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9 protocols using gel pro analyzer software version 4

1

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Lysates of the cells were prepared using a radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer mixed with phenyl methylsulfonyl fluoride (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology). The lysates were centrifuged for 10 min at 12,000 x g at a temperature of 4˚C. Concentrations of the proteins were determined using a bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology). The proteins (20 µg samples/lane) were separated by SDS PAGE on 12% gels and subsequently electro-transferred using electro-blotting apparatus (Bio Rad Laboratories, Inc.) onto nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were blocked with tris-buffered saline with 1/1,000 tween containing 5% non-fat milk for 1 h at room temperature. Subsequently the membranes were incubated overnight with antibodies against RbAp48 (cat. no. ab79416; 1:1,000; Abcam), NF-κB (cat. no. 545380-34-5; 1:1,000; Merck KGaA) and GAPDH (cat. no. D16H11; 1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.) at 4˚C. After washing, membranes were incubated for 1 h at room temperature with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:2,000; cat. no. 7074; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.). After incubation, membrane washing was performed with TBS and Tween-20 followed by enhanced chemiluminescence reagent (EMD Millipore) treatment. For analysis, Gel Pro Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Inc.) was used.
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2

Western Blot Analysis of TLR4 Signaling

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Radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (Beyotime, China) was adopted to isolate protein from lung tissues. Then, protein fractions were separated on 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by transferring to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes. The membranes were closed with 5% milk and incubated with TLR4 (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), MyD88 (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology), p-p65 (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology), p65 (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology), p-p38 (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology), p-p38 (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology), and GAPDH (1: 1000; Cell Signaling Technology) antibodies overnight at 4°C. Then the membranes were coupled with second antibody (1: 2000; Cell Signaling Technology) for 1 hour at room temperature. At last, the proteins were detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) with Canon imaging system and quantified by using Gel-Pro-Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA).
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3

Western Blot Analysis of EMT Markers

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Proteins were extracted using radioimmunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer and protein concentration was measured using a Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay kit (both Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai, China). Subsequently, 40 µg protein in each group were separated by 8, 10 or 12% SDS-PAGE and the separated proteins were transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The PVDF membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk or 1% bovine serum albumin (Biosharp, Hefei, China) at room temperature for 1 h, and then incubated with FOXC1 (1:1,000), N-cadherin (1:1,000), E-cadherin (1:1,000), Vimentin (1:1,000), Snail (1:1,000), Twist (1:1,000), β-catenin (1:1,000), p-β-catenin (1:1,000), c-myc (1:1,000) and GAPDH antibodies (1:1,000) overnight at 4°C. The PVDF membranes were rinsed and then incubated with corresponding horseradish peroxidase-labeled secondary antibodies (cat. no. A0208; 1:5,000; Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology) for 45 min at 37°C. Subsequently, the PVDF membranes were visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescent kit (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology). The target bands were scanned and analyzed by Gel-Pro-Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA).
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4

Analysis of TGF-β1 and p-mTOR in Lung Samples

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We collected sample lungs and lysed them for 5 min in buffer with 1% proteinase inhibitors on ice, and then a BCA assay kit (Wanlei Biological Technology Co., Ltd.) was used to determine protein concentrations in the supernatant. The protein (40 μg) was subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, after which, PVDF membranes were blocked with 5% nonfat milk containing Tris‐buffered saline with Tween for 1 hr at room temperature. The membranes were then incubated with primary antibodies against TGF‐β1 (Affinity Biosciences) and phosphorylated (p)‐mTOR (Affinity Biosciences) overnight at 4°C and incubated with secondary antibody for 60 min at room temperature. β‐actin was used as an internal control that showed no differences between test groups. Luminescence signals were detected with an enhanced chemiluminescence system (Wanlei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and Gel‐Pro‐Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics Inc.) was used to analyze signal strength.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Liver Proteins

