C3 and R97P1-A1 were synthesized using GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (Life Technologies). Germline IgL genes of the other 3 antibodies were directly obtained from single-cell clones derived from naive B cells of healthy donors.
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5

Cloning of α, β, and γ Synuclein Mutants

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FLAG3-tagged (3K, KLK, EIV and EGR) and untagged (wt and 3K) αS, βS and γS mutant variant constructs were designed using GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) and ligated into pcDNA4/TO/myc-His plasmids using the In-Fusion HD cloning system (Takara, Mountain View, CA) according to manufacturer instructions. YFP-tagged βS and γS variants were cloned using specific primers as described for αS (30 (link)).
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6

Engineered Protein-Protein Interaction

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The iLID [13 (link)] consisting of LOV-A (AsLOV2-SsrA) and SspB and the DNA polymerase (Pfu-Sso7d) gene were synthesized by GeneArt Strings DNA fragments (Life Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Darmstadt) according to the published DNA sequences. The Lyn11 sequence and H1021 sequence were ordered as DNA primers and fused to iLID by PCR. The bPAC, YFP, pGEMHE vector and pET28b vector were from the lab stock. The designed constructs in Figure 1A were inserted into the Xenopus oocyte expression vector pGEMHE within N-terminal BamHI and C-terminal HandIII restriction sites. The constructs used for E. coli expression were cloned into pET28b vector within N-terminal NcoI and C-terminal HandIII restriction sites. Mutations of SspB_micro and SspB_milli were made by QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis. All DNA sequences were confirmed by sequencing.
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7

Synthetic Geo6A Peptide Expression in E. coli

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A synthetic DNA coding Geo6A precursor peptide with optimized codon sequences for E. coli was ordered using GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (Thermo Fisher Scientific) biosynthesis service. The DNA sequence was designed (Supplementary File 2) to code His6-tag and TEV peptidase recognition sites at the N-terminus of the peptide. DNA fragment His-TEV-geo6A was ligated into vector pET15b between NcoI and BamHI restriction sites using T4 DNA ligase and restriction endonucleases. The ligated DNA was transformed into E. coli DH5α by electroporation. Positive transformants were selected on LB-agar plates containing 50 μg/mL ampicillin and by colony PCR using Duet-up1 (5′-GGATCTCGACGCTCTCCCT-3′) and T7 Terminator (5′-GCTAGTTATTGCTCAGCGG-3′) primers. The constructed vector containing cloned gene (pET-His-TEV-geo6A) was extracted from bacteria culture and the DNA sequence of the insert was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
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8

Production of PMab-2 Monoclonal Antibody in N. benthamiana

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N. benthamiana codon-optimized HC, fused with SEKEDL at the C-terminus for retention at the ER, and LC genes of the PMab-2 monoclonal antibody (Fujii et al., 2017 (link)) were synthesized using GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The HC and LC genes were amplified using the primers pBYR2HS-MYL-F and pBYR2HS-KDEL-R, and pBYR2HS-MRF-F and pBYR2HS-stopC-R (Supplemental Table S1), respectively. The PCR products were introduced into SalI-digested pBYR2HS (Yamamoto et al., 2018 (link)), using the In-Fusion HD Cloning Kit (Takara Bio). The resulting constructs were designated as either pBYR2HS-PMab2H or pBYR2HS-PMab2L, respectively.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101, harboring either pBYR2HS-PMab2H or pBYR2HS-PMab2L, were grown separately in L-broth medium containing 10 mM MES (pH 5.6), 20 µM acetosyringone, 100 mg/L kanamycin, 30 mg/L gentamycin, and 30 mg/L rifampicin, up to the stationary phase, at 28°C. The Agrobacterium culture was then centrifuged at 3,700 ×g for 15 min, the supernatant was discarded, and the A. tumefaciens pellet was resuspended in the infiltration buffer [10 mM MgCl2, 10 mM MES (pH 5.6), and 100 µM acetosyringone]. The concentration of A. tumefaciens in the suspension was adjusted to OD600 = 1. The suspensions of A. tumefaciens harboring pBYR2HS-PMab2H and pBYR2HS-PMab2L were mixed at a ratio of 1:1.
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9

Construct Plasmid Carrying Xenopus LDH

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To construct a plasmid carrying the gene for LDH from X. laevis, a gene fragment, whose codons were optimized for S. cerevisiae, was synthesized (GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments; Thermo Fischer Scientific, Waltham, MA) (Fig. S1). The fragment was amplified through PCR from this synthesized fragment using the primer set shown in Table S1 and then cloned into pMD20. After confirming the nucleotide sequence of the cloned fragment, it was subcloned into the SalI-BamHI sites of pGK426 (Ishii et al. 2009 (link)), and the resulting plasmid was designated pGK426-Xe_LDH. Finally, the pGK426-Xe_LDH plasmid was introduced into HOG1 single and HOG1 and CYB2 double disruptants of W303-1B.
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10

Recombinant Ion Channel Expression in Oocytes

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The bovine olfactory organ CNG (Bos taurus CNGA2) channel mutant T537S was already used in a previous study with PACα and PACβ from E. gracilis (Schröder-Lang et al., 2007 (link)). The bPAC sequence is as previously published (Stierl et al., 2011 (link)). The SthK channel DNA sequence was synthesized by GeneArt Strings DNA Fragments (Life technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the published amino acid sequence (Brams et al., 2014 (link); Kesters et al., 2015 (link)) with codon usage optimized for Mus musculus. The DNA fragments were ligated and inserted into the oocyte expression vector pGEM-HE within N-terminal BamHI and C-terminal HindIII restriction sites. For the fly transgenic vector, the DNA insert was ligated into the KpnI and BamHI restriction sites of the expression vector pJFRC7, instead of ChR2-XXL (Dawydow et al., 2014 (link)).
Sequences were confirmed by complete DNA sequencing (GATC Biotech). Exact DNA sequences of all different constructs are shown in the Supplementary Data Sheet 1. Plasmids were linearized by NheI digestion. cRNAs were generated by in vitro transcription with the AmpliCap-MaxT7 High Yield Message Maker Kit (Epicentre Biotechnologies), using the linearized plasmid DNA as template.
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