Lithium perchlorate

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Lithium perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula LiClO4. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and organic solvents. Lithium perchlorate is commonly used as a laboratory reagent and in various industrial applications.

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48 protocols using lithium perchlorate

Synthesis of Metal Complexes

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All used materials including, acetonitrile, Lithium perchlorate, 4-Amino Benzoic acid, Sodium nitrite, Methanol, 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid, and alcohols were purchased from Merck. Hydrochloric acid, Potassium tetrafluoroborate, Co(NO₃)₂. 6H₂O, Dimethylformamide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals have been used without further purification.

Khakyzadeh V, & Sediqi S. (2022). The electro-oxidation of primary alcohols via a coral-shaped cobalt metal–organic framework modified graphite electrode in neutral media. Scientific Reports, 12, 8560.

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Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄), acetonitrile (AN), 3-methoxypropionitrile (MPN), 4-tert-butyl-pyridine (TBP), tert-butanol, iodine 99.8% (I₂), chloroplatinic acid (H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O), 1-propyl-2,3-dimethyl-imidazolium iodide (PMII), lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) and anhydrous lithium iodide (LiI) were used as received from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) without further purification. Ethyl cellulose and α-terpineol were bought from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland). Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass with surface resistivity of 7 Ω cm⁻² was purchased from Ruilong Optoelectronics Co.,Ltd (Miaoli Taiwan). The ruthenium polypyridyl photosensitizer Z907 was obtained from Everlight Chemical Industrial Co. (Taipei, Taiwan).

Chiu W.H., Lee K.M., Suryanarayanan V., Hsu J.F, & Wu M.C. (2021). Controlled Photoanode Properties for Large-Area Efficient and Stable Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaic Modules. Nanomaterials, 11(8), 2125.

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Preparation of Redox Electrolytes for Electrochemical Studies

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The [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3À/4À electrolyte was prepared from deionized water (Millipore, 418.2 MO cm), deuterium oxide (99.9% atom% D, Aldrich), potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) (499%, Alfa Aesar) and potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) trihydrate (99.5%, Sigma). Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (498%, Sigma-Aldrich) and iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate (98%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used for the preparation of the [Fe(H 2 O) 6 ] 3+/2+ electrolyte. For cation dependent measurements, tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl, 498%, Sigma-Aldrich), tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl 498%, Sigma-Aldrich), tetramethylammonium chloride (TMACl 498%, Sigma-Aldrich), lithium chloride (498%, Alfa Aesar), sodium chloride (99.99%, Alfa Aesar), potassium chloride (99.995%, Alfa Aesar), rubidium chloride (99.8%, Alfa Aesar), cesium chloride (99.9%, Alfa Aesar), lithium perchlorate (495%, Sigma-Aldrich), potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate (499%, Alfa Aesar), lithium nitrate (99%, Alfa Aesar), potassium nitrate (99%, Alfa Aesar), rubidium nitrate (99.7%, Sigma-Aldrich) and cesium nitrate (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used. Furthermore, both [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3À/4À and [Fe(H 2 O) 6 ] 3+/2+ redox couples were stable in the presence of perchlorate salts, as shown in the cyclic voltammograms (ESI2, †). This journal is © the Owner Societies 2018

Huang B., Muy S., Feng S., Katayama Y., Lu Y.C., Chen G, & Shao-Horn Y. (2018). Non-covalent interactions in electrochemical reactions and implications in clean energy applications. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP, 20(23).

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Electrolyte Preparation and Separator

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Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, !99.9%), propylene carbonate (PC, !99.5%), dimethyl carbonate (DMC, !99%), lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 , !99%), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 , !97%), and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI, !99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals were dried before use. Karl-Fischer titration showed that the water content for each solvent is lower than 50 ppm. Electrolyte solutions with various lithium-salt molalities were prepared in a glove-bag with a drynitrogen atmosphere. The electrochemical separator is a 25 lm microporous monolayer polypropylene membrane (Celgard 2500).

Sun Y., Radke C.J., McCloskey B.D, & Prausnitz J.M. (2018). Wetting behavior of four polar organic solvents containing one of three lithium salts on a lithium-ion-battery separator. Journal of colloid and interface science, 529.

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Reagent Preparation for Electrochemical Analysis

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Reagents and Materials (-)-Scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate, atropine sulfate, methamphetamine (MA), 3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and 117 Nafion (~5% mixture of lower aliphatic alcohols and water) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Acetonitrile (purchased from Scharlau) was distilled over calcium hydride under a nitrogen atmosphere and collected as required. The [Ir(bt)2(pt-TEG)] + and [Os(diars)2(bthp)] 2+ were prepared as chloride and hexafluorophosphate salts, respectively, according to previously published procedures. [51] [52] [53] [54] All aqueous samples were prepared with Milli-Q (18 mΩ cm -1 ).

Brown K., Allan P., Francis P.S., & Dennany L. (2020). Psychoactive Substances and How to Find Them: Electrochemiluminescence as a Strategy for Identification and Differentiation of Drug Species. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 167(16), 166502-166502.

