For nutraceutical evaluation, triethylamine, phenylisothiocyanate, amino acid standards, standards of fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A, D2, D3, E, K1, K2), water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B1, B2, B3:nicotinic acid, B3:nicotinamide, B5, B6, B7, B9 and B12), sodium hydrogen phosphate and phosphoric acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, whereas HPLC grade acetonitrile, acetyl-chloride, ethanol, n-hexane, methanol, 2-propanol, sodium acetate trihydrate, glacial acetic acid and analytical grade potassium hydroxide were procured from Merck. The Milli-R/Q water from Millipore and Nitrogen from Sigma Gases & Services were used. A Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) standard mixture were obtained from Supelco (37-component, FAME Mix, 47885-U).
Acetyl chloride
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Switzerland, Ireland
Acetyl chloride is a chemical compound with the formula CH3COCl. It is a colorless, volatile liquid that is commonly used as an acylating agent in organic synthesis. Acetyl chloride is reactive and can be used to introduce acetyl groups into various organic molecules.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (20 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (16 mentions)
1 butanol, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
4000 qtrap system, by AB Sciex (7 mentions)
N hexane, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Methanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Heptane, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
N butanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Isotope labeled internal standard samples of 12 amino acids nsk a, by Cambridge Isotopes (4 mentions)
Hexane, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Triethylamine, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Potassium carbonate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ammonium acetate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Methyl heptadecanoate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Methyl tricosanate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
3 5 di tert butyl 4 hydroxytoluene bht, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
73 protocols using acetyl chloride
1
Nutraceutical Evaluation Analytical Protocol
2
Synthesis and Characterization of OXA
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OXA was prepared by Laurus Labs (Hyderabad, India). 5-FU, DOCA, ethyl chloroformate, N-methylmorpholine, NƐ-Boc-l -lysine methyl ester hydrochloride (H-Lys(Boc)-OMe·HCl), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), trimethylsilyl diazomethane (2 M solution in hexane), ammonium acetate, and formic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Caprylocaproyl macrogol-8-glycerides (Labrasol), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol P), and propylene glycol monocaprylate (Capryol 90) were obtained from Gattefossé (St Priest, France). Polyethoxylated castor oil (Cremophor EL) was provided by BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform, methanol, acetyl chloride, and n-hexane (analytical grade) were obtained from Merck (Kenilworth, NJ, USA). Solvents for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and atomic absorption spectroscopy were obtained from Merck and Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
3
Synthesis of Metal-Based Compounds
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Fresh mint leaves were obtained from a local market and were washed thoroughly before use. Cobalt(ii ) nitrate hexahydrate, ferrous sulphate heptahydrate, anhydrous ferric chloride, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, lead(ii ) nitrate, ferrous sulphate and mercury(ii ) chloride were purchased from Himedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, India. Copper chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride were purchased from Sisco Research Laboratories (SRL) Pvt. Ltd, India. Silver nitrate and cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate, manganous chloride, nickel nitrate, aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, potassium nitrate, potassium carbonate and sodium hydroxide were supplied by Merck Ltd, India. Ascorbic acid, citric acid, methionine, l -glutamic acid, l -cysteine, glycine, glucose and urea were purchased from Himedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. Solvents such as acetone, acetyl chloride, hexane, dimethyl sulfoxide were purchased from Merck Ltd, India. Methyl iodide, tetra butyl ammonium bromide and tetra ethyl acetate were supplied by SRL Pvt. Ltd, India. All the commercially available reagent grade chemicals were used as – received.
4
Plasma NEFA Fatty Acid Analysis
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NEFA were analysed as their FA methyl esters (FAMEs) using GC–MS, as described in detail elsewhere [10 (link), 14 (link)]. Direct transesterification of all classes of lipids was carried out in a one-step reaction [14 (link)]. In brief, lipids were extracted from plasma after addition of internal standard (heptadecanoic acid) using isopropyl alcohol–heptane–sulfuric acid (40:10:1) (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and 0.01% butylated hydroxytoluene (≥99%, B1378; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA). Lipids were separated by thin-layer chromatography using heptane–diethylether–acetic acid (80:30:1) (Merck) as mobile phase. FAs were extracted from silica gel in benzol–methanol (1:4) (Merck) overnight and derivatised to their corresponding methyl esters by addition of acetyl chloride (Merck) and incubation at 100°C for 1 h. After addition of benzol (Merck) and centrifugation, the FAME-containing supernatant fraction was analysed on a Hewlett Packard 6890 gas chromatograph (Palo Alto, CA, USA) interfaced to a Hewlett Packard 5975 mass selective detector. Calibration curves of reference FAs were processed in parallel for quantification [10 (link)].
