Model dv 2 viscometer

Ayran was performed using the SC4‐21 spindle with the Brookfield Viscometer (Model DV‐II + Viscometer, Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc.) device at 4 ± 1°C. Flow behavior indices (n) and consistency coefficients (K) were determined by using the power law model (δ = K(γ) n, δ: shear stress (Pa), and γ: shear rate (s⁻¹) [Gursoy, Yilmaz, Gokce, & Ertan, 2016]).

Viscosity (η, cps) of the FPMs (n = 6) was measured using a viscometer (Brookfield Model DV-II+ viscometer; MA, USA) at room temperature (25 ± 5 °C) and 100 rpm.
Mucoadhesiveness was assessed by observing the interactions of FPMs and mucin type II and measuring the bond strength between the polymeric micelle solution and the glycoproteins in the mucus [11 (link),12 (link)], according to the results of our previous study [13 (link)]. Each FPM (5 mL) was mixed with mucin type II (5 mL) in test tubes, and the tube was inverted 5 times without shaking. Each mucin-formulation mixture was then measured for viscosity at 100 rpm, and at 0, 15, 30, and 60 minutes (min) without re-shaking. The percentage of mucoadhesiveness was analyzed using the Equation (1): $$\% \mathrm{Mucoadhesiveness}=\frac{\mathrm{average} \mathsf{\eta } \mathrm{of} \mathrm{mixture} - \mathrm{average} \mathsf{\eta } \mathrm{of} \mathrm{formulation}}{\mathrm{average} \mathsf{\eta } \mathrm{of} \mathrm{formulation}}\times 100\%$$