Mc lr

William’s E. basal medium (WEM) (cat. 112-033-101) was purchased from Quality Biological (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). L-glutamine (cat. TMS-002-C) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) (cat. A9165) were purchased from Millipore Sigma (Burlington, MA, USA). Penicillin and streptomycin solution (cat. 25-512) was purchased from Genesee Scientific (San Diego, CA, USA). Dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) (cat. 36480-AP), protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (cat. 78440), dithiothreitol (cat. D1532), iodoacetamide (cat. A39271), ammonium bicarbonate (cat. 393210050), and trypsin (cat. 90057) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). MCLR (cat. 10007188, ≥95% purity) was purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (cat. 142015) was purchased from BeanTown Chemical (Hudson, NH, USA). SP600125 (SP) (JNK inhibitor, cat. HY-12275), MK2206 di-hydrochloride (MK) (AKT inhibitor, cat. HY-10358), and adezmapimod hydrochloride, SB203580 (SB) (p38 inhibitor, cat. HY-10256A) were purchased from Med Chem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA).

MC-LR, MC-RR, and MC-LA were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). MC-YR, MC-LF, and MC-LW were purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA). C₂D₅ MC-LR was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA). MC-LR-Cys was synthesized by the Westrick group (Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA) [46 (link)]. ACS-grade zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) and HPLC-grade water, methanol (CH₃OH), and acetonitrile (CH₃CN) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). Reagent-grade formic acid (FA) was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA).