Acetic acid

Manufactured by Fujifilm

Sourced in Japan, United States

Acetic acid is a colorless, pungent-smelling liquid used in various laboratory applications. It is a chemical compound with the formula CH3COOH. Acetic acid is a key component in many laboratory processes and is widely utilized as a reagent, solvent, and buffer solution.

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Lab products found in correlation

Methanol, by Fujifilm (24 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Fujifilm (15 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Fujifilm (13 mentions) Acetonitrile, by Fujifilm (13 mentions) Acetone, by Fujifilm (10 mentions) Chloroform, by Fujifilm (10 mentions) Formic acid, by Fujifilm (10 mentions) Ethanol, by Fujifilm (9 mentions) 2 propanol, by Fujifilm (6 mentions) Ammonium acetate, by Fujifilm (6 mentions) Sodium acetate, by Fujifilm (5 mentions) Toluene, by Fujifilm (5 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Fujifilm (4 mentions) Trifluoroacetic acid, by Fujifilm (4 mentions) Propionic acid, by Fujifilm (4 mentions) Disodium hydrogen phosphate, by Fujifilm (4 mentions) Isopropanol, by Fujifilm (4 mentions) Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, by Fujifilm (4 mentions) Ammonia solution, by Fujifilm (4 mentions) N hexane, by Fujifilm (3 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Glacial acetic acid (10 citations) LC/MS-grade acetic acid (4 citations) [1-13C]acetic acid (2 citations) Acetic acid (1.00 M) (2 citations)

100 protocols using acetic acid

Extraction and Analysis of Caffeine and Stimulants

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The columns used in extracting caffeine and stimulants in the autopsy case body fluids and culture media were Bond Elut Certify (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).
A solid powder of caffeine from Sigma-Aldrich (Tokyo, Japan) and methamphetamine hydrochloride from Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co. (Osaka, Japan) were used as the standard products. Diazepam-d5 (Sigma-Aldrich, Tokyo, Japan) was used as an internal standard (IS). Deionized pre water was generated using the Milli-Q Purification System (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) and was used as distilled water.
As the solvent, 0.1 M phosphate buffer was prepared by dissolving 6.8 g KH2PO4 (Wako, Osaka, Japan) in distilled water at pH 6.0 with potassium hydroxide solution.
Then, 1 M acetic acid was prepared by dissolving 30 mL acetic acid (Wako) in 470 mL distilled water and used as a washing solvent. As one of the eluting solvents, 50 mL dichloromethane (Wako, Osaka, Japan), 20 mL 2-propanol (Wako), and 5 mL ammonia aqueous solution (Wako) were mixed to produce dichloromethane:2-propanol:ammonia (10:4:1).

Ikeda-Murakami K., Tani N., Ikeda T., Aoki Y, & Ishikawa T. (2022). Central Nervous System Stimulants Limit Caffeine Transport at the Blood–Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1862.

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Synthesis of Polymeric Photosensitizers

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4,4′-Azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA), METAC, and APMAA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA) and were used without purification. Acetic acid, tetramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate, and N-hydroxysuccinimide were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical (Chuo-Ku, Osaka, Japan), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (WSCD-HCl) was purchased from Peptide Institute, Inc. (Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan). HpD was purchased from MedChem Express (San Diego, CA, USA).

Komatsu Y., Yoshitomi T., Furuya K., Ikeda T., Terasaki A., Hoshi A., Kawazoe N., Chen G, & Matsui H. (2022). Long-Term Fluorescent Tissue Marking Using Tissue-Adhesive Porphyrin with Polycations Consisting of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Groups. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(8), 4218.

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Analytical Standards for Biochemical Assays

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Standards (carnosine, and anserine) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO). The external and internal standard (IS) used in cholesterol analysis were
cholesterol (Tokyo chemical industry, Tokyo, Japan) and 5α-cholestane
(Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA). Standard products used for retinol and
tocopherol analysis were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Other reagents and solvents were used HPLC grade. Vitamin B₁₂standards (cyanocobalamin, purity 96.0%–102.0%) were
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, Mo., USA) and sodium acetate trihydrate
and acetic acid were purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan).

