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5 protocols using mn1020b

1

ELISA Quantification of Tau, pTau, and ApoE

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The ELISA plates were coated with 20-μg/ml coating antibody overnight at 4°C. The next day, the plates were washed in PBS for five times, and mouse brain lysates were diluted in sample buffer (human tau and ptau sample buffer: 0.25% BSA in PBS with 300 μM Tris, pH 7.4; human apoE sample buffer: 0.5% BSA in 0.025% PBS-Tween 20 [PBST]; both buffers were supplemented with protease inhibitors) and loaded into the plates in duplicates. The plates were incubated at 4°C overnight. On the third day, the plates were washed in PBS, followed by addition of the detection antibody and incubation at 37°C for 90 min. The plates were then washed with PBS and incubated with streptavidin-poly-horseradish peroxidase-40 for 90 min at RT. Plates were then washed and developed with Super Slow ELISA 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine (Sigma) and read at 650 nm. For FA fractions, samples were neutralized with 3 M Tris buffer (pH 8.0) before loading into the plate. Tau5 (gift from L. Binder, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL), HJ14.5 (in house anti-ptau antibody) and HJ15.6 (in house anti-human apoE antibody) were used as coating antibodies, and biotinylated HT7 (MN1000B; Thermo Fisher Scientific), biotinylated AT8 (MN1020B; Thermo Fisher Scientific), and biotinylated HJ15.4 (in house anti-human apoE antibody) were used as detection antibodies for human tau, ptau, and human apoE ELISAs, respectively.
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2

Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence of Alzheimer's Pathologies

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IHC and IF were performed as previously described12 (link),14 (link). For IHC staining of NP-tau and Aβ, primary antibodies AT8 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MN1020B, 1:500) and HJ3.4 (2 μg/ml in-house) respectively were used.
For IF staining, co-stains were performed for X34, BACE1, and AT8. Fibrillar Aβ was stained with X34 dye (SML-1954) and antibodies to AT8 and BACE1 (abcam, ab108394, 1:500) were used to evaluate peri-plaque pathologies.
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3

Immunodetection of Tau Protein Phosphorylation

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To detect tau by immunostaining, we used biotin-conjugated anti-pS202/pT205 tau (AT8; 1:500; mouse monoclonal, catalog #MN1020B, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and anti-pT212/pS214/pT217 tau (AT100; 1:500; mouse monoclonal, MN1060, Thermo Fisher Scientific). The following additional antibodies were used for immunostaining: anti-Aβ (D12B2; 1:1000; rabbit monoclonal; catalog #9888, Cell Signaling Technology) and anti-NeuN (1:500; mouse monoclonal; catalog #MAB377, Millipore). For immunoblotting, we used the following antibodies: anti-mouse tau (T49; 1:50,000; mouse monoclonal; catalog #MABN827, Millipore), anti-APP (22C11; 1:2500; mouse monoclonal; catalog #MAB348, Millipore), anti-GAPDH (1:10,000; mouse monoclonal; catalog #MAB374, Millipore), AT8 (1:500), AT100 (1:500), anti-pS422 tau (1:1000; rabbit monoclonal; catalog #ab79415, abcam), anti-tau (BR133; 1:4000; rabbit polyclonal, in-house), and anti-tau (BR134; 1:4000; rabbit polyclonal, in-house). For immunoelectron microscopy, we used the following antibodies: anti-mouse tau (MT1; 1:50; rabbit polyclonal, in-house), BR134 (1:50), AT8 (1:50), and AT100 (1:50).
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4

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tau Pathology

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To examine the tau pathology in brains, fixed hemi-brains were embedded in paraffin blocks and sectioned coronally at 4 μm thickness for histochemical analysis. De-paraffinized brain sections were stained with H&E or immunostained using AT8 antibody (MN1020B; Thermo Fisher Scientific), PHF-1 antibody, MC1 antibody (kind gifts from Dr. Peter Davies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY), LRP1 antibody (ab92554; Abcam), NeuN antibody (MAB377; Sigma-Aldrich), or AQP4 antibody (A5971; Sigma-Aldrich). For antigen retrieval, de-paraffinzed sections were treated with microwave (550 W, 10 min) in citrate buffer (pH 6.0) prior to immunostaining. To detect proteinase K resistant tau inclusion, sections were treated with 100 µg/ml proteinase K for 6 min at 37°C prior to AT8 and PHF-1 staining (Iba et al., 2013 (link)).
To detect tau accumulation, isolated dcLNs were embedded in 4% NuSieve GTG agarose after carefully removing fatty tissue and sliced at 100 μm thickness with a LinearSlicer PRO7 (Dosaka EM). The sections were blocked with 10% calf serum for 30 min and incubated with anti–LYVE-1 antibody (ab14917; Abcam) and washed and incubated with goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H + L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 647 (A-21245; Thermo Fisher Scientific). The sections were then mounted with PROLONG Anti-Fade Gold with DAPI (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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5

Quantification of Tau and Phospho-Tau Levels

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The concentration of tau and pTau was quantified as previously described 22 (link) by sandwich ELISA using Tau-5 (in-house antibody) as the coating antibody and human-specific biotinylated HT7 for detection for tau ELISA and using HJ14.5 (in-house p.Thr181-tau antibody) as the coating antibody and human-specific biotinylated AT8 for detection for pTau ELISA. Briefly, 96-well halfarea plates were coated with 20 μg/mL of either HJ14.5 or Tau-5 antibody and incubated at 4°C overnight. The next day, the plate was blocked in 3% BSA (RPI Corp.) in PBS for 1 hour at 37°C. Next, peptide standards and samples were diluted in sample buffer (0.25% BSA/PBS, 1× protease inhibitor, 300 mM Tris pH 7.4, PBS), loaded onto the plate, and incubated at 4°C overnight. On the third day, 0.3 μg/mL of biotinylated AT8 for pTau ELISA (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MN1020B) or biotinylated HT7 for tau ELISA (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MN1000B) was applied to the plate for 1.5 hours at 37°C, and then Streptavidin-poly-HRP-40 (1:10,000 for tau and 1:6,000 for pTau) (Fitzgerald) was applied for 1.5 hours at room temperature. TMB Superslow Substrate solution (MilliporeSigma) was added and the plates were read at 650 nm on a BioTek plate reader after developing for 30 minutes at room temperature. All samples were run in duplicate.
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