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Electrochemical Characterization of 4-ATP

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4-Aminothiophenol (4-ATP, 97%), chloroplatinic acid (H₂PtCl₆·xH₂O), Lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄, 98%), methanol (MeOH, anhydrous, 99.8%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All electrochemical experiments were conducted on an Autolab potentiostat (Metrohm, Netherland) by using three-electrode cell in which (modified) glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) were used as working electrode, Ag/AgCl electrode as reference electrode and Pt wire as counter electrode. The morphology of all samples were visualized under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Hitachi S-4800) operated at 5 kV acceleration voltage.

Hoang N.T., Thuan Nguyen P.T., Chung P.D., Thu Ha V.T., Hung T.Q., Nam P.T, & Thu V.T. (2022). Electrochemical preparation of monodisperse Pt nanoparticles on a grafted 4-aminothiophenol supporting layer for improving the MOR reaction. RSC Advances, 12(13), 8137-8144.

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Synthesis of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte

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Tert-butanol (anhydrous, ≥99.5%), nickel acetylacetonate (95% purity), metallic tungsten, hydrogen peroxide (30%), PMMA (M w =996 000), propylene carbonate (PC, ≥99.7%), lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 , ≥95.0%), ethylene glycol (EG, ≥99.5%), acetonitrile (ACN, ≥99.8%) and diethylene glycol n-butyl ether (DB, ≥99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All the chemicals were used without further purification.

Cai G., Darmawan P., Cui M., Chen J., Wang X., Eh A.L., Magdassi S, & Lee P.S. (2016). Inkjet-printed all solid-state electrochromic devices based on NiO/WO3 nanoparticle complementary electrodes. Nanoscale, 8(1).

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Pt/C Catalyst Electrodeposition Protocol

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Potassium tetrachloropalladate(ii) (K₂PdCl₄, 99.99%), lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄, 99.99%), 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT, 97%), potassium hydroxide (KOH, reagent grade >85%) and Nafion solution (5 wt% in lower alcohols) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Acetonitrile (CH₃CN, Certified ACS) and isopropanol (IPA, Certified ACS) was obtained from Fisher Scientific. Ethanol (EtOH, Certified ACS) was obtained from Pharmco-Aaper. Commercial 20% Pt/C (Vulcan XC-72) catalyst powder was obtained from E-Tek^SM. All materials were used as-received.

Vigil J.A., Brumbach M.T., Duay J, & Lambert T.N. (2018). Insights into the spontaneous formation of hybrid PdOx/PEDOT films: electroless deposition and oxygen reduction activity. RSC Advances, 8(43), 24428-24433.

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Thiol-Yne Photopolymerization of Azido-Containing Networks

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Triethylamine, propargyl acrylate, propargyl bromide (80 wt% in Toluene), 1,1,1- tris(hydroxymethyl)propane, potassium hydroxide, sodium azide, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, lithium perchlorate, CuCl₂, and N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, t-butyl acrylate (tBA), tri(ethylene glycol)dimethylacrylate (triEGDMA), poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (MW~575) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich and used as received. Pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate (PETMP) was donated by Evans Chemetics. CuCl₂/PMDETA, 1-(prop-2-ynyloxy)-2,2-bis(prop-2-ynyloxymethyl)butane, and bisphenol A di(3-azido-2-hydroxy propan-1-ol) ether 3 are prepared according to a previous procedure.[26 (link)] The SMP control or comparison materials comprised of a chain growth, tBA + triEGDMA + PEGDA (MW~575), was chosen because this composition has a comparable glass transition and rubbery modulus to the targeted materials produced here.

McBride M.K., Gong T., Nair D.P, & Bowman C.N. (2014). Photo-Mediated Copper(I)-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) “Click” Reactions for Forming Polymer Networks as Shape Memory Materials. Polymer, 55(23), 5880-5884.

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Graphite-based Electrode Fabrication

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Graphite flakes (100 mesh,
≥75% min), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄, 98%),
phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄, 85%), potassium permanganate
(KMnO₄, 99%), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, 35%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
(NMP, C₅H₉NO, anhydrous, 99.5%), ethanol (C₂H₅OH, ≥99.9%), methanol (CH₃OH,
≥99.9%) tetraethyl orthosilicate (Si(OC₂H₅)₄, 98%), Pluronic F108 (∼14 600, PEG–PPG–PEG),
dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS, 95%), ammonia solution (NH₄OH, 25%), ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂, 99.8%, anhydrous), potassium chloride (KCl), dipotassium hydrogen
phosphate (K₂HPO₄, anhydrous), lithium perchlorate
(LiClO₄, 99.9%, anhydrous), tetraglyme (TEGDME, 99.9%,
anhydrous), and lithium iodide (LiI, anhydrous) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich. Carbon black (Super P, >99%), poly(vinylidene fluoride)
(PVDF), palladium(II) chloride (solution 20–25%, w/w), and
melamine (C₃H₆N₆, 99%) were purchased
from Alfa Aesar. Lithium chips (16 × 0.25 mm², 99.9%)
were purchased from MTI Corporation.

Lökçü E., Kaçar N., Çayirli M., Özden R.C, & Anik M. (2022). Photoassisted Charging of Li-Ion Oxygen Batteries Using g-C3N4/rGO Nanocomposite Photocatalysts. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 14(30), 34583-34592.

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