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Stereo discovery v20

Manufactured by Zeiss
Sourced in Germany, United States, Brazil

The SteREO Discovery.V20 is a stereo microscope designed for a wide range of applications. It offers a magnification range of 6.3x to 200x and a maximum resolution of 900 line pairs per millimeter. The microscope features a wide field of view and long working distance, making it suitable for observing large samples. The optical system is built on a stable, ergonomic stand, providing a comfortable user experience.

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133 protocols using stereo discovery v20

1

Amber Inclusion: Pheidole Ant Morphology

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The studied inclusion was originally immersed in a 26 × 14 × 14 mm, orange, oval Dominican amber piece with a fragmentary specimen of Psocoptera as a syninclusion, which was lost after treatment of the stone. This piece was faceted and polished for better visualization using increasingly finer sandpapers and, lastly, liquid silver polishing on a soft, clean, and dry cloth. The specimen was bought from the eBay store “ambergalleryboutique1” in July 2017. The seller confirmed that the specimen was mined in “La Toca” site. The specimen had the morphospecies code “Pheidole ufv-65” from 2017 to 2019 on Antweb.
The holotype is deposited at the Padre Jesus Santiago Moure Entomological Collection of the Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil (DZUP). Observations were made at 80× magnification with a Zeiss SteREO Discovery.V8 dissecting microscope. Measurements were made with a dual-axis micrometer stage with output in increments of 0.001 mm. All measurements are given in mm. The high-resolution images were made with an Axiocam 305 color camera coupled to a Zeiss SteREO Discovery.V20. Extended depth focus was made with Zen Blue v.2.3 and subsequently treated to correct for brightness and contrast. Digital vectorization was based on original photographs.
We adopted morphological terminology and measurements proposed by Longino (2009) and sculpture terminology by Harris (1979).
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2

Paleobotanical Specimen Imaging Protocol

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Plant megafossils and herbarium specimens were observed using a Zeiss Stereo Discovery V20 stereomicroscope (AxioCam HRc; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany) in the Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China) and photographed using Canon EOS 500D digital camera. Images were processed with DigiCamControl-Free Windows DSLR camera controlling solution (Duka, 2015 ) and Helicon Focus 6.6.1 (Helicon Soft Ltd., Kharkov, Ukraine). Figures were made using Photoshop 2020 (Adobe, San Jose, California, USA) and PALEOMAP PaleoAtlas for GPlates (Scotese, 2016 (link)). All the specimens are housed in the Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University, China. Specimens of living species of Ailanthus were studied in the herbaria of South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCBC) and Sun Yat-sen University (SYS). The terminology of Ailanthus samaras follows Corbett and Manchester (2004) (link).
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3

Ovary Dissection and Imaging Protocol

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One- to seven-day-old female adults were dissected in a glass Petri dish (diameter of 90 mm) (Renyuan Company, Cangzhou, Hebei, China) containing PBS (phosphate buffer saline) buffer (Shenggong Biological Engineering Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) using a ZSA300T Stereomicroscope (Zhong Xian Company, Chongqing, China). A tip tweezer (Shenggong Biological Engineering Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) was used to hold the thoraco-abdominal junction of the moth, and another tip tweezer was used to remove the cephalothorax. The tweezers were then used to open the abdominal epidermis along the thoracic-abdominal junction to reveal the abdominal cavity, and to pull out the ovary and remove other tissues around the ovary [23 (link)]. The ovaries were transferred to a glass slide with a drop of PBS buffer. The glass slide was placed under a Zeiss SteREO Discovery V20 stereomicroscope (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) for the photographing of the ovaries. Ten females of each age were dissected.
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4

Fossil and Extant Quercus Specimens Examined

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Fossil and extant specimens examined here were photographed using a Zeiss Stereo Discovery V20 stereomicroscope (AxioCam HRc; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany) in the Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China). Fossil specimens studied here are preserved in a mixture of 50% alcohol and glycerol (50% alcohol:glycerol = 10:1) and held in the Museum of Biology of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Specimens NNF-037, NNF-232, NNF-346 and extant Quercus disciformis Chun et Tsiang and Qbella Chun et Tsiang were scanned using a three-dimensional X-ray microscope (3D-XRM), Zeiss Xradia 520 versa at the micro-CT laboratory at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The specimen was wrapped with plastic wrap for stability without any other handling. Based on the large size of the present specimens, a CCD-based 0.4× objective was used. Scanning was undertaken using a target at 60 kV (power 5 W) and a filter (LE2) for the fossil and extant specimens. To obtain reconstructions and virtual sections, raw data was processed using VGstudio MAX 3.0 software (Volume Graphics, Germany). Images were adjusted uniformly for brightness and contrast using Adobe Photoshop CS5. All the extant specimens mentioned and cited in the text are listed in Table S1.
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5

