Su8100 scanning electron microscope

The methodology and equipment used for characterization, such as Fourier trans-form infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, Platinum Elmer, USA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, STA449F3 Thermogravimetric instrument, NETZSCH, Germany), X-ray diffrac-tion patterns (XRD, Brock D8 ADVANCE, Brock, Switzerland), a scanning electron mi-croscope (SEM, Su8100 scanning electron microscope, Hitachi, Japan), a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM, JEM-2100 F high-resolution transmission electron microscope, JEOL, Japan), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET, ASAP 2020 surface area and porosity analyzer, Micromeritics, USA), X-ray photoelectron spec-trometry (XPS, K-alpha device, Thermo Field), and Bruker 400M NMR carbon spectrum (¹³C NMR, Brock, Germany) analysis, were consistent with our previous work [30 (link)]. The structural analysis of modified magnetic nanoparticles (FT-IR, TGA, XRD, and SEM) and pitch-based adsorbents (FT-IR, TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM, VSM, and BET) were presented in detail [30 (link)].

Micrographs were captured using an SU8100 scanning electron microscope (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The freeze-dried samples were evenly distributed on the sample stage with a double adhesive tape and plated with a conductive gold layer (approximately 10 nm thick). The micrographs were obtained under low vacuum at an accelerating potential of 15 kV and were used to observe any damage to the sample surface.

UV-Vis spectra were collected on a Cary 300 spectrometer. IR spectra were recorded on a Nicolet iS50 spectrometer using KBr pellets in the region of 4000–500 cm⁻¹. ¹H NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Unity 400 (400 MHz) NMR spectrometer. Chemical shifts were reported on the d-scale relative to tetramethylsilane (TMS). Mass spectra were obtained using a Brucker Autoflex speed TOF/TOF Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Thermal analysis was recorded on Perkin-Elmer TG-7 apparatus (sample: 3–4 mg, heating rate: 10 °C/min, and nitrogen atmosphere). Fluorescence spectra were recorded with a HITACHI F-7000 spectrofluorometer. SEM figures were collected by the HITACHI SU8100 scanning electron microscope. A single-spindle electrostatic spinning machine was used to prepare electrospun fibers.
The reagents and solvents used in the experiment were of the commercial analytical pure grade and were used without further purification. The 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin was synthesized in the laboratory according to [21 (link)].

The purified chitosanase SH21 was mixed with F. solani culture and incubated at 28 °C for 1 day with shaking at 180 rpm. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) samples were prepared as described by Kang [41 ]. The morphological alterations and ultrastructure of the samples were observed using a SU8100 scanning electron microscope (HITACHI, Tokyo, Japan) and HT7800 transmission electron microscope (HITACHI, Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

WT and ΔadcAΔlmb strains were grown in CDM with 0.01 mM ZnSO₄ overnight, washed three times in zinc-restricted CDM, and inoculated at OD₆₀₀ = 0.2 in 15 mL Zn-deprived (without Zn) or Zn-containing CDM (with 0.01 mM Zn) for 5.5 h. The bacteria were harvested by centrifugation and cells were washed three times with PBS containing 0.25 mM EDTA. Next, bacteria were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde at 4°C overnight. The samples were then treated with 1% osmium tetroxide for 2 h at room temperature and dehydrated in a serial dilution of ethanol. The dehydrated cells were coated with a 10-nm-thick gold layer for 30 s and observed by a SU8100 scanning electron microscope (Hitachi, Japan).

The seeds from the four stages were fixed with 2.5 % glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4), dehydrated using a concentration series of ethanol (30 %, 50 %, 70 %, 80 %, 85 %, 90 %, 95 %, 100 %, and 100 % v/v) for 15 min, and then incubated with isoamyl acetate. The samples were treated with vacuum after air drying and were coated with gold in a vacuum evaporator (Quorum). The specimens were viewed and photographed under a HITACHI SU8100 scanning electron microscope. Seeds from the four stages described above were sampled to quantify the physiological parameters; three biological replicates were performed for the four stages. In brief, the soluble sugar content (SSC) and starch in seeds were determined using the anthrone method [57 (link)]. Soluble protein content was determined using the Coomassie brilliant blue G250 staining method [58 (link)]. A auto fat analyzer was used for C. migao lipid determination. MDA content was estimated using the thiobarbituric acid method, as reported by Hodges et al. [59 (link)], with minor modifications. SOD activity was analyzed using the nitroblue tetrazolium chloride method described by Lacan and Baccou [60 ], with minor modifications. POD activity was determined following the guaiacol method [61 ], with minor modifications. Catalase activity was determined using UV spectrophotometry [62 (link)], with minor modifications.