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Mito tracker

Manufactured by Yeasen
Sourced in China

The Mito-Tracker is a lab equipment designed to detect and analyze mitochondria within cells. It utilizes fluorescent dyes to specifically label and visualize mitochondria, allowing researchers to study their structure, distribution, and function within the cellular environment.

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7 protocols using mito tracker

1

Mitochondrial Dynamics Regulation in Cell Apoptosis

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Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), penicillin-streptomycin solution, 0.25% trypsin/EDTA, and phosphate-buffered saline were purchased from Gibco. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Biological Industries. Rabbit monoclonal anti-Mfn1(Cat#: 14739S), rabbit monoclonal anti-Mfn2(Cat#: 9482S), rabbit monoclonal anti-Opa1(Cat#: 80471S), rabbit polyclonal anti-Drp1(Phospho Ser616 Cat#: 4494S), rabbit monoclonal anti-AMPKα (Phospho Thr172 Cat#: 2535S), and rabbit monoclonal anti-β-actin(Cat#: 4970T) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. Rabbit monoclonal anti-Fis1(Cat#: ab156865) and rabbit monoclonal anti-DRP1(Cat#: ab184247) were purchased from Abcam. DMSO, Mito-Tracker, BCA Protein Quantification Kit, RIPA lysis buffer, protease inhibitor cocktail, phosphatase inhibitors, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit, and other Western blotting reagents were purchased from Yeasen (Shanghai, China). Annexin V-Alexa Fluor 647/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit was purchased from Fcmacs (Nanjing, China). The mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit with JC-1 was purchased from Beyotime (Nanjing, China). Unless otherwise indicated, all other chemicals and reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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2

Multicolor Fluorescence Microscopy for Cellular Stress

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Three additional fluorescence probes were used in this study, apart from Calcein-AM/PI and FDA, mentioned above. Images were obtained using a confocal microscope (Nikon). The cells were incubated for 30 min with 5 μM CellROX (50103ES50; Yeasen Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. Shanghai, China) to detect oxidative stress in them. CellROX gets localized in the cytoplasm and can react with reactive oxygen species (ROS) to turn bright fluorescent (ex/em, ∼ 545/565 nm). The cells were incubated for 30 min with 200 μM Mitotracker (40740ES50; Yeasen) or 15 μM JC-1(HY-15534; MCE) to detect oxidative stress. The cell-permeant Mitotracker® probes contain a mildly thiol-reactive chloromethyl moiety for mitochondrial labeling. Fluorescence intensity depends on the mitochondrial membrane potential (ex/em, ∼579/599 nm). JC-1 exhibits potential-dependent accumulation in the mitochondria, indicated by a fluorescence emission shift from green to red. While red fluorescence indicates a normal mitochondrial membrane potential, green fluorescence reflects an alteration of the latter (ex/em, ∼510/527 nm).
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3

Multimodal Cytotoxicity Assay Protocol

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MTT, calcein-AM, EthD-1, AnnexinV-FITC/PI, ER-tracker, Mito-Tracker, Fluo-4-AM,
DAPI, Hoechst 33342, H2DCF-DA, MEQ, and BCECF-AM were purchased from Yeasen
(Shanghai, China). Z-VAD-fmk, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), bafilomycinA1 (Baf),
cycloheximide (CHX), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), reduced
glutathione (GSH), SB203580, U0126, SP600125, ruthenium red (RR), and disodium
4,4′-diisothiocyanato-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonate hydrate (DIDS) were obtained from
Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX). The following antibodies were used: Cleaved
Caspase Antibody Sampler Kit 9929T (cleaved caspase-3, -7, and -9 and cleaved
poly-ADP-ribose polymerase [PARP]), Procaspase Antibody Sampler Kit 12742T
(Caspase-3, -7, and -9; PARP), Bcl-2 (3498T), Bax (2772T), Beclin-1(3495T),
LC3I/II (12741T), p62(5114S), ER Stress Antibody Sampler Kit 9956T (calnexin,
BiP, IRE1α, CHOP), ubiquitin (43124S), XBP1s (83418S), MAPK Family Antibody
Sampler Kit 9926T (ERK 1/2, p38, JNK), Phospho-MAPK Family Antibody Sampler Kit
9910T (phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-p38, phospho-JNK, Rabbit IgG HRP, Mouse IgG HRP),
GAPDH (5174S), and chloride intracellular channel-1 (CLIC1; 53424S) were
purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Alexa Fluor 647
AffiniPure Goat anti-Rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG; H + L) (cat: FMS-RBaf64701)
was obtained from FCMRCS (Nanjing, China).
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4

Mitochondrial Imaging in Primary Microglia

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After OGD/R, primary microglial cells were stained with 200 nM mitotracker (YEASEN) at normal cell culture conditions for ≈30 min. After mitotracker staining, cells were immediately harvested on coverslip and images of fluorescence were captured with a confocal microscope (OLYMPUS, FV1200, Japan).
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5

Evaluating Oocyte Mitochondrial Function

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To determine the ROS content, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial distribution of oocytes, the procedure was conducted according to the protocols with the ROS kit (50101ES01, Yeasen, Shanghai, China), the JC-1 assay kit (40706ES60, Yeasen, Shanghai, China) and the MitoTracker (40740ES50, Yeasen, Shanghai, China), respectively. First, MII oocytes were collected from ampulla of fallopian tube and immediately washed with M2 medium 3 times. Then oocytes were transferred into M2 medium containing staining solution and incubated at 37 C in the dark for 30 min. After that, oocytes were washed with M2 medium to remove the excess staining solution. All of the live oocytes were observed by a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSM800, Zeiss, Germany). The relative fluorescence intensity was calculated by software of ZEN.
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6

Visualizing NEU1-ALK5 Interaction in HK-2 Cells

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HK-2 cells were plated on glass bottom dish. Transfections were carried out using the lip3000 reagent, with pBiFC-NEU1-VC155 and pBiFC-ALK5-VN173 plasmid. Cells were stimulated with or without TGFβ (10 ng/ml, PeproTech) for 24 h after transfection 24 h, and were stained with Hoechst 33342 (C1028, Beyotime) to label nuclear DNA or with Lyso-Tracker (C1046, Beyotime), Mito-Tracker (40740ES50, Yeasen), and CM-Tracker (C1036, Beyotime) to label lysosome, mitochondrion, and cell plasma membrane, respectively. For the control group, cells were transfected with pBiFC-HA-NEU1-VC155 and pBiFC-VN173 plasmids or pBiFC-ALK5-VN173 and pBiFC-VC155 plasmids. Fluorescence signal amplification was observed using the Zeiss LSM800 confocal laser scanning microscopy.
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7

Visualizing Calcium in Macrophages

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To detect calcium in cytoplasm and mitochondria, macrophages in glass bottom dishes were incubated with 1 μM Fluo4 AM and 200 nM Mitotracker (Yeasen Biotechnology) at 37°C for 30 minutes in the dark, respectively, and then observed with confocal microscopy.
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