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5 protocols using mmp 2

1

Proteomic Analysis of ST09 Treatment

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A total of 75,000 cells/mL were seeded and treated with ST09 (20, 40, 60, and 80 nM) for 48 h and the whole cell lysate was prepared as described [13 (link)]. Next, 30 µg of cell lysates was electrophoresed on 10 to 12% of SDS-PAGE (poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis) and were transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (Millipore, Burlington, MA, United States). Blocking was performed using 5% skim milk in 1× PBS and then probed with primary antibodies: MMP2 from Biolegend, MMP1 from elabscience, Apaf, Bad, Bcl2, cytochrome c, Tubulin from Santa-Cruz Biotechnology, CA, and Caspase 9, Caspase 3, PARP, Vimentin, Bax, and GAPDH from Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA, followed by HRP-conjugated secondary anti-rabbit, anti-mouse antibodies (Cell Signaling Technology). The blots were developed using chemiluminescence reagent (Clarity Western ECL blotting substrate, Biorad) and the blot images were captured by the Chemidoc-XRS Biorad gel doc system. The protein band images were quantified using GelQuant.Net, BiochemLab solutions.
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2

MMP-Mediated Collagen I Degradation Assay

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MMP degradation assay of extracted type I collagen (Col1) homotrimers or heterotrimers was conducted according to previous description with minor modifications (Han et al., 2010 (link); Makareeva et al., 2010 (link)). As described above, mouse Col1 heterotrimers and homotrimers were extracted from cell culture media of mouse primary pancreatic cancer cell lines and mouse fibroblast line, respectively. MMP-1 (901-MP, R&D Systems) and MMP-2 (Biolegend) were activated before the assay using p-aminophenylmercuric acetate (APMA, A9563, Sigma-Aldrich) according to manufacturer instructions. Col1 samples were prepared in TCNB assay buffer (pH 7.5, 50 mM Tris-HCl, 0.15 M NaCl, 10 mM CaCl2, 0.05% Brij 35 and incubated with activated MMP-1 (2 nM) or MMP-2 (50 nM) at 37 °C for 20 min. The degradation reaction was terminated by adding 6x reducing SDS Laemmli Sample Buffer (Bio-world) and denatured at 60 °C for 20 min. The degradation of Col1 were examined using Western blotting method showing the cleavage fragments of Col1α1 and Col1α2 chains.
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3

Zymography Reveals MMP Activity

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The 10% zymogram-ready gels (Biorad Laboratories GmbH, Munich, Germany) were loaded with 40 µg protein/probe mixed with a zymography buffer. Recombinant mouse matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 standards (Biolegend Inc., San Diego, CA) were run as controls (5 ng each). Electrophoresis was run at 200V for 1 hour. After sample separation, gels were incubated twice for 30 minutes in a renaturing buffer and then twice in a denaturing buffer (30 minutes and overnight; Biorad Laboratories GmbH). After washing 3 times for 15 minutes in water, gels were stained for 60 minutes in Simply Blue Safe Stain. Finally, excess dye was removed by washing in water. Clear, ie, nonstained areas, indicated MMP-digested zones.
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4

Characterizing Stem Cell Surface Markers

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hWJSCs and hBMMSCs were cultured in a Lab-Tek® Chambered #1.0 Borosilicate coverglass system (Thermo Scientific) until confluence. The cells were then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton-X100 for 10 min, and then washed with PBS. Non-specific blocking was carried out with 10% normal goat serum for 10 min. The cells were incubated with primary antibodies CD29, CD44, CD146, VCAM-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, SDF-1a, ICAM-1, fibronectin, laminin, hyaluronic acid, and collagen type IV (Biolegend, San Diego, USA) at 4 °C overnight. The cells were then incubated with appropriate secondary antibodies (Invitrogen Life Technologies) for 30 min at room temperature in the presence of 1 mg/mL Hoechst 33342 and mounted on to slides with appropriate mounting medium. Photographs were taken using an Olympus FluoView FV1000 laser scanning confocal microscope (Olympus, Japan).
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5

Profiling Pleural Effusion Biomarkers

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The levels of various soluble factors in the pleural effusion were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for human amphiregulin (R&D Systems), Fibronectin (R&D Systems), MMP-2 (BioLegend, USA), and Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (R&D Systems). Other factors, including CCL3, CXCL2, CXCL8, Galectin-3, Galectin-9, amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), IL-1β, Resistin, Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), Tenascin C (TNC), and Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were assessed using a Luminex assay (R&D Systems). The levels of complement system were assessed using human complement panel 1 and 2 bead-based Multiplex Assay kits (EMD Millipore).
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