2 oxoglutaric acid

Manufactured by Fujifilm

Sourced in United States, Japan

2-oxoglutaric acid is a dicarboxylic acid, which is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle. It is used as a laboratory reagent and in various biochemical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Phosphate buffer saline (pbs), by Merck Group (1 mentions) N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (1 mentions) N n methylenebisacrylamide mbaa, by Fujifilm (1 mentions) P styrenesulfonic acid sodium salt, by Fujifilm (1 mentions) Urea, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Potassium bromide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 4 2 hydroxyethyl piperazine 1 ethanesulfonic acid hepes, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 2 acrylamido 2 methylpropanesulfonic acid amps, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions) Hepes, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

4 protocols using 2 oxoglutaric acid

Synovial Fluid-Based Hydrogel Fabrication

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Acrylic acid 99% (Sigma, USA), anhydrous, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate with average Mn 700 (Sigma, USA), N,N-dimethyl formamide (Sigma, USA), phosphate buffer saline (Sigma, USA), n-octyl acrylate containing 400 ppm 4-methoxyphenol as inhibitor (Scientific Polymer Products, USA), 2-oxoglutaric acid (Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd, USA), reference standard pH buffers ranging from 2 to 11 (VWR Analytical, USA) were used as received. Bovine synovial fluid was obtained from Lampire Biological Labs, Pipersville, PA.

Wijayaratna U., Kiridena S., Adams J.D., Behrend C.J, & Anker J.N. (2021). Synovial fluid pH sensor for early detection of prosthetic hip infections. Advanced functional materials, 31(37), 2104124.

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Synthesis of Cationic Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels

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Monomers, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethanaminium, inner salt (CDME, Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS, Toa Gosei Co., Ltd., Japan) were used as received. Initiator, 2-Oxoglutaric acid (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used as received. Crosslinker, N,N'-Methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAA, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Japan) was recrystallized from ethanol.

Yin H., King D.R., Sun T.L., Saruwatari Y., Nakajima T., Kurokawa T, & Gong J.P. (2020). Polyzwitterions as a Versatile Building Block of Tough Hydrogels: From Polyelectrolyte Complex Gels to Double-Network Gels. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 12(44).

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Polyelectrolyte Complex Formation

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Materials: P-styrenesulfonic acid sodium salt, 3-(methacryloylamino)propyl trimethylammonium chloride, and 2-oxoglutaric acid were purchased and used as is from Fujifilm Wako Chemicals. Potassium bromide (KBr), sodium chloride (NaCl), choline chloride, and urea were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Deionized water (conductivity ≈ 5µS/cm) was used for making all solutions unless otherwise noted.

Delgado D.E., King D.R., Cui K., Gong J.P, & Shull K.R. (2020). High-Fidelity Hydrogel Thin Films Processed from Deep Eutectic Solvents. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 12(38).

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Synthesis and Characterization of PAMPS Hydrogel

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2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS; Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and 2-oxoglutaric acid (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd, Osaka, Japan) were used as purchased. N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA; Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was purified by recrystallization from ethanol. PAMPS gel was synthesized by radical polymerization using MBAA as a cross-linker and 2-oxoglutaric acid as an initiator. The monomer concentration was 1 mol/l for PAMPS, 4 mol% for the cross-linker, and 0.1 mol% for the initiator. Aqueous solution containing a monomer, cross-linker, and the initiator was injected into a cell consisting of a pair of glass plates separated by a silicone rubber. After gelation, gels were immersed in 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) buffer solution [NaHCO 3 1.55 x10 -2 M, HEPES 5 x 10 -3 M, NaCl 0.14 M, pH 7.4] and the HEPES solution was changed twice daily for 1 week to reach equilibrium. After sterilizing by autoclaving (120 ºC, 20 min), gel disks were punched out from a gel sheet with a hole punch having a diameter of 1.5 or 3.5 cm. The thickness of the gel disk was approximately 2 mm. The gel disks were then placed at the bottom of 6-well or 24-well PS plates.

Goto K., Kimura T., Kitamura N., Semba S., Ohmiya Y., Aburatani S., Matsukura S., Tsuda M., Kurokawa T., Ping Gong J., Tanaka S, & Yasuda K. (2016). Synthetic PAMPS gel activates BMP/Smad signaling pathway in ATDC5 cells, which plays a significant role in the gel-induced chondrogenic differentiation. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A, 104(3).

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