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Antibody against β tubulin

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

The Antibody against β-tubulin is a laboratory reagent used to detect and study the β-tubulin protein, a key component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. This antibody can be used in various analytical techniques, such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunocytochemistry, to visualize and quantify the presence and distribution of β-tubulin in biological samples.

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6 protocols using antibody against β tubulin

1

Western Blot Analysis of Neuronal Proteins

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The PFC samples of rats were homogenized, and proteins were extracted using a Tris–EDTA lysis buffer (1% Triton X-100, 10% glycerol, 20 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 1 mM EDTA) containing freshly added protease inhibitor cocktail (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). After protein determination using a BCA kit, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting were performed. The antibody against β-tubulin (1:1000) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used as an internal control for the concentration of protein loaded, while the primary antibodies against ATP-α (1:1000), GLT-1 (1:5000), GLAST (1:2000), GAD65 (1:1000), GS (1:500), or PAG (1:1000) were used to detect the corresponding target proteins. After incubation in a secondary antibody solution (anti-rabbit antibody, 1:1000), the immunoreactive bands were visualized using an ECL detection kit (Amersham Biosciences, Buckinghamshire, UK). Image Lab software version 5.0 (Bio-Rad) was used for image acquisition and densitometric analysis of the immunoreactive bands. The data were expressed as folds of α-tubulin band in a corresponding lane.
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2

Quantifying Protein Levels in Cell Lysates

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Total protein concentration was measured in LCL lysates and media by the BCA assay (Pierce-Thermo, Rockford, IL, USA). Cell lysates and media were normalized based on total protein concentration prior to immunoblotting. The samples were incubated in Laemmli buffer supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol, boiled, and run on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The goat polyclonal antibody raised against full-length PGRN (anti-PGRNFL, 1:300 dilution; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) and the rabbit polyclonal antibody against human progranulin (1:500 dilution; Genetex, Irvine, CA USA) were used. An antibody against β-tubulin (dilution 1:20,000; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) was used in parallel for further normalization.
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3

Antibody-drug Conjugate T-DM1 Internalization

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The T‐DM1 and trastuzumab were purchased from F. Hoffmann‐La Roche (Basel, Switzerland). Napabucasin and DM1 were purchased from Meilunbio Inc. (Dalian, China). LysoTracker Deep Red and DyLight 488 NHS ester were purchased from Thermo‐Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Propidium iodide, sulforhodamine B, and the antibody against β‐tubulin were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against HER2, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), phospho‐STAT1 (Tyr701), STAT1, phospho‐STAT3 (Tyr705), STAT3, phospho‐STAT5 (Tyr694), STAT5, phospho‐EGFR (Tyr845), phospho‐HER3 (Tyr1289), phospho‐c‐MET (Tyr1234/1235), phospho‐FGFR1 (Tyr653/654), phospho‐histone H3 (Ser10), PARP and c‐Myc were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibodies against leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR), interleukin‐6 receptor (IL‐6R), granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor receptor (GM‐CSFR), β‐actin, and caspase‐3 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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4

Signaling Pathway Inhibitors in Cancer

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T-DM1 and trastuzumab were purchased from F. Hoffmann-La Roche (Basel, Switzerland). Gefitinib, AZD4547, crizotinib, sunitinib, imatinib, dasatinib, PD 0325901 and GDC-0941 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). DM1 was purchased from Meilunbio Inc. (Dalian, China). T-DM1 and trastuzumab were dissolved in saline, and small molecule compounds were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Lyso-Tracker Deep Red and DyLight 488 NHS ester were purchased from Thermo-Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Sulforhodamine B and the antibody against β-tubulin were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against phospho-HER2 (Tyr1221/1222), HER2, phospho-EGFR (Tyr845), EGFR, phospho-HER3 (Tyr1289), HER3, phospho-Met (Tyr1234/1235), phospho-IGF-IR (Tyr1135/1136)/IR (Tyr1150/1151), phospho-Akt (Ser473), phospho-Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), phospho-PTEN (Ser380/Thr382/383), PTEN, phospho-Src family kinase (Tyr416), c-Src, Yes, Fyn, Lyn, Lck, Csk and PARP were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibodies against Erk1/2, p27, TYMS, and THOC1 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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5

Protein Quantification and Western Blotting in Rat PFC

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The PFC samples of rats were homogenized, and proteins were extracted using a
Tris-EDTA lysis buffer (1% Triton X-100, 10% glycerol, 20 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 1 mM EDTA) containing freshly added protease inhibitor cocktail (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). After protein determination using a BCA kit, sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting were performed. The antibody against β-tubulin (1:1000) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used as an internal control for the concentration of protein loaded, while the primary antibodies against ATP-α (1:1000), GLT-1 (1:5000), GLAST (1:2000), GAD65 (1:1000), GS (1:500), or PAG (1:1000) were used to detect the corresponding target proteins. After incubation in a secondary antibody solution (anti-rabbit antibody, 1:1000), the immunoreactive bands were visualized using an ECL detection kit (Amersham Biosciences, Buckinghamshire, UK). Image Lab software version 5.0 (Bio-Rad) was used for image acquisition and densitometric analysis of the immunoreactive bands. The data were expressed as folds of α-tubulin band in a corresponding lane.
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6

Mortalin Silencing Impacts Autophagy

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MCF7/LCC9 cells were transfected with a scrambled control siRNA or GRP75 (mortalin) targeting siRNA for 72 hr before protein was harvested. Proteins were size fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. Membranes were incubated overnight with primary antibodies to either LC3A/B, p62, mortalin, ATG5, or PINK1 (Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA, USA) to determine the effect of mortalin silencing (the target protein of MKT-077) on autophagosome formation, flux, and autophagy. Protein levels were visualized by chemiluminescence and quantified by densitometry. Protein loading was visualized by probing membranes with an antibody against β-tubulin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).
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