5
Cold-Pressed Flaxseed Oil Nanoemulsion
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Fresh flaxseed oil, extracted by the cold press method, was purchased from a local market (Shiraz, Iran) and stored in refrigerator in dark vials. During cold storage, the impurities were precipitated and the clear upper phase was used in nanoemulsion preparation. Tween 80, ethanol, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), malondialdehyde, methanol, hexane, TBHQ, and acetyl chloride were purchased from Merck Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). DPPH free radical was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide were supplied from Kimia Exir (Tehran, Iran). Double distilled water (DDW) was utilized in the preparation of samples and solutions.
6
Immobilized Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification
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The immobilized thermostable lipases from Candida antarctica lipase b (Novozym® 435), Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme® RM IM) and Thermomyces lanuginosus (Lipozyme® TL IM), were kindly provided by Novozymes, A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark. Edible virgin argan oil (Emile Noël, France) was acquired from a biological food store. Caprylic (>98% purity; MW = 144.21 g mol−1) and capric (>98% purity; MW = 172.26 g mol−1) fatty acids, and methyl myristate standard (99%) were acquired from Fluka. Silica-gel 60 (0.25 mm width, 20 × 20 cm) thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates, acetyl chloride, methanol and n-heptane were acquired from Merck, Germany, and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein was from Sigma-Aldrich. Fatty acid methyl ester mixes (PUFA No 1 from Marine source and PUFA No 3 from Menhaden oil) were acquired from Supelco (Bellefonte, PA, USA).
7
Synthesis of Organotin(IV) Complexes
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2-Hydroxy benzaldehyde, 3-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 2-nitro benzaldehyde, 3-nitro benzaldehyde, 4-nitro benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy, 3-methoxy benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy, 3-methoxy benzaldehyde, malonic acid, ammonium acetate, acetyl chloride, dibutyltin(iv ) oxide, dibutyltin(iv ) dichloride, tributyltin(iv ) chloride, triphenyltin(iv ) chloride and tricyclohexyltin(iv ) chloride were purchased from Merck Company (Germany). Melting points were determined by Fisher-Johns melting point apparatus (USA) and were found uncorrected. An Eager 300 mass analyzer (USA) was used for elemental analyses. A Bruker FTIR (USA) spectrophotometer TENSOR27 (ZnSe) was used to record the FTIR spectra of the pure solid samples covering 4000–400 cm−1. EI-MS spectra were observed in terms of % m/z on a Finnigan MAT 312 spectrometer (USA). 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR spectra were calculated with a Bruker AM 400 NMR spectrometer (USA).
8
Analytical Characterization of Reagents
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Mannose, myo‐inositol, carboxymethyl‐cellulose, tannic acid, apple pectin (with 50%–75% esterification; 93,854), quinine sulfate salts, 6‐propyl‐2‐thiouracil, and citric acid (A.C.S reagent) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol (anhydrous), pyridine, acetyl chloride, and HPLC‐grade water were purchased from EMD Millipore (Burlington, MA, USA). N‐Methyl‐N (trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide was purchased from Regis Technologies (Morton Grove, IL, USA). Tartaric acid was obtained from SAFC (St. Louis, MO, USA), and peptone, yeast extract, and yeast/mold broth were purchased from Becton, Dickson, and Company (Sparks, MD, USA). Dextrose was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Agar was obtained from Acros Organics (Morris, NJ, USA).
9
Analytical Standards for Lipid Characterization
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Sodium methoxide (5.4 M, 30 wt% solution with methanol), naphthalene ($99.0% purity), acetyl chloride ($99.0% purity), potassium hydroxide ($85.0% purity), and sodium carbonate ($99.5% purity) were purchased from Merck Life Science AB (Solna, Sweden). Anhydrous sodium sulfate ($99.9% purity) and sulfuric acid (95-97%) were purchased from VWR (Stockholm, Sweden). All other solvents and chemicals in the highest purity (LC-MS grade) were purchased from Fisher Scientic (Göteborg, Sweden) unless otherwise stated. All the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and their mixtures (>99.0% purity), free fatty acids (99.0% purity), and all triglycerides (TG) (>99.0% purity) were purchased from Larodan AB (Solna, Sweden). Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) components-sh and olive oils, and the unidentied lipid sample were obtained in collaboration with Fresenius-Kabi (Uppsala, Sweden).
10
Analytical Grade Chemical Analysis
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Methanol, BHT, heptane, as well as the standards samples used were supplied by Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis MO, United States). Chloroform and potassium chloride were supplied by VWR (Radnor PA, United States), while acetyl chloride was supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All of the aforementioned chemicals used in this work were of analytical grade (99% purity).
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