Detailed Morphological Analysis of Insect Specimens

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Specimens were collected by sweeping and Malaise traps, and are deposited in the animal systematic laboratory of Yeungnam University (Gyeongsan, South Korea). Morphological terminology follows that of the American Entomological Institute website (http://www.amentinst.org/GIN/morphology.php), wing vein nomenclature is based on Ross (1936) (link). Specimens were examined using an AxioCam MRc5 camera attached to a stereo microscope (Zeiss SteREO Discovery V20; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany), processed using AxioVision SE64 software (Carl Zeiss), and optimized with a Delta imaging system (i-solution, IMT i-Solution Inc. Vancouver, Canada).
Abbreviations used in this paper are as follows: CN, Chungcheongnam-do; GB, Gyeongsangbuk-do; GG, Gyeonggi-do; GW, Gangwon-do; JB, Jeollabuk-do; JN, Jeollanam-do; TL, Type Locality and TD, Type depository. Abbreviations for collections are as follows: MF, Ministry of Forestry, General Station of Forestry Pest and Management, Shenyang, Lioning, China; YNU, Laboratory of Animal Systematics and Taxonomy, Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea and ZI: Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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6

Pollen Fertility Conversion Analysis

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Anthers at different stages from fertile and sterile conditions were photographed with a ZEISS SteREO Discovery.V20 dissecting microscope (ZEISS, Jena, Germany). To further analyze pollen fertility conversion, the anthers of BS366 from meiosis to the mature pollen stage under both fertile and sterile conditions were collected and fixed in FAA solution (formaldehyde: glacial acetic acid: 50% ethanol = 5: 5: 9). The pollen grains were released from anthers by tweezers and dyed with improved carbol fuchsin solution [62 (link)] Photographs of microspores and pollen were obtained using an LEICA DM6000B microscope (LEICA, Wetzlar, Germany). For scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, anthers at the dehiscence stage were collected, fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated, air dried in silica, coated with gold–platinum in a sputter coater and finally examined by SEM (Phenom LE, Wetzlar, Germany) [69 (link)].
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7

Melanin Particle Distribution Analysis

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To determine the melanin particles distribution in resulted films the samples were examined under the light microscope Zeiss SteREO Discovery.V20 (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany)equipped with PlanApo S lens (2.3×, FWD 10 mm) and AxioCam MRc 5 camera, with magnitude 17.2× and 3.7 μm resolution.
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8

Insect Specimen Examination Protocol

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Materials used in this study were collected by sweeping and Malaise trapping, after which they were deposited in the animal systematic laboratory of Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea (YNU). Specimens were examined using an AxioCam MRc5 camera attached to a stereo microscope (Zeiss SteREO Discovery. V20; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany), processed using AxioVision SE64 software (Carl Zeiss), and optimized with a Delta imaging system (i-solution, IMT i-Solution Inc. Vancouver, Canada) Measurements are reported for the holotype followed by variation in other specimens in brackets.
Abbreviations are as follows: NHM

, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom

; ZSI

, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, India

; GG

, Gyeonggi-do

; CN

, Chungcheongnam-do

; GB

, Gyeongsangbuk-do

; GN

, Gyeongsangnam-do

.
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9

Petrographic Analysis of Fossiliferous Samples

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Macroscopic features of hand samples were analyzed using a Stereomicroscope ZEISS SteREO Discovery V20 coupled with an Axiocam camera at the Laboratório de Ecologia at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. The preparation of thin sections was carried out in the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS—São Leopoldo). Approximately 119 thin sections of the fossiliferous levels, tuffites, tuffs, and other facies were prepared to compare the petrographic data with the mineralogical results from the other techniques. Representative thin sections were polished for a better characterization of the volcaniclasts and devitrification features. We used Zeiss microscopes at the UNINOS and Université de Poitiers (France).
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10

Root Surface Area Evaluation using Microscopy

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The root surfaces were evaluated using a stereo microscope (Zeiss SteREO Discovery.V20, Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany) equipped with a digital camera system (Axio Cam ICc3, Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany). Images of each surface were captured at 7.5 × magnification and were evaluated using digital image processing software (Axio Vision 4.8, Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany). Using the “outline spline” tool it was possible to delineate the RPL and root area, from the cemento-enamel junction to the apex of each root surface (Figure 1).
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