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6 protocols using ym3030

1

Western Blot Analysis of TGF-β Signaling

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Whole cell lysates and western blotting were performed as described previously 9 (link). Antibodies against CD105 (ab169545, 1:1000), Smad2 (ab40855, 1:2000), pSmad3 (ab52903, 1:1000) were purchased from Abcam. An antibody against BMP9 (sc514211, 1:500) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (USA). Antibodies against Smad1 (6944, 1:1000), pSmad1/5/8 (13820, 1:1000), and pSmad2 (3108, 1:1000) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. Antibodies against Smad3 (YM3417, 1:2000), GAPDH (YM3029, 1:20000), and β-tubulin (YM3030, 1:5000) were purchased from ImmunoWay Biotechnology.
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Western blotting analysis was used to analyze the expression of proteins. Briefly, cell lysis was performed using radio immunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer containing protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktails, and the protein concentrations were determined using a BCA assay. Subsequently, proteins (50 μg) were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for separation, after which they were electro-transferred onto a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. After blocking with 5% BSA for 3 h at room temperature, the membranes were incubated with primary antibodies (CXCL12, Proteintech, 17402-1-AP; β-tubulin, Immunoway, YM3030; GAPDH, Immunoway, YM3029) at 4°C overnight followed by incubation with secondary antibodies (HRP-conjugated Affinipure Goat Anti-Rat IgG (H + L), Proteintech, and SA00001-15) for 2 h. Immunoreactive bands were visualized using a chemiluminescence kit, and the density of the bands was determined using scanning densitometry (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
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Western Blot Analysis of Cardiac Proteins

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Total protein samples were extracted from the excised myocardial tissue using a protein extraction kit (Cat No. WB0003; Tiande Yue Co., Beijing, China), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Protein concentration was then determined using a BCA protein assay kit (Cat No. WB0028; Tiande Yue Co.), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Protein samples were boiled for 5 min, then fractionated by SDS-PAGE (10–15% polyacrylamide gels) and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane (Whatman; Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St. Louis, MO, USA). The samples were blocked with milk powder for 2 h at room temperature and then incubated with primary antibodies against Runx2 (YM4192; ImmunoWay Biotechnology, Beijing, China), osteopontin (YM3467; ImmunoWay Biotechnology) and β catenin (YM3403; ImmunoWay Biotechnology) at 4°C overnight. After washing five times with TBST (Cat No. WB0043; Tiande Yue Co.), the membranes were incubated with a secondary goat anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody (S004; Tiande Yue Co.) for 1 h at room temperature. Membranes were then washed six times with TBST. Western blot bands were quantified using Total Lab Quant software, version 1.0 (Nature Gene Corp, Beijing, China) by measuring the band intensity for each group and normalizing to β-tubulin (YM3030; ImmunoWay Biotechnology) as an internal control.
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4

Comprehensive Immunoblotting Techniques

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Standard techniques were used for protein quantification, separation, transfer, and blotting in KLE and HEC-1A cells. Primary antibodies immunoblotting antibodies were used: ERRα (1: 500, ab76228, Abcam, London, UK), ERRα (1:500, E1G1J, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), NLRP3 (1:500; 19,771-1AP, Proteintech, Wuhan, China), HIF-1α (1:500; 20,960-1AP, Proteintech, Wuhan, China), cleaved GSDMD (1:500; #36,425, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), GSDMD (1:500, E9S1X, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), GSDME (1:500, 84005S, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), Caspase1 (22,915–1-AP, Proteintech, Wuhan, China), Caspase-1 (YT5743, Immunoway, USA), Caspase-1 (1:500, D7F10, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), Caspase-3 (1:500, D3R6Y, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), IL-18 (1:500,10,663–1-AP, Proteintech, Wuhan, China), cleaved-IL-1β (1:500, D3A3Z, Cell Signaling Technology, Massachusetts, USA), β-actin (1:2000, YM3028l, Immunoway, USA), β-tublin (1:2000, YM3030, Immunoway, USA), and GAPDH (1:2000; YM3029, Immunoway, USA).
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Apoptosis Markers

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Frozen testis tissue was homogenized in ice-cold radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer (pH 7.5) containing protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, USA). After denaturation at 95°C for 5 min, samples were centrifuged at 12,000 × g for 20 min at 4°C and the supernatant was collected and stored at −20°C. Proteins were separated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane that was blocked overnight at 4°C in PBS containing 0.1% Tween 20 (PBS-T) and 5% skim milk, and then probed with rabbit anti-rat antibodies against the following proteins: Bcl-2 (1:1000; ab59348) and Bax (1:1000; ab32503) (both from Abcam, USA); cytochrome C (1:500; sc13156) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA); cleaved caspase-9 (1:1000: #9506) and cleaved caspase-3 (1:500; #9664) (both from Cell Signaling Technology, USA); and β-tubulin (1:5000; YM3030) (Immunoway, USA). After three washes with TBS-T, the membrane was incubated at room temperature for 1 h with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology) in PBS-T with 2% skim milk and washed three times with TBS-T [35 (link), 36 (link)]. Immunoreactivity was visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence. The relative signal intensity of protein bands was analyzed with Image J software (National Institutes of Health, USA).
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6

Skin Protein Expression Analysis

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The protein levels of p63, β1-integrin, Bmp2, Bmp4 and Collagen IV in the skin tissues were analysed by Western blotting. Skin samples from the three groups were lysed using RIPA buffer and centrifuged for 10 min at 15000 g and 4°C to extract total protein. Then, 20 μg of total protein were resolved via SDS-PAGE and transferred to a PVDF membrane, followed by incubation overnight at 4°C with 4 ml of the appropriate dilutions of the following primary rabbit monoclonal antibodies: anti-p63 (1:2000; ab53039; Abcam), anti-β1-integrin (1:5000; ab179471; Abcam), anti-BMP2 (1:1000; ab14933; Abcam), anti-BMP4 (1:2000; ab39973; Abcam), anti-Collagen IV (1:1000; ab6586; Abcam), and anti-β-tubulin (1:10000; YM3030, Immunoway) as an internal control. Then, the membranes were washed three times and incubated at room temperature for 2 h with HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) at a dilution of 1:10000 (S004, TDY, China). After the membranes were washed three times, the blots were visualized with ECL.
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