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Total proteins were extracted from liver tissues. The BCA protein detection kit was used to determine the protein concentration. We separated 100 mg of protein by 10% SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and transferred it to PVDF membranes. At room temperature, the membrane was blocked with 5% non-fat milk for 1 h. Then, primary antibodies anti-GSK-3β (1: 1000), anti-Fyn (1: 1000), anti-Nrf2 (1: 500), and anti-β-actin (1: 500) were added and incubated overnight at 4°C. After washing with PBST 3 times, the secondary antibody (1: 200) was added for incubation. Color development was performed with chemiluminescence. The optical densities of bands were quantified using Gel-Pro Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA). β-actin was used as the endogenous control.
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6

Characterizing Girdin Expression in NSCLC

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A total of 24 fresh NSCLC and 5 normal tissues were washed three times with PBS solution and treated by ultrasonic lysis with a radioimmunoprecipitation lysis buffer (P0013C; Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Haimen, China) for protein extraction. Protein were quantified by BCA. A total of 30 µg of protein were loaded per lane and separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, after which the proteins were transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. Subsequently, the membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk for 1 h at room temperature and incubated with primary antibodies directed against Girdin, (ab113890; 1:500; Abcam) and β-actin (4970P; 1:1,000; CST Biological Reagents Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) overnight at 4°C. Appropriately diluted specific secondary antibodies (anti-rabbit IgG; ZB2301; 1:1,000; OriGene Technologies, Inc., Beijing, China) were added and incubated for 1 h at room temperature. An enhanced chemiluminescence kit (Pierce; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) was used to detect and analyze immunostained protein bands using a charge-coupled camera (LAS4000; Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) and Gel-Pro Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA).
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7

Western Blot Analysis of Tight Junction Proteins

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The western blotting was performed as Linshi reported methods and modification. RIPA Lysis Buffer (Beyotime Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) and extraction kits (ThermoFisher Scientific, Shanghai, China) were used to isolate the total proteins, a nuclear protein, and cytoplasmic proteins, respectively. The protein concentration was analyzed using a BCA reagent (CWBIO, Beijing, China) followed by SDS-PAGE and electrotransfer of separated protein lysates to nitrocellulose membranes (Millipore). After 1 h of blocking, the membranes were incubated with a primary antibody at 4°C for overnight, then incubated with the secondary antibody for 2 h at room temperature. Positive bands were measured by enhanced chemo-luminescence (Tanon, Shanghai, China). Gel-Pro Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Silver Spring, MD, USA) was used to analyse the densitometry. Antibodies against ZO-1 (ab96587), occludin (ab167161), claudin-1 (ab129119), and claudin-4 (ab15104) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). The antibody against ERK (4695S), P-ERK (4370S), and β-actin (4970S) were secured from CST (CST, MA, USA).
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8

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Total proteins were extracted from the cells for indicated treatment by RIPA lysis buffer containing protease inhibitors and centrifuged at 12,000×g for 10 min at 4 °C. Protein concentrations were detected by BCA protein assay reagent (TransGen, Beijing, China). Protein samples were transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane (Millipore, MA, USA) after separating by SDS-PAGE. Membranes were blocked and incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Subsequently, membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit (1:5000) or anti-mouse IgG (1:1000) secondary antibody. Detection was performed by Tanon-5200 Multi Gel Imaging Analysis System (Tanon, Shanghai, China) and quantified by Gel-Pro Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Rockville, MD, USA).
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9

Gelatin Zymography for MMP-2 and MMP-9

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The activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were examined by gelatin zymography. At 24 h after transfection, the cells were treated with PDGF for 24 h at 37°C. The conditioned medium was collected and the protein concentration was quantified using a Bicinchoninic Acid assay kit (Wanleibio). Proteins (30 µg per lane) were subsequently separated by 10% SDS-PAGE containing gelatin (Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA). The gels were washed twice for 40 min each in 2.5% Triton X-100 to remove the SDS, incubated with developing buffer for 40 h at 37°C and stained for 3 h at room temperature with 0.05% Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (Amresco, LLC). After three destaining washes in a mixture of methanol and acetic acid (methanol + acetic acid: 30 + 10%, 30 min; 20 + 10%, 1 h; 10 + 5%, 2 h; respectively) at room temperature, the gels were imaged under a Gel Imaging Analysis system (Beijing Liuyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) and the band intensities were quantified using Gel-Pro Analyzer software version 4.0 (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA).
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