Vitek 2 gn id

Screening swabs (soaked with Amies transport medium) were taken from the rectum and cultivated on ChromID ESBL agar (bioMérieux, Nürtingen, Germany) selecting for ESBL-E. Species identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria grown on ChromID ESBL agar was performed by Vitek 2 GN ID and AST N223 card (bioMérieux), respectively. Isolates were included in the study, if they tested non-susceptible to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone or ceftazidime using EUCAST breakpoints [24 ].
The combination disc test following EUCAST guidelines using cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime with and without clavulanate (Mast Diagnostica, Reinfeld, Germany) was performed to confirm ESBL production [24 ].
Genotyping of 3GCREB isolates was conducted by repetitive-sequence-based PCR and subsequent microfluidics electrophoresis using the DiversiLab system (bioMérieux).

A total of 60 clinical strains were tested in this study: 30 each for K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. All clinical isolates were isolated from clinical specimens, such as urine, secretions, and blood, recovered from two tertiary care hospitals in Cali, Colombia, between 2017 and 2019. All cultures of clinical isolates were sent to Microbiology Laboratory at Laboratorio de Salud Pública Departamental del Valle del Cauca (LSPD-Valle), where bacterial identity was confirmed, and antibiotic susceptibility characterization was performed. Species identification was performed using the automated VITEK^® 2 system, (bioMerieux, 9.02, Marcy l’Etoile, France) with the VITEK^® 2 Gram-Negative Identification card (VITEK^® 2 GN ID), which is based on established biochemical methods and substrates that evaluate the use of carbon, enzymatic activity, and resistance (Ref. 21341, bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). All laboratory strains, including E. coli ATCC^® 25922™, K. pneumoniae ATCC^® 2146™, and P. aeruginosa ATCC^® 27853™, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates were obtained as a part of routine diagnostic procedure and analyzed anonymously. Only one clinical culture with A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex per patient was included in this study. The strains were isolated and identified from blood, urine, the lower respiratory tract, and wounds based on clinically indicated cultures in each hospital involved in this study.
The identification and antibiotic susceptibility test of CRAB-cc were performed by the VITEK2^® system (VITEK^® 2 GN ID and VITEK^® 2 AST-GN93; bioMérieux, Lyon, France) [19 (link)] and subsequently analyzed according to CLSI 2019 guideline [33 (link)]. The CRAB-cc isolates were stored in trypticase soy broth with 10% glycerin and stored at −80 °C until further characterization.