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5 protocols using pab421

1

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Surface and Intracellular Proteins

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Cell surface proteins were analyzed by a FACScan flow cytometer and the Lysis II software (BD Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany). Briefly, 106 cells were incubated with the specific primary antibody detecting B7-1 (clone 16-10A1), B7-2 (clone GL-1), H-2K[d] (SF1-1.1), H-2D[d] (clone 34-2-12), or I-A[d] (AMS-32.1) in 20 μl of phosphate buffered saline. After 45 min cells were washed and incubated with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated secondary antibody for 30 min. Antibody concentrations were used as indicated by the manufacturer (BD Biosciences). Free antibodies were removed by washing and samples were analyzed by flow cytometry in 500 μl of phosphate buffered saline.
For detection of intracellular p53, cells were suspended in 1 ml RPMI 1640 medium containing 50% fetal calf serum and fixed for 30 min on ice by drop wise addition of 3 ml 100% ethanol at −20°C. Then cells were washed with 3 × 10 ml phosphate buffered saline before an anti-p53 antibody (PAb 421, Millipore, Schwalbach, Germany) and a FITC conjugated secondary antibody (BD Biosciences) were added according to the recommendations of the manufacturer. Flow cytometry was performed in a volume of 500 μl phosphate buffered saline, after removing unbound antibodies by washing.
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2

Antibodies and siRNA for p53 Pathway

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The anti-p53 antibodies Pab421, Pab246, CM5 and 1C12 were purchased from Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany), Vector laboratories (Burlingame, CA, USA) and Cell signaling (Danvers, MA, USA), respectively. From Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA), we obtained the antibodies against Oct-4 (C-10) Nanog (C-4), c-Jun (H79) and PCNA (PC10). Antibodies against acetylated and phosphorylated p53 (K379, S6, S15, S392) were from Cell signaling. Antibodies against GAPDH (6C5), PARC (PO69) and α-7 (MCP72) were from Hytest (Turku, Finland), BioLegend (San Diego, CA, USA) and Enzo (Loerrach, Germany), respectively. Antibodies against β-Actin and Histone H3 were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK) and the antibody against MdmX (MDMX82) was from Sigma-Aldrich.
siRNAs were purchased from Eurofins (Ebersberg, Germany). Sequences are available on request. siRNA transfections were performed using Macsfectin (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany) following the manufacturer's instructions.
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3

Immunofluorescence analysis of p53 in cancer cells

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HDQ-P1, H1299-R213X, and empty vector-transfected H1299 cells were seeded in six-well plates with glass slides, at a density of 300,000 cells per well for HDQ-P1 cells and 200,000 cells per well for H1299 cells. The next day, cells were treated with 100 µM G418. After 72 h treatment, cells were washed in PBS, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.2% Triton, and washed in PBS. Anti-p53 antibody PAb421 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was diluted 100 times in 2% BSA and anti-p53 antibody FL393 (Santa Cruz, CA, USA) was diluted 400 times in 2% BSA. Both antibodies were mixed and incubated with the cells for 2 h at room temperature. After washing with PBS, cells were incubated with secondary antibodies conjugated with Alexa Fluor dye (Invitrogen/Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sweden), for 1 h at room temperature, washed with PBS and mounted with HardSet mounting medium with DAPI (Vector Laboratories, CA, USA). Images were obtained with a Zeiss Axioplan 2 microscope with an AxioCam HRm Camera.
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4

Protein Extraction and Immunoblotting Procedure

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Cells were washed with ice-cold Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS, Life Technologies) and collected in RIPA buffer (25 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.6, 150 mM NaCl, 1% IGEPAL, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS) (Pierce); supplemented with 1X Halt Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (Thermo Scientific). Samples were incubated on ice for 10 min and cleared by centrifugation at 14000 g for 10 min at 4°C. The protein concentrations of samples were determined with the DC Protein Assay (BioRad) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Samples were stored at −20°C.
SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting was performed with the Novex NuPAGE system (Life Technologies) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The protocol is described in detail elsewhere [20] (link). The following primary antibodies were used: anti TP53 central parts (Pab240, diluted 1∶200, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti TP53 N-terminal (DO-1, diluted 1∶200, Calbiochem Merck), anti TP53 C-terminal (Pab421, diluted 1∶200, Calbiochem Merck), anti DDIT3 (15204-1-AP, diluted 1∶266, Proteintech) and anti GAPDH (mAbcam 9484, diluted 1∶200, Abcam)
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cell Markers

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Tissues fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin were cut as 4 μm sections. Sections were de-paraffinized using xylene and rehydrated in graded ethanol washes. Antigen retrieval was achieved via target retrieval solution low-pH (DAKO S1699) for 30 min at 93 °C for organotypic samples and at 100 °C for mouse or human tissues. Slides were subsequently quenched in 3% H2O2 before application of protein block (Dako) and incubation with primary antibodies (ACTA 1:200, Abcam #ab5694; Pab421 1:100, Merck Millipore; cleaved-caspase 3 1:200, Cell Signalling #9661; Ki67 1:500 Thermo fisher; and A7L6 HSPG2 1:300, Merck Millipore). Secondary antibodies (Envision) coupled to HRP were then applied and detection was performed with diaminobenzidine (DAB). H&E staining and counterstaining were done on the Leica autostainer XL. Quantification of DAB intensity was performed in ImageJ. DAB optical density was measured using color deconvolution and the average DAB intensity was computed for each cell.
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