Ali M., Lee S.Y., Park J.Y., Jung S., Jo C, & Nam K.C. (2019). Comparison of Functional Compounds and Micronutrients of Chicken Breast Meat by Breeds. Food Science of Animal Resources, 39(4), 632-642.

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Tempo-oxidized CNF Functionalization

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Tempo‐oxidized CNF as an aqueous suspension with 2.05wt% concentration was obtained from Moorim Paper Co. Ltd., South Korea. Citric acid (CA) (99%), sodium hypophosphite (SHP) (99%), 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) solution, potassium persulfate (99%), octadecylamine (ODA) (99%), and vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) (98%) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Acetic acid was obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., South Korea. All the chemicals were used without purification, and de‐ionized (DI) water was used throughout the experiment.

D.i.n.e.s.h., Wang H, & Kim J. (2022). Citric Acid‐Crosslinked Highly Porous Cellulose Nanofiber Foam Prepared by an Environment‐Friendly and Simple Process. Global Challenges, 6(11), 2200090.

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Metabolic Profiling of Microbial Samples

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D-glucose, L-glutamic acid, NH₄Cl, K₂HPO₄, MgSO₄·7 H₂O, CaCl₂·2 H₂O, MnSO₄·H₂O, FeCl₃·6 H₂O, ZnSO₄·7 H₂O, Na₂-EDTA, CuSO₄·5 H₂O, and CoCl₂·6 H₂O were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH+Co. KG (Karlsruhe, Germany). LC/MS-grade ultra-pure water, HPLC-grade chloroform, acetic acid, H₂SO₄, and NH₄HCO₃ were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). 10-Camphorsulfonic acid and tributylamine were purchased from SigmaAldrich (MO, USA).

Halmschlag B., Hoffmann K., Hanke R., Putri S.P., Fukusaki E., Büchs J, & Blank L.M. (2020). Comparison of Isomerase and Weimberg Pathway for γ-PGA Production From Xylose by Engineered Bacillus subtilis. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 7, 476.

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Quantification of Urinary and Renal Sphingomyelin

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Total lipids were extracted from urine (200 μL) and kidney tissues (20–40 mg) supplemented with 10 pmol Sphingolipid Mixture II (Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL, USA), as mentioned previously [22 (link)]. Total lipid extracts were further hydrolyzed in 2 mL of 0.1 M potassium hydroxide (Fujifilm Wako) in chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v) for 3 h at room temperature, neutralized with acetic acid (Fujifilm Wako), and partitioned according to the Folch method [23 (link)]. The lower phase was collected and dried under a stream of nitrogen. Dried lipids were dissolved in 1 mL of mobile phase A (acetonitrile/water/formic acid, 97:2:1, v/v/v, with 5 mM ammonium formate), and a 2-μL aliquot was injected into the LC-MS system using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer LCMS8060 coupled to a Nexera X2 liquid chromatography system (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan). A hydrophilic interaction chromatography-MS/MS system, as previously described, was used [24 (link)]. Each peak was integrated using the Lab Solution Insite software and quantified based on the peak areas of the standards. The sphingomyelin amount was normalized against the internal standard (SM d18:1/17:0) recovery data and expressed as pmol/creatine.

Saitoh S., Takaki T., Nakajima K., Wo B., Terashima H., Shimo S., Nguyen H.B., Thai T.Q., Kumamoto K., Kunisawa K., Nagao S., Tojo A., Ohno N, & Takahashi K. (2023). Treatment of tubular damage in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice using sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors. PLOS ONE, 18(2), e0281770.

