All patients underwent nutritional evaluation. Anthropometric measurement (eg, BMI, waist circumference, visceral fat, body fat, lean body mass) were assessed using Body Composition Monitor (Omron Healthcare) to evaluate the presence and grade of obesity. A 24-hour dietary recall was performed to estimate the usual dietary intake. The nutritionist entered the anthropometric measurements and each 24-hour dietary recall into the Dieto System Terapia Alimentare software for nutrients. Based on nutritional analysis, specific indications were given to correct excessive intake of proteins, lipids, and sweets. Moreover, according to the current literature,17 (link) the consumption of vegetables (≥2 servings every meal), fruits (1–2 servings every meal), breads and cereals (1–2 servings every meal), olive oil every meal, legumes (≥2 servings weekly), fish/seafood (≥2 servings weekly), eggs (2–4 servings weekly), poultry (2 servings weekly), dairy foods (2 servings daily), and low consumption of red meat (<2 servings weekly) and sweets (<2 serves weekly) were recommended. Patients’ adherence to diet was evaluated during the nutritional interview at T180.
Body composition monitor
Manufactured by Omron
Sourced in Germany
The Omron Body Composition Monitor is a device that measures various body composition metrics, including body fat percentage, skeletal muscle percentage, and visceral fat level. It provides users with a detailed analysis of their body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis technology.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using body composition monitor
1
Nutritional Evaluation and Dietary Recommendations
2
Diabetes Clinical Screening Protocol
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Data collection took place during diabetes clinics at the outpatient departments. The first author and three research assistants collected the data. During each section, the first author explained to patients the purpose of the study, indicating the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Prospective participants were screened to ensure they were eligible to participate in the study. They were assured of anonymity, confidentiality, and the freedom to participate or withdraw from the study at any time. All participants provided written informed consent.
Testing began by measuring participants’ height. This measure was then entered into an Omron Body Composition Monitor, which was then used to measure their weight and determine their BMI. Blood pressure (BP) levels were then measured using an Omron BP Monitor. The research assistants then proceeded to administer the questionnaires to participants electronically using a Samsung Tablet A. Participants’ blood samples were also taken by finger prick, to test their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) using the PTS A1c + kits, which yields results in 5 min. This test was done concurrently with the administration of questionnaires.
Testing began by measuring participants’ height. This measure was then entered into an Omron Body Composition Monitor, which was then used to measure their weight and determine their BMI. Blood pressure (BP) levels were then measured using an Omron BP Monitor. The research assistants then proceeded to administer the questionnaires to participants electronically using a Samsung Tablet A. Participants’ blood samples were also taken by finger prick, to test their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) using the PTS A1c + kits, which yields results in 5 min. This test was done concurrently with the administration of questionnaires.
3
Comprehensive Nutritional Evaluation of Obesity
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All 178 patients underwent nutritional evaluation. Anthropometric parameters [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, visceral fat, body fat, lean body mass] were measured using Body Composition Monitor (Omron Healthcare co., ltd.) to evaluate the presence and grade of obesity. Subsequently, a 24-h dietary recall was collected to estimate the usual dietary intake: patients were asked to describe the foods and drinks consumed in the previous 24 h. The nutritionist entered the anthropometric measurements and each 24-h dietary recall into the Dieto System Terapia Alimentare software for nutrient analysis.
4
Comprehensive Anthropometric Assessment
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Anthropometric measurements were obtained using the Body Composition Monitor (Omron ® 500, Germany) which employs bioelectric impedance (BIA) and by manual methods. A Digital Stadiometer (seca 213) was used to measure height (cm). Furthermore, the waist and hip circumferences were each measured to the nearest 0.1cm by a tape measure, and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was calculated as Wcm/Hcm. The Body Composition Monitor generated values for body fat percentage and calculated the BMI (Body Mass Index) from weight registered by the instrument and height (converted to metres) values manually entered.
5
Anthropometric Measurements Protocol
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Weight and body composition was measured in the fasting state with bare feet and
minimal clothing by scale and Omron body composition monitor. Calculating body
composition in Omron’s algorithm is based on the Bioelectrical Impedance Method
as well as height, weight, age, and gender.
The height was measured with bare feet on the nearest 0.5 centimeter (cm) using a
height Seca wall stadiometer while 4 parts of the body being attached against
the wall. The method of calculating BMI was dividing weight by height squared in
meters.
minimal clothing by scale and Omron body composition monitor. Calculating body
composition in Omron’s algorithm is based on the Bioelectrical Impedance Method
as well as height, weight, age, and gender.
The height was measured with bare feet on the nearest 0.5 centimeter (cm) using a
height Seca wall stadiometer while 4 parts of the body being attached against
the wall. The method of calculating BMI was dividing weight by height squared in
meters.
6
Biomarker Profiling in Blood Samples
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From the collected blood, plasma and serum were obtained. Clinical chemistry analyzers were used to assay glucose, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (Beckman Coulter AU480), HbA1c (Menarini Hb 9210 Premier), and insulin (Architect Plus i1000SR), in accordance with standard operating procedures. Body composition, including fat-free body mass, was measured by bioimpedance, using a Body Composition Monitor (OMRON BF511). The fatty liver index (FLI) was calculated from triglyceride and GGT levels and from anthropometric parameters, according to the following formula [24 (link)]:
Zonulin, a marker for intestinal barrier status [25 (link),26 (link)], was measured from thawed serum samples with an ELISA kit (Immunodiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany), in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Zonulin, a marker for intestinal barrier status [25 (link),26 (link)], was measured from thawed serum samples with an ELISA kit (Immunodiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany), in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
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