Formic acid

References standards of basic green 1, rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G, crystal violet, basic violet 1, and basic blue 7 were purchased from Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH (Augsburg, Germany). Basic orange 21, ethyl violet 4, basic red 46, basic red 13, and basic red 14 were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Productions GmbH (Steinheim am Albuch, Germany). Basic blue 26, basic orange 22, basic blue 11, and basic violet 7 were procured from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). HPLC-grade acetonitrile and methanol were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). All chemicals used were of analytical grade. FeCl₃·6H₂O, FeCl₂·4H₂O, NaHCO₃, NaOH, NaBH₄, NaNO₂, and p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid were purchased from Tianjin Fuchen Chemicals Reagent Factory (Tianjin, China). Formic acid, 36% HCl, and 24% NH₃·H₂O were acquired from Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory (Zhaoqing, Guangdong province, China). GO was obtained from Nanoinnova Technologies SL (Madrid, Spain).

Acetone, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, concentrated sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, phosphoric acid, acetonitrile, ascorbic acid, methanol, formic acid, sodium acetate, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, iron(III) chloride hexahydrate solution, ammonium acetate, were purchased from Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory (Guangzhou, China). phenolic compound standards [rutin (Rut), quercetin (Que), quercitrin (Quer), isoquercitrin (Iso), chlorogenic acid (ChA), syringic acid (SyA), ferulic acid (FeA), caffeic acid (CaA), resveratrol (Res), epicatechin (Epi), astragalin (Ast), scopoletin (Sco), galangal (Gal), catechuic acid (CatA), vanillic acid (VaA), benzoic acid (BeA), gallic acid (GaA), and protocatechuic acid (PrA)] were purchased from the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China). 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2ʹ-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (trolox) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Mycoplasma gallisepticum strain S6 was obtained from the Chinese Veterinary Microorganism Culture Collection Center (Beijing, China). Culture media consisted of M. gallisepticum artificial medium base (Qingdao Hope Biological Technology) containing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and cysteine and swine serum (Guangzhou Ruite Biological) as previously described (3 (link)). Tilmicosin phosphate was a kind gift of Eastern Along Pharmaceuticals (Guangdong, China). Acetonitrile, formic acid, methanol (high-performance liquid chromatography grade), and remaining analytical grade reagents were purchased from Guangzhou Chemical Reagent.