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Biofilm Formation Quantification Assay

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Equal volumes of FN and AN cultures adjusted to OD₅₉₀ 0.1 were mixed and dispensed into 24-well polystyrene tissue culture plates. Before incubation, TM or TQ was added to the culture at a final concentration of 0.1%. After anaerobic incubation at 37°C for 24 h, the amount of biofilm mass formed on the bottom of the wells was assessed using crystal violet (Wako Pure Chemical) staining. After removing the test media, the biofilms were gently washed three times with 1 ml saline and then stained with 0.4 ml crystal violet solution (0.01%) at room temperature for 1 h. Excess crystal violet solution was removed and the stained biofilm was washed with 1 ml saline before eluting the remaining dye with 1 ml acetic acid (33%, Wako Pure Chemical) and gentle agitation for 30 min at room temperature. The eluent was transferred to a 96-well plate for measurement at OD₅₅₀ or OD₆₀₀ to compare the biofilm mass.

Tada A., Nakayama-Imaohji H., Yamasaki H., Elahi M., Nagao T., Yagi H., Ishikawa M., Shibuya K, & Kuwahara T. (2020). Effect of thymoquinone on Fusobacterium nucleatum-associated biofilm and inflammation. Molecular Medicine Reports, 22(2), 643-650.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Phosphate Compounds

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Chemicals including calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, 98%), calcium chloride (CaCl₂, 95.0%), diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH₄)₂HPO₄, 98%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 97%), phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄, 85% aqueous solution), ammonia solution (25% aqueous solution), and acetic acid (99.7%), were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corp., Osaka, Japan. Pyromellitic acid (98.0%) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. Furthermore, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃ (calcite), 99.5%) and hydrochloric acid solution (HCl, 1.0 mol dm⁻³) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc., Kyoto, Japan. All chemicals were used without further purification.

Yokoi T., Goto T., Hara M., Sekino T., Seki T., Kamitakahara M., Ohtsuki C., Kitaoka S., Takahashi S, & Kawashita M. (2021). Incorporation of tetracarboxylate ions into octacalcium phosphate for the development of next-generation biofriendly materials. Communications Chemistry, 4, 4.

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Fluorescent Liposome CO2 Synthesis

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Egg-derived lecithin (No. 124–05031, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals), cholesterol (No. 034–03002, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals), sodium hydroxide (No. 192–15985, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals), 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (No. 21877, Sigma-Aldrich), 1 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) (No.318–90225, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals), ethanol (No.057–00456, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals), and carbon dioxide (purity > 99.95 %, Fujii Bussan) were used to synthesize fluorescent liposomes that physically load CO₂. Monoethanolamine (MEA, No. 016–12453, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals) was used to synthesize fluorescent liposomes that chemically load CO₂, while 1 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) was used as a buffer.
Lecithin, cholesterol, sodium hydroxide, and 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5,6-CF), were used to synthesize fluorescent liposomes using the Bangham method, with Tris-HCl (1 M, pH 7.5) as the buffer solution. Methanol (No. 131–01826, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals) and acetic acid (No.017–00273, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals) were used to prepare the mobile phase for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis.

Orita Y., Shimanuki S., Okada S., Nakamura K., Nakamura H., Kitamoto Y., Shimoyama Y, & Kurashina Y. (2023). Acoustic-responsive carbon dioxide-loaded liposomes for efficient drug release. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 94, 106326.

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Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices

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Hen egg-white lysozyme (>95% purity) was
purchased from Hampton Research (Aliso Viejo, CA, USA). We used lysozyme
without further purification. Sodium chloride, sodium acetate, acetic
acid, glycerol, acetone, and 2-propanol were purchased from Wako Pure
Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfuluorooctyl)silane
was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Polydimethylsiloxane
(PDMS; SILPOT 184 W/C) was purchased form Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.
(Tokyo, Japan). We purchased a SU-83010, a SU-83050, and a SU-8 developer
from Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Silicon wafers were obtained
from Global Top Chemical (Tokyo, Japan).

Maeki M., Yamazaki S., Takeda R., Ishida A., Tani H, & Tokeshi M. (2020). Real-Time Measurement of Protein Crystal Growth Rates within the Microfluidic Device to Understand the Microspace Effect. ACS Omega, 5(28), 17199